This article was aimed to study the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine Kun-Bao-W an (KBW) on sleep disorders among ovariectomized mice. A total of 60 female KM of adult mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were the sham-operated group, model group, diazepam group, and KBW group, with 15 rats in each group. Rats in the sham-operated group were only removed small amount of fatty tissue around the ovaries. Bilateral oophorectomy was given on mice in other groups. In the KBW group, 28 days after the operation, KBW was intragastrically administered (1.667 g·kg-1) every day for 28 days. Mice in the diazepam group were intragas-trically administered (1.25 g·kg-1) 1 h before testing. The observation was made on effects of KBW on locomotor activity, sleeping time of mice induced by pentobarbital sodium and the organ coefficients of uterus. The results showed that compared with sham-operated group, locomotor activity and rearing behavior increased obviously in the model group (P < 0.01). The diazepam group can significantly reduce locomotor activity in ovariectomized mice (P < 0.01), and decrease the number of rearing behavior mildly with no statistical difference. KBW can reduce lo-comotor activity mildly but without effect on rearing behavior in ovariectomized mice. Diazepam can markedly pro-long the pentobarbital sleep time in ovariectomized mice (P < 0.01). KBW can prolong the pentobarbital sleep time and shorten the process of falling into sleep mildly with no statistical difference. There was no significant ef-fect on organ coefficients of uterus in ovariectomized mice by KBW or diazepam. It was concluded that KBW had mild effect on improving sleep disorders in ovariectomized mice.

This article was aimed to study the sedative and hypnotic effects of different eluents of Shuangxiatang (SXT). The effects of SXT water decoction, water eluent, 20%, 70% and 95% alcohol eluent on spontaneous ac-tivity and the sleeping induced by subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium were measured. The results showed that the SXT decoction, 20% and 95% alcohol eluent can significantly decrease the number of rearing in mice with the percentage of 78.5%, 78.3% and 62.5%, respectively. SXT water eluent and 70% alcohol eluent can significantly decrease the spontaneous activity of mice (P < 0.01), the number of rearing (P < 0.01) and grooming time (P < 0.05). SXT water decoction can significantly shorten sleep latency (P < 0.05), prolong sleep time (P <0.05), and increase rates of sleeping in mice. SXT water eluent can significantly shorten sleep latency in mice (P< 0.05), increase rates of sleeping in mice. SXT water decoction and water eluent have the sedative and hypnotic effects. And the effects are more than alcohol eluents.

This study was aimed to observe the improvement of Qiju Runmu Tie (QRT) on experimental dry eye syndrome in rats. The fourth day after the bleomycin hydrochloride (8 g·mL-1) was injected into the intraorbital lacrimal gland (0.06 mL) and extraorbital lacrimal gland (0.12 mL), QRT of large, medium, and small dosage (0.276 g·mL-1, 0.138 g·mL-1, 0.069 g·mL-1) was applied on rat's eyes continuously for 10 days, once a day, 1 hour every time. Rats in the control group and model group were applied with a patch containing distilled water in the same operation. The tear secretions, time of tear film break-up and pathological changes of lacrimal gland were observed from the eleventh day to the thirteenth day after injection. The results showed that compared with the control group, bleomycin hydrochloride can induce atrophy of lacrimal gland, hyperplasia and decrease bubbly mucus in the acinar lumina, significant reduce of tear secretion, and significant shorten the time of tear film break-up. Compared with the model group, QRT can significantly increase the amount of tear secretion (P <0.05), extend the tear film break-up time (P < 0.01). And the medium dosage of QRT can obviously reduce lacrimal gland tissue injury. It was concluded that external application of QRT can improve symptoms of experi-mental dry eye syndrome in rats.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) and possible influencing factors during 0-7 days postpartum in China.

METHODSDuring 2011 to 2013, healthy mothers and neonates who were in the period of 0- 7 days postpartum from 8 provinces across different regions of China were recruited to take the questionnaire investigations and physical examinations. Information about socio-economic, pregnant, and delivery status, infant healthy situation and feeding indicators was collected to calculate the rate of exclusive breastfeeding during 0- 7 days postpartum and analyze the influencing factors.

RESULTSA total of 1 882 pairs of mothers and neonates were covered by this study. The rate of EBF was 13.3% (250 cases) during 0- 7 days postpartum. Bottle feeding (OR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.05- 0.12), the mothers themselves mixed fed at their 0-4 months old (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.08-0.58), the mothers who had used methods to stimulate milk secretion (OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.35- 0.94) might decrease the EBF rate. Compared with the mothers who believed that their breast milk was not enough for their infants, the mothers who believed breastmilk was enough may increase the EBF rate (OR=6.04, 95%CI: 3.34-10.94). Comparing to the EBF rate of Beijing, Yunnan (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.04-0.24), and Gansu(OR=0.03,95%CI: 0.01-0.08) had lower EBF rate during 0-7 days postpartum. What's more, the EBF rate increased with the increasing neonates' age (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.16- 1.53).

CONCLUSIONThe EBF rate during 0- 7 days postpartum is still low in China and had significant differences in different regions. Suboptimal feeding knowledge and practices affected the EBF rate significantly.

Bottle Feeding ; Breast Feeding ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires