Objective To evaluate the effects of a novel inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor (FR260330) in prevention of chronic rejection in a model of rat aortic allograft and to investigate the mechanism of the arterial wall lesion of chronically rejecting solid organ grafts. Methods Male Lewis (LEW, RT1~ l) rats received male ACI (RT1~ a) aorta allografts or LEW aorta isografts. Seven groups (n≥12) were involved in this study. FR260330 and/or tacrolimus were administered orally for 14 or 90 days according to protocol. The degree of intimal proliferation of graft aorta was determined by a computerized image system.Results Both low and high doses of FR260330 or tacrolimus treated grafts showed significantly decreased intima/(intima+media) ratios at day 90 compared with placebo controls. Combined therapy of low-dose of FR260330 with low-dose of tacrolimus produced a significant decrease of intima/(intima+media) ratios with intact endothelium as compared with placebo controls. Anti-?-actin immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that one of the mechanisms of intimal proliferation was related to migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. The intima in iNOS inhibition groups was more smooth than in placebo control group and low-dose FK506 treated groups.Conclusions A selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, FR260330 plays a protective role in chronic aortic allograft rejection in the rat. Combined therapy of low-dose of FR260330 with tacrolimus produces significant protection of immune injury and may serve to improve long-term graft survival and function.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft(DFDBA) and DFDBA with platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects.Methods: Fifteen periodontal infrabony defects(30 sites) in 12 patients with periodontitis(9 patients with chronic periodontitis and 3 patients with aggressive periodontitis) were selected.Three months after initial therapy,they were assigned to either the DFDBA group(10 defects with 20 sites) or the DFDBA with PRP group(5 defects with 10 sites).The patients were evaluated for plaque index(PI),bleeding index(BI),probing depths(PD) and clinical attachment loss(CAL) before the treatment and at 6 months after periodontal bone graft surgery.Results: The PI,BI,PD and CAL in the DFDBA group were 1.7,2.7,6.0 mm and 7.0 mm at baseline;1.5,1.8,3.9 mm and 4.4 mm at the 6 months after periodontal surgery.The PD,CAL and BI in DFDBA with PRP group at baseline were 6.2 mm,7.1 mm and 2.9;3.2 mm,3.6 mm and 1.7 at the 6 months after periodontal surgery.The PI did not change significantly after surgery in both groups.While both groups showed significant improvement(P

Objective To study the changes of serum high mobility group box 1 protein ( HMGB-1 ) in patients with traumatic acute lung injury (ALI) and determine its correlations with MODS,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation ( APACHE Ⅱ ) scores and whether it can predict the incidence of MODS and mortality.Methods Forty cases of ALI were divided into MODS group (n =13) and nonMODS group (n =27) according to the MODS evaluation standard.The serum HMGB-1 was determined in the control group ( 10 healthy persons) and the MODS and non-MODS groups at days 1,4 and 7.The MODS and APACHE Ⅱ scores were also evaluated.Results Between the groups,the HMGB-1 level at days 1,4 and 7 in non-MODS group was higher than that in the control group,while lower than that in MODS group (P＜0.05).Within the non-MODS group,the expression of HMGB-1 showed a high level at day 4 compared with that at day 1 ( P ＜0.01 ) ; the HMGB-1 showed a low level at day 7 with clinical symptom improvement compared with that at day 4,and was even lower than that at day 1 ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Within the MODS group,the serum HMGB-1 level was significantly increased,and continued for several days; the HMGB-1 was decreased slightly at day 7 in comparison with that at day 4,but was still higher than that at day 1.The difference of MODS and APACHE Ⅱ score was significant,with the dynamic change of HMGB-1 level at days 1,4 and 7 after traumatic ALI.The correlative analysis showed that HMGB-1 expression level was remarkably related with MODS score and APACHE Ⅱ score.Conclusions HMGB-1 shows a high expression in patients with traumatic ALI.As a late mediator of inflammation,HMGB-1 usually increases relatively late and lasts for a long duration.HMGB-I level and concurrency MODS are closely related.Routine test of serum HMGB-1 level and joint assessment of MODS and APACHE Ⅱ score are contributive to the prediction of organ dysfunction after traumatic ALI.

AlM:To discuss the clinical effect and safety of the combined surgeries of phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis for patients with primary angle -closure glaucoma ( PACG) .METHODS:Eighty-three eyes of 83 patients with PACG and cataract were ranomized into two groups. Group A:39 patients with 39 eyes of angle-closure <180.;Group B:44 patients with 44 eyes angle - closure ≥180.. The changes of visual acuity, anterior chamber depth ( ACD) , anterior chamber angle and lOP after operation were measured. The follow-up period was for 1a.RESULTS: The visual acuity was improved significantly in both group after operation. No significantly difference in ACD, anterior chamber angle after operation in two groups (P>0. 05). The lOP in group A was lower than that in group B 3mo after operation, there was statistical significance (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON:Phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis can deepen ACD significantly. This method make the anterior chamber angle open, can reduce lOP and improve the patients’ visual acuity, especially in patients with PACG. lt is a safe and effective approach to patients with PACG and cataract.

Objective To establish the technique of loading trehalose into human platelets including temperature, time and concentration of trehalose loading. Methods Intracellular trehalose concentration versus loading time curves at 37℃ and 16℃, mean plateletee volume(MPV) versus loading time curves, and loading concentration curves were investigated and compared. Then loading time and temperature for high loading efficiency of trehalose into human platelets were ascertained. Intracellular trehalose versus trehalose loading concentration curves were made, and loading efficiency was caculated. Results The trehalose loading efficiency of 4 hours at 37℃ was significantly higher than that at 16℃ (11.6% vs 5.6%). MPV at 16℃ increased 43.2% compared with at 37℃, but had no changes along with the change of loading time and concentration. When loading at 37℃, MPV change was positively related with loading time and concentration, and loading time and loading concentration had a cooperative effect. MPV had no changes in 1～4hours loading when trehalose loading concentration was under 50mM. MPV increased with the increase of loading time and concentration when trehalose loading concentration was above 50mM. When trehalose loading concentration was 45mM, loading efficiency at 37℃ reached 13.86% 4 hours aftr loading. Conclusion The basic parameter of trehalose loading technique of human platelets was loading temperature at 37℃, loading time for 4 hours, and loading concentration of 45mM.

Objective To study the clinical significance of plasma adrenomedullin (ADM) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in the elderly patients with chronic cor pulmonale. Methods The levels of ADM and BNP in plasma of the elderly patients with chronic cor pulmonale (39 cases in the acute stage and 30 cases in remission stage) were detected by radioimmunoassay. Their correlations with PaO 2,ET-1 and the ratio of right ventricular pre-ejection period to the pulmonary flow acceleration time (RVPEP /AT), which reflected the degree of pulmonary hypertension, were investigated. 27 elderly healthy subjects served as a normal control group. Results The levels of ADM and BNP in the acute and remission stages of cor pulmonale groups were both significantly higher 〔(27.31?6.27)ng/L,(17.22?4.15)ng/L and (66.21?12.79)ng/L,(52.74?8.85)ng/L, respectively〕 than those in the normal control group〔(11.18?3.95)ng/L, (34.52?3.34)ng/L, respectively〕. The levels of ADM and BNP in the acute stage were both significantly higher than those in the remission stage (all P0.05). Conclusions The study suggests that ADM and BNP involve in the pathophysiological process of chronic cor pulmonale in the elderly patients and may play a compensatory role in the disease.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of malononitrilamide 715 (FK778) in combination with tacrolimus in prevention of acute renal allograft rejection in Vervet monkeys. Methods Eleven groups ( n ≥4/group) were involved in this study. FK778 and tacrolimus were administered orally for 60 days according to protocol. Proliferation assay was used to evaluate the effect of FK778 plus tacrolimus on monkey lymphocytes, after activation with T or B cell specific mitogens. Results Naive controls rejected renal graft with a median survival time (MST) of 8.0 days in group 1. When recipient monkeys were treated with tacrolimus 1.0 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 in group 2 or FK778 2.5 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 in group 3, the MST was 16.0 days ( P = 0.001 ) and 11.0 days ( P = 0.266 ), respectively. Combination therapy of these two agents at the same doses immediately after transplantation resulted in a MST of 25.0 days ( P = 0.016 ) in group 4. When tacrolimus was initiated immediately after transplantation and FK778 treatment was delayed until day 7 after surgery in group 5, recipient survivals were significantly prolonged to 38.0 days ( P = 0.02 ). These results were repeatable when FK778 5.0 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ( 9.0 days, P = 0.544 in group 6) was combined with tacrolimus 1.0 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 immediately after transplantation ( 8.0 days, P = 0.339 ) in group 7, or when FK778 was delayed 7 days ( 60.0 days, P = 0.002 ) in group 8. Furthermore, it was also repeatable when FK778 10 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 was combined with tacrolimus 1.0 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 with a 7 day delay. Proliferation assay in the combination groups revealed that 88.8 % (8/9) produced additive to synergistic effects in B cells, while 66.6 % (6/9) produced moderate antagonistic effects in T cells. Conclusion A significant prolongation of renal allograft survival was produced when FK778 administration was delayed by 7 days combined with tacrolimus in Vervet monkeys. And the combination of FK778 with tacrolimus in vitro produces synergistic inhibition on B cells proliferation, but not on T cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous passive motion(CPM) and rehabilitation on flexion of the shoulder after intensive burn.Methods 36 patients with intensive burn on upper limb(including the skin around axilla fossa) were divided randomly into CPM group(n=19) and control group(n=17).The CPM group received both routine rehabilitation and continuous passive motion treatment,and the control group only underwent routine rehabilitation treatment.Their ranges of active or passive motion were assessed.Results There was a significant improvement both in the CPM group and the control group after treatment(P<0.01),but the CPM group improved more(P<0.05).Conclusion CPM can improve the efficacy of the routine rehabilitation on flexion of the shoulder after intensive burn.

Objective To observe the effect of reciprocating gait orthosis on walking ability and activities of daily living (ADL) of patients with C6～T6 spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods 20 cases with C6～T6 SCI and according with type A and type B of ASIA standard received rehabilitation therapy, including training of muscle power, cardiopulmonary function, transferring mobility, ADL, bladder function, etc., before assembling the reciprocating gait orthosis, and additional gait training after fixing orthosis. The timed walking function assessment (6-min walking test and timed 10 meters walking test), gait analysis, Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Functional Independence Measure (FMI) were used to assess pre- and post-training.Results The ADL ability of all cases improved obviously after equipping reciprocating ambulation orthosis, the walking ability also improved (P＜0.05). The mean timed 10 meters was 99.21±75.24 s, mean 6-min walk test was 41.71±29.38 m. From all patients, 14 cases achieved practicability walking ability, 6 cases achieved domestic walking ability.Conclusion The reciprocating gait orthosis combined with comprehensive rehabilitation therapy has effect on walking ability and ADL of patients with C6～T6 SCI.

Objective To observe the effect of ankle-foot orthosis(AFO)on the activities of daily living(ADL)and walking ability of patients with low lumbar spinal cord injury.Methods29 cases with low lumbar spinal cord injury were trained by systematic rehabilitation.According to patients' condition,static AFO or dynamic AFO were assembled for them.All patients were evaluated with Modified Barthel Index(MBI)and Functional Independence Measure(FIM)before and after training,and the walking distances were also measured.ResultsAfter AFO dressed,the ADL scores of patients increased,especially walking ability increased significantly(P<0.05).Of 29 patients,26 cases had outdoor walking ability,3 cases had domestic walking ability.ConclusionSelecting different kinds of AFO according to condition of individual can help patients with low lumbar spinal cord injury to reconstruct their walking ability and improve ability of self-management.