This article was aimed to study the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine Kun-Bao-W an (KBW) on sleep disorders among ovariectomized mice. A total of 60 female KM of adult mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were the sham-operated group, model group, diazepam group, and KBW group, with 15 rats in each group. Rats in the sham-operated group were only removed small amount of fatty tissue around the ovaries. Bilateral oophorectomy was given on mice in other groups. In the KBW group, 28 days after the operation, KBW was intragastrically administered (1.667 g·kg-1) every day for 28 days. Mice in the diazepam group were intragas-trically administered (1.25 g·kg-1) 1 h before testing. The observation was made on effects of KBW on locomotor activity, sleeping time of mice induced by pentobarbital sodium and the organ coefficients of uterus. The results showed that compared with sham-operated group, locomotor activity and rearing behavior increased obviously in the model group (P < 0.01). The diazepam group can significantly reduce locomotor activity in ovariectomized mice (P < 0.01), and decrease the number of rearing behavior mildly with no statistical difference. KBW can reduce lo-comotor activity mildly but without effect on rearing behavior in ovariectomized mice. Diazepam can markedly pro-long the pentobarbital sleep time in ovariectomized mice (P < 0.01). KBW can prolong the pentobarbital sleep time and shorten the process of falling into sleep mildly with no statistical difference. There was no significant ef-fect on organ coefficients of uterus in ovariectomized mice by KBW or diazepam. It was concluded that KBW had mild effect on improving sleep disorders in ovariectomized mice.

This article was aimed to study the sedative and hypnotic effects of different eluents of Shuangxiatang (SXT). The effects of SXT water decoction, water eluent, 20%, 70% and 95% alcohol eluent on spontaneous ac-tivity and the sleeping induced by subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium were measured. The results showed that the SXT decoction, 20% and 95% alcohol eluent can significantly decrease the number of rearing in mice with the percentage of 78.5%, 78.3% and 62.5%, respectively. SXT water eluent and 70% alcohol eluent can significantly decrease the spontaneous activity of mice (P < 0.01), the number of rearing (P < 0.01) and grooming time (P < 0.05). SXT water decoction can significantly shorten sleep latency (P < 0.05), prolong sleep time (P <0.05), and increase rates of sleeping in mice. SXT water eluent can significantly shorten sleep latency in mice (P< 0.05), increase rates of sleeping in mice. SXT water decoction and water eluent have the sedative and hypnotic effects. And the effects are more than alcohol eluents.

This study was aimed to observe the improvement of Qiju Runmu Tie (QRT) on experimental dry eye syndrome in rats. The fourth day after the bleomycin hydrochloride (8 g·mL-1) was injected into the intraorbital lacrimal gland (0.06 mL) and extraorbital lacrimal gland (0.12 mL), QRT of large, medium, and small dosage (0.276 g·mL-1, 0.138 g·mL-1, 0.069 g·mL-1) was applied on rat's eyes continuously for 10 days, once a day, 1 hour every time. Rats in the control group and model group were applied with a patch containing distilled water in the same operation. The tear secretions, time of tear film break-up and pathological changes of lacrimal gland were observed from the eleventh day to the thirteenth day after injection. The results showed that compared with the control group, bleomycin hydrochloride can induce atrophy of lacrimal gland, hyperplasia and decrease bubbly mucus in the acinar lumina, significant reduce of tear secretion, and significant shorten the time of tear film break-up. Compared with the model group, QRT can significantly increase the amount of tear secretion (P <0.05), extend the tear film break-up time (P < 0.01). And the medium dosage of QRT can obviously reduce lacrimal gland tissue injury. It was concluded that external application of QRT can improve symptoms of experi-mental dry eye syndrome in rats.

Objective To visually analyze the Chinese and English literature in the research field of Cistanches Herba through bibliometrics;To understand the research status and hotspots of Cistanches Herba;To provide reference for the related research.Methods Literature related to Cistanches Herba in CNKI and Web of Science core databases from January 1,2002 to December 31,2022 was retrieved.VOSviewer 1.6.18 was used for co-occurrence clustering and temporal overlay analysis of authors and keywords,while CiteSpace 6.1.R2 was used for keyword burst analysis.Results Totally 1 631 articles were included,including 1 481 Chinese articles and 150 English articles,and the overall number of publications was on the rise.This field has formed research teams represented by Guo Yuhai from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Tu Pengfei from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and Chen Jun and Xu Rong from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.High frequency keywords included Cistanches Herba,echinoside,phenylethanolside,high performance liquid chromatography,cistanche polysaccharide,artificial cultivation,anti-fatigue,etc.Conclusion The research in this field mainly focuses on TCM therapy,clinical study,etiology and pathogenesis.Network pharmacology,molecular biology,data mining and so on may become the focus of future research of Cistanches Herba.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) and possible influencing factors during 0-7 days postpartum in China.

METHODSDuring 2011 to 2013, healthy mothers and neonates who were in the period of 0- 7 days postpartum from 8 provinces across different regions of China were recruited to take the questionnaire investigations and physical examinations. Information about socio-economic, pregnant, and delivery status, infant healthy situation and feeding indicators was collected to calculate the rate of exclusive breastfeeding during 0- 7 days postpartum and analyze the influencing factors.

RESULTSA total of 1 882 pairs of mothers and neonates were covered by this study. The rate of EBF was 13.3% (250 cases) during 0- 7 days postpartum. Bottle feeding (OR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.05- 0.12), the mothers themselves mixed fed at their 0-4 months old (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.08-0.58), the mothers who had used methods to stimulate milk secretion (OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.35- 0.94) might decrease the EBF rate. Compared with the mothers who believed that their breast milk was not enough for their infants, the mothers who believed breastmilk was enough may increase the EBF rate (OR=6.04, 95%CI: 3.34-10.94). Comparing to the EBF rate of Beijing, Yunnan (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.04-0.24), and Gansu(OR=0.03,95%CI: 0.01-0.08) had lower EBF rate during 0-7 days postpartum. What's more, the EBF rate increased with the increasing neonates' age (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.16- 1.53).

CONCLUSIONThe EBF rate during 0- 7 days postpartum is still low in China and had significant differences in different regions. Suboptimal feeding knowledge and practices affected the EBF rate significantly.

Bottle Feeding ; Breast Feeding ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To investigate the mechanism of gastrodin for inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammation after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in neonatal rats.Methods Thirty-nine 3-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into sham group,HIBD group and gastrodin treatment group.Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the corpus callosum of the rats.The potential targets of gastrodin for treatment of HIBD were screened by network pharmacology analysis.The expressions of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins following HIBD-induced microglial activation in the rats and in cultured microglial BV-2 cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)were detected with Western blotting.The effects of LY294002(a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway)and gastrodin on TNF-α and TGF-β1 mRNA levels in BV-2 cells with OGD was detected with RT-qPCR.Results In the neonatal rats with HIBD,gastrodin treatment significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-1β expressions and enhanced IL-10 and TGF-β1 expressions in the ischemic corpus callosum.Network pharmacology analysis showed significant enrichment of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and a strong binding between gastrodin and PI3K.Gastrodin significantly promoted PI3K and AKT phosphorylation in neonatal rats with HIBD and in BV-2 cells exposed to OGD.In BV-2 cells with OGD,gastrodin obviously suppressed OGD-induced increase of TNF-α and reduction of TGF-β1 mRNA expressions,and this effect was strongly attenuated by LY294002 treatment.Conclusion Gastrodin can inhibit microglia-mediated inflammation in neonatal rats with HIBD by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of gastrodin for inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammation after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in neonatal rats.Methods Thirty-nine 3-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into sham group,HIBD group and gastrodin treatment group.Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the corpus callosum of the rats.The potential targets of gastrodin for treatment of HIBD were screened by network pharmacology analysis.The expressions of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins following HIBD-induced microglial activation in the rats and in cultured microglial BV-2 cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)were detected with Western blotting.The effects of LY294002(a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway)and gastrodin on TNF-α and TGF-β1 mRNA levels in BV-2 cells with OGD was detected with RT-qPCR.Results In the neonatal rats with HIBD,gastrodin treatment significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-1β expressions and enhanced IL-10 and TGF-β1 expressions in the ischemic corpus callosum.Network pharmacology analysis showed significant enrichment of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and a strong binding between gastrodin and PI3K.Gastrodin significantly promoted PI3K and AKT phosphorylation in neonatal rats with HIBD and in BV-2 cells exposed to OGD.In BV-2 cells with OGD,gastrodin obviously suppressed OGD-induced increase of TNF-α and reduction of TGF-β1 mRNA expressions,and this effect was strongly attenuated by LY294002 treatment.Conclusion Gastrodin can inhibit microglia-mediated inflammation in neonatal rats with HIBD by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of a 6-month Ba Duan Jin exercise program in improving the balance of community-dwelling older adults.Methods:A two arms, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 1 028 community residents aged 60-80 years in 40 communities in 5 provinces of China. Participants in the intervention group (20 communities, 523 people) received Ba Duan Jin exercise 5 days/week, 1 hour/day for 6 months, and three times of falls prevention health education, and the control group (20 communities, 505 people) received falls prevention health education same as the intervention group. The Berg balance scale (BBS) score was the leading outcome indicator, and the secondary outcome indicators included the length of time of standing on one foot (with eyes open and closed), standing in a tandem stance (with eyes open and closed), the closed circle test, and the timed up to test.Results:A total of 1 028 participants were included in the final analysis, including 731 women (71.11%) and 297 men (28.89%), and the age was (69.87±5.67) years. After the 3-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 3.05 (95% CI: 2.23-3.88) points ( P<0.001). After the 6-month intervention, compared with the baseline data, the BBS score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group by 4.70 (95% CI: 4.03-5.37) points ( P<0.001). Ba Duan Jin showed significant improvement ( P<0.05) in all secondary outcomes after 6 months of exercise in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions:This study showed that Ba Duan Jin exercise can improve balance in community-dwelling older adults aged 60-80. The longer the exercise time, the better the improvement.