Objective To investigate the effects of Gymnema Sylvestre on glucose-lipid metabolism and adipo-cytokines in T2 DM Rats. Methods The T2 DM rats induced by high lipid diet and small dosage intraperitoneal injection of STZ, were randomly divided into model group (DM), high dose GS group (GSH),low dose GS group (GSL) and pioglitazone group (Pio, n= 8 in each). Each group has a DM inserted by gavage.Four weeks later, the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin (INS), blood lipid (TG, CHOL, HDL and LDL), free fatty acdi (FFA), TNF-α, C-reactive protein (CRP)and adiponcetin(ADPN) were detected.Results Compare to model group, the levels of FBG, INS, Blood lipid, FFA, TNF-α and CRP were decreased in GSH and Pioglitazone groups, adiponcetin were increased in GSH and Pioglitazone groups, except in GSL group. Conclusion GS can improve the glucose-lipid metabolism disorder and insulin resistance in type 2diabetic mellitus rats. The mechanisms may be the amelioration of inflammatory response and adipocytokines,but still need further study to prove the conclusions.

Objective: To observe the effects of Tangnaikang (TNK), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in obese Zucker rats. Methods: Twelve male obese Zucker rats, 6 weeks old, were randomly divided into control group and TNK group (3.24 g/kg) after being fed for 2 weeks. All rats received high-fat diet and 4-week treatment. Body weight and blood glucose were tested every week. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and fasting insulin level was tested on days 0, 14 and 28. Triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and free fatty acids (FFA) were tested on day 28. Glucose infusion rate (GIR) was tested by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp from day 29. The protein expressions of protein kinase B (Akt), phospho-Akt (p-Akt) (Thr308) and glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle and GLUT4 in adipose tissue were measured after hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp test. Results: Compared with the control group, the fed blood glucose level and glucose level of OGTT at 120 min had a significant decline in TNK group on day 28, and TNK caused no alteration of the fasting serum insulin, and the GIR increased significantly in hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study. Furthermore, TNK increased Akt and p-Akt (Thr308) protein expressions in skeletal muscle and decreased the protein expression of GLUT4 in white adipose tissue. Body weight, and triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C and FFA contents were slightly decreased in the TNK group, but there were no statistically significant effects. Conclusion: TNK increases the protein expressions of Akt and p-Akt (Thr308) of the signal transduction pathway to influence the translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and improves glucose metabolism by reducing insulin resistance.

Objective To investigated the effect of TangNaiKang (TNK) on VEGF protein expression of GK rats Thoracic aorta. Methods 51 male GK rats were divided into five groups randomly: model group, pioglitazone group, and TNK treatment group (low, immediate and high dose). Another 10 male Wistar rats were served as normal control group. GK rats were fed with high-grease forage, while normal control group was fed with a standard diet. Fasting blood glucose, general HE staining and VEGF protein expression were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The fasting glucose had a significant decline in TNK treatment groups. HE staining showing TNK can ameliorate intima thickness, reduce hyperplasia of shallow vascular smooth muscle cell, and improve wavy and plexiform arrangement of elastic lamina. Immunohistochemistry also showed that TNK decreased VEGF protein expression of great vessels. Conclusion TangNaiKang can prevent and cure diabetic vascular complication of GK rats.