Objective To synthesize a marine natural product, 24-methylenecholesterol. Methods The target molecule was synthesized in 7 steps using hyodeoxycholic acid as the starting material, 3?-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-cholest-5-ene-24-ketone as the key intermediate and isopropylation as the key step. Results The target molecule was synthesized with a total yield of 66% and confirmed by MS, IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR. Conclusion Our synthesis of 24-methylenecholesterol is characterized by easily acquired starting material, short synthetic route, high yield and atom-economic.

Objective:To optimize the extraction technology for Sanren Tongbian mixture. Methods:The water amount,decoction time and decoction frequency as the evaluation factors,and the content of amygdalin and the paste-forming rate as the evaluation indi-ces,the extraction process of Sanren Tongbian mixture was optimized by L9 (34 ) orthogonal design. Results: The optimal extraction conditions were as follows:adding 8-fold amount of water, decocting twice with 1. 5h for each time. Conclusion: The study provides scientific basis for the research of the extraction technology of Sanren Tongbian mixture, and the further experiments proved that the op-timized process is stable and feasible.

Objective To investigate the predisposing factors of urinary tract infection(UTI) with extendedspectrum beta-lactaraase(ESBLs) producing Escherichia Coli(E. coli) and its resistance to antimicrobial agents.Methods 26 cases of UTI patients with ESBLs producing E. coli from 2003 to 2005 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively and compared with the ESBLs non-producing strains. Results 88.5 % of the patients with UTI in ESBLs producing E. coli had received broad-spectrum antimierobial therapy before the diagnosis, 69.2 % of the patients were complicate UTIS, 42.3 % of the patients experienced invasive operations in urinary tract; the incidence of drug resistance of ESBLs producing bacteria to the second, third-generation cephalosporins and quinolone was significantly higher than that of ESBLs non-producing bacteria, but it was highly sensitive to imipenem. Conclusion The drug resistance of ESBLs producing E. coli is severe gradually. So much attention should be paid to the ESBLs producing bacteria detection in UTIs. Antimicrobial therapy should be initiated under the guidance of drug sensitivity test,it is necessary to rid the predisposing factors of UITs as much as possible in order to decrease ESBLs-producing bacteria infection.

Objective To establish quality control method for Qingzao Runfei Mixture. Methods Mulberry Leaves,Glycyrrhiza,Radix Glehniae,Ophiopogon Japonicus and Loquat Leaves were identified by TLC. Glycyrrhizic Acid was determinated by HPLC. Results The negative sample of TLC had no interference. The specifity was good. Glycyrrhizic acid showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.203 1～1.692 1 ?g,r =0.999 8. The average recovery was 98.24%,and RSD was 2.3%. Conclusion The established methods are simple,quick and with good reproducibility. This study provides methods for the quality control of Qingzao Runfei Mixture.

s: Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk. polysaccharide (CPPC) has various biological activities including hypolipemic effect, hypoglycemic effect, anti-oxidant effect, anti-tumor effect and immunomodulatiry;especially that hypolipemic effect and hypoglycemic effect have become the research hotspots in recent years. This article reviewed extraction, purification, content determination and biological activity of CPPC in the latest decade, with a purpose to provide references for the deep research and industrial development CPPC.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of pure adenoidectomy,adenoidectomy with partial tonsillectomy,and adenoidectomy with total tonsillectomy on humoral and cellular immunity of children with OSAHS. METHOD: The children with OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography were divided into pure adenoidectomy group(group A),adenoidectomy with partial tonsillectomy group(group B), and adenoidectomy with total tonsillectomy(group C), and there were 50 cases in each group. The serum IgG, IgA, IgM level and peripheral blood T cell subgroup per-centage were detected at 6 months preoperatively and postoperatively. Tonsil grading and polysomnography wereconducted, recording symptoms improvement situation at postoperative 6 months. RESULT: There was no statisticallysignificant difference compared with preoperative(P>0. 05) in humoral immunity and cellular immunity index ofpostoperative 6 months. There was no significani difference(P>C. 05) in curative effect among three groups in the 6th month post-operatively. CONCLUSION All of these three surgical procedures had no obvious effect on humoral orcellular immune function in children, and could effectively treat children OSAHS.
Adenoidectomy ; Antibodies ; blood ; Child ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Humoral ; Palatine Tonsil ; pathology ; Polysomnography ; Postoperative Period ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; immunology ; surgery ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; cytology ; Tonsillectomy

Objective To simultaneously determine the quantify liquiritin, glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhizic acid inXianlong-Jiedu Yin by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE).Methods HPCE method was performed on a fused silica capillary coates 75μm×85 cm (effective column length 78.5 cm) using 50 mmol/L borax solution-acetonitrile (95:5), with adjusted pH=8.50 as running buffer, lytical 22 kV, and electrokinetic injection 10 s, detected wave length of 254 nm, and temprature maintaining 25℃.Results The liquiritin, glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhizic acid were completely separated within 30 minutes, showing good linear relationship in the range of 12-120, 15-150, 8-160μg/ml (r>0.999 3). The average recoveries were 100.70%, 98.51%, 98.40% withRSD 2.49%, 2.79%, 0.40%, respectively.Conclusions The HPCE was suitable for the determination of liquiritin, glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhizic acid inXianLong-JieDu Yin, which can be used for the quality control.

OBJECTIVE:To study antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Paeonia lactiflora (CREt) and different polar parts in vitro. METHODS:CREt was prepared with 95% ethanol. CREt (extracted by 50% ethanal) was extracted with aether petrolei,acetic ether and n-butyl alcohol to obtain aether petrolei part (CRP part),acetic ether part (CRE part),n-butyl alcohol part(CRB part)and water part(CRW part). The ability of CREt and different polar parts eliminating DPPH·,O2-· and ·OH were investigated (mass concentrations of CREt and different polar parts were respectively 0.75-12,0.5-6,1.25-15 mg/ml in above 3 tests) and compared with ascorbic acid (VC,0.2 mg/ml) group. RESULTS:The maximum elimination rate of CREt to DPPH·, ·OH and O2-· were(97.55±0.25)%,(81.45±0.20)% and(75.28±0.41)%,IC50 were 1.629,1.789 and 5.268 mg/ml;those of CRE part to those radicals were (82.54 ± 0.36)%,(77.74 ± 0.42)% and (72.16 ± 0.73)%,IC50 were 2.481,1.918 and 6.005 mg/ml;that of CRB part to ·OH reached to(62.53±0.83)%,IC50 was 7.232 mg/ml,but to DPPH·、O2-· were less than 45%;those of CRP part and CRW part to those radicals were all lower than 40%. Each part could eliminate 3 radicals in dose-dependent manner,but were all poorer than VC group,with statistical significance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The CREt and CRE part show strongest antioxidant activities in vitro,and other parts have weak antioxidant effect.

Objective To know the correlation about PetCO_2 and PaCO_2, the meanings of PetCO_2monitoring in respiratory failure patients with mechanical ventilation, and then summarize the related nurs-ing points. Methods Divided 112 patients in ICU into the A group(58 eases) and the B group(54 cas-es) according to their station of hemodynamics. Mechanical ventilation were used in both the two groups,PetCO_2 and PaCO_2 were monitored at the same time, and then observed the correlation of PetCO_2 and Pa-CO_2 in both the two groups. Results There was a significant corrlation in the A group about PetCO_2 and PaCO_2, while the correlation in the B group was not significant. Conclusions PetCO_2 and PaCO_2 had sat-isfactory corrlation in patients with stable hemedynamies, PetCO_2 monitoring can take place of PaCO_2 in these patients with its sensitive, atraumatic, consecutive and convient merits.

Objective To study activation effect of a natural compound baicalein on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR) chloride channel.Methods A cell-based fluorescence assay was used to determine CFTR-mediate iodide influx rate/dt(mmol?L-1?s-1)] activated by baicalein(the concentrations were 0.18,0.55,1.65,5,15,44,133 and 400 ?mol?L-1).Results The Ka of flavonoid baicalein stimulating CFTR was about 16 ?mol?L-1.The half of maximal activity was reached in ten minutes and the activation disappeared in 20 min after baicalein was washed out.The activation of baicalein was not affected obviously under different concentrations of Forsklin(0,20,50 and 100 nmol?L-1)and the activation could be totally inhibited by CFTRinh-172.Conclusion Baicalein can stimulate CFTR-mediated iodide influx in a dose-dependent way and its activity manifests a rapid and reversible characteristic.It might work in both elevating CFTR protein phosphorylation and direct binding way.