OBJECTIVE: To study the tissues distribution of lung targeting Doxorubicin microspheres in mice. METHODS: doxorubicin microspheres were prepared by emulsification-linkage method, and their characteristics was studied. The tissue distribution of doxorubicin microspheres was investigated via caudal vein injection in mice by high performance liquid chromatography. And the targeting character of microspheres was evaluated. RESULTS: Doxorubicin microspheres were orange and regular. Microspheres with diameters of 5 - 15 μm occupied 85.5%, and the loading amount was 4.05%. The re, te and Ce of doxorubicin microspheres was 2.21 times, 1.97 -3.36 times and 1.68 times larger than those of doxorubicin control solution. And the tissue section also indicated that there were more microspheres in the lung tissue. CONCLUSION: Doxorubicin microspheres can target at the lung tissue of miceand reduce the accumulation in heart, which can improve curative effects and reduce toxicity. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Female ; Genes, p16 ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Leiomyoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Leiomyosarcoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Smooth Muscle Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Uterine Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

AIDS has become a global disease,and a variety of drugs are used in the treatment of AIDS ,but the interindividual variabilities in efficacy and toxicity remain important limitations for the use of these drugs.Studies have shown genetic polymor-phism is the main reason for interindividual variabilities of drug reaction.In recent years,scholars focused on the pharmacog-enomics of anti-AIDS drugs and found that genetic polymor-phisms,in large part,determine the interindividual variabilities of the responese of these drugs.This paper reviews the research progress on pharmacogenomics of the four types of anti-AIDS drugs commonly used in China,including nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs),non-nucleoside reverse tran-scriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs),protease inhibitors (PIs)and integrase inhibitors (raltegravir).

Microglia is the most important immune cell in the central nervous system.It plays a key role in mediating the immune response in the central nervous system.Sterile inflammation is the key factor in the pathophysiological process following ischemic stroke.Microglia is activated and induces a series of inflammatory signals through binding of injuring related ligands to their corresponding receptors.This article introduces the activation of microglia and inflammatory response after ischemic stroke from Toll-like receptors,inflammasome,cytokine receptors,Notch signaling and other signaling pathways.

Objective To observe the changes of neural stem cells(NSCs) in subventricular in developing human fetal brain at(diffe)-rent ages.Methods Thirty cases of embryoes at gestational age 24-28 weeks induced by labor with water bag were collected to determin distribution,shapes and growth modes in subventricular with hybridization in situ under light microscope.Results NSCs expressing Nestin mRNA existed in subventricular from human fetal brain at different ages,NSCs existed in subventricular of different fetal age included astro-NSCs,each had enations from 3 to 6,and all projections crowded together into a reticular plexiform,in which NSCs districuted.Nucli were round in shape,each had nucleoli from 1 to 4.NSCs had rarefaction chromatin,most NSCs existed in a single growth mode,symmetral cleavage growth mode and clony with 3 NSCs would be seen.There were no differences between positive Nestin mRNA NSCs in distribution and cell shapes,but had differences in growth mode.Conclusion NSCs exist in subventricular from different gestational ages and their growth mode are changing with difference of gestational age.

Objective To explore a precise and dependable method for determining neural stem cells(NSCs)in hippocampus from human fetal brain.Methods Ten cases of embryo at gestational age 32 weeks and induction of labor with water bag were collected,affused and sliced including frost slice and paraffin slice for determining alteration of tissue and NSCs in hippocampus from human fetal brain with HE stain and immunohistochemical staining under light microscope.Results Nestin proteins located in NSCs and the number of NSCs were less in paraffin slice of tissue than those in frost slice.Integrality of structure of tissues and cells in paraffin slice excelled in frost slice.Conclusions There is a precise and dependable method including induction of labor with water bag and allusion and frost slice,which is necessary for wide useness in study of NSCs in human fetal brain.

Objective To observe the correlation between nuclear factor ?B(NF-?B) expression and apoptosis after hypoxia-ischemia brain damage(HIBD).Methods Forty-eight 7-day newborn Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (n=24) and HI group (n=24).The expression of NF-?B in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemical techniques.The apoptosis of the hippocampal cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated 2-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL)straining.Results The expression of NF-?B in hippocampal cells increased at 6 h after HIBD,peaked at 48 h,and lasted till 72 h when compared with control group(Pa

Objective To explore the feasibility of language sample analysis in assessment of language development in children in order to provide evidences for its clinical application. Methods The study population consisted of a cross-sectional sample of 50 preschool Putonghua-speaking children aged 4 to 6 years. The data on measurement of utterance length (MLU) and lexical diversity (D) were computed from 20 minutes' conversational language samples, and correlation analysis was conducted among MLU, D, age, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT). Splited sample analysis by comparing MLU of first one hundred utterances and MLU of last one hundred utterance, D of odd lexicals and D of even lexicals were conducted to test the validity of language sample indictors. Results MLU and D development of the preschool Putonghua-speaking children were positively related to age. MLU, D, age, verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and PPVT were associated with each other (P<0.05 or P≤0.01) except age and VIQ(P>0.05). There were significant correlations between MLU of first one hundred utterances and MLU of last one hundred utterances and between D of odd lexicals and D of even lexicals(P=0.000). Conelusion Language sample analysis proves to be feasible in assessment of language development in preschool children aged 4 to 6 years.

Objective To survey on present situation of medical students' study style and to provide references to improve the development of study style. Methods Totally 512 undergraduate stu-dents of one medical university in Tianjing were asked to fill the questionnaire by themselves. Main con-tents of the questionnaire included study targets,study attitudes,study methods,teaching level,teaching equipments,school training system and management system,etc. Epidata3.02 was used to accomplish data entry and SPSS software was used to do statistical analysis. The data were described by percentage. Results More than 50.0% students took attending post-graduate examination,passing college English test band 4 and band 6 and getting diploma as main study purposes. 81.96%(404/499)medical stu-dents spent their spare time on study by themselves. 98.40%(491/499)students took notes in class,while only 8.62%(43/499)students often discussed questions with their teachers after class. 70.54%students said that they ever attended academic lectures organized by college and achieved benefits from them. 40.88%(204/499)students were highly eager to win scholarship. More than half of the students took gloomy atti-tude towards getting a job and this phenomenon should cause educators' attention. 78.56%(392/499 ) students held the opinion that medical professional teachers have higher teaching level and 26.65%(133/499 ) students thought that college's teaching equipments should be improved . Conclusions Following aspects should be emphasized in order to further strengthen and improve medical students' study style:making further efforts to arouse students' study initiative,playing the leading role of teach-ers and promoting study style by promoting teaching style,improving rules and regulations of study style development and strengthening college's hardware construction.

A method has been developed for the determination of tellurium(Te) in soil by hydride generation(HG) atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS) based on dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma as low-temperature atomizer. The samples were dissolved by aqua regior acid without matrix separation. The characteristics of the DBD atomizer and the effects of different experimental parameters, such as discharge power, flow rates of discharge gas and AFS carrier gas, lamp current, negative high voltage, observation height, KBH4 concentration and acid medium on the determination were studied and the analytical performances of the present method were evaluated. The detection limit of Te was 0.08 μg/L. The linear range was from 0.5 to 80 μg/L. Recoveries of spiked sample was from 90% to 103 %. The accuracy of this method was verified by the determination of Te in the reference materials. The results agreed well with the reference values.