The oculocardiac reflex (OCR) occurs in up to 90% of ophthalmological surgeries,while most of the clinicians consider the performance of OCR is just bradycardia and arrhythmia and therefore ignore other system manifestation such as oculorespiratory reflex( ORR) and oculo-emetic reflex(OER),and so on.OCR appears not only in ophthalmological surgeries,and it also occurs during the endoscopic sinus surgery.A unstable bradycardia associated with stimulation of the mandibular division of cranial nerve V during trigeminal neuralgia pain treatment is also reported.This phenomenon is mostly introduced only as clinical manifestations.Therefore,it is helpful for us to understand the essential characteristic of OCR.The embryonic,anatomy,physiology and electrophysiology were reviewed in this article and thought to term it as oculovagal reflex is more comprehensive.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ (DPP-Ⅳ/CD26,EC 3.4.14.5),a transmembrane serine polypeptidase,is widely distributed and has diverse effects.As a dipeptidase,DPP-Ⅳ/CD26 could not only regulate the activity of many peptide hormones,neuropeptides,cytokines and growth factors via its peptidase function,but also mediate cell-matrix and cell-cell contact through interactions with other molecules or proteins as a surface antigen.DPP-Ⅳ/CD26 plays a regulatory role in immune activation,inflammation and tumorigenesis.This review covers the structure,distribution,physiological functions and changes in pathological state of Dpp-Ⅳ/CD26.

The establishment of cerebral collateral circulation is a secondary compensatory mechanism after cerebral ischemia.The expression of endogenous angiogenic growth factors is up regulated,angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are initiated,and the establishment of collateral circulation is accelerated after cerebral ischemia.Some drugs may promote the establishment of collateral circulation after ischemic stroke and improve the prognosis of patients.

Mechanical ventilation plays an important role in the treatment of preterm infants,especially respiratory problems.With improvement in both antenatal and neonatal care and therapeutic strategies,premature babies are surviving more than ever.However,the incidence of bronchpulmonary dysplasia remains high which affects the clihical outcomes of premature infants.Non-invasive respiratory support techniques have been used in attempts to decrease lung injury and the complications of preterm infants.This review will focus on various ventilation modalities for managing preterm infants with respiratory failure and lung protective ventilation strategies to minimize lung injury in preterm infants.

ObjectiveTo develop the group intelligence scale for Military Personnel ( Part B),and examining its reliability and validity of the scale.MethodsFollowing the intellectual shock theory,crystal and fluid intelligence theory,the group intelligence Scale for Military Personnel (Part B) had been constructed,which including two subscales,each subscale was divided into two subtests.The data was collected in 1200 military personnel who were chosen by random cluster sampling,then employing SPSS17.0 and AMOS7.0 for item analysis,reliability and validity,analysis of confirmatory factor.Resultsthe subtests' average index of difficulty was 0.55 ( 0.42 ～0.75 ) ; Discrimination index was 0.44 (0.33 ～ 0.52) ; the test-retest reliability between subtests and total scale ranged from 0.796 to 0.891 ; Cronbachs'a coefficient ranged from 0.619 to 0.892; and the split-half reliability ranged from 0.538 to 0.844; exploratory factor analysis revealed that four factors of the scale (including normal knowledge and generalizability,insight and word explain,picture completion and figure inference) could explain 59.067％ of total variance.Furthermore,analysis of confirmatory factor indicated that the four factors model established in the present study fitted the sample data well.ConclusionThe item analysis,reliability and validity of the newly developed group intelligence scale for military personnel (part B) can meet the basic requirements of psychometrics.

Objective To determine the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in detecting the primary origin of cancer of unknown primary (CUP).Methods A total of 48 patients (age range 41-82 years,mean age of 57±16 years, 20 females) were retrospectively selected. All patients were diagnosed as CUP and were examined by 18F-FDG PET-CT scan.The patients were divided into cervical lymph node metastasis group (28 cases) and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis group (20 cases) according to different metastasis site.Sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET-CT to detect primary tumor site was compared between these two groups.Results 18F-FDG PET-CT detected primary tumors in 32 of 48 patients (66.7 ％), the cervical lymph node metastasis tumors in 22 of 28 patients (78.6 ％), and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis tumors in 10 of 20 patients (50.0 ％).There was significant difference between cervical lymph node metastasis group and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis group (x2 =4.286,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT has a high sensitivity to detect primary origin of CUP,especially for patients with cervical lymph node metastasis.

Objective:To study the Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum ( SERS) of cefalexin, cefadroxil and cephradine, and analyze the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three compounds under different pH conditions. Methods:The Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three compounds under different pH conditions were detected and measured by a portable Raman spectroscopy. Results: The results showed that the three compounds could exhibit characteristic peak information in the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy corresponding to that in the normal Raman spectrum, and the pH values had certain impact on the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three substances. Conclusion: Both the Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of cefalexin, cefadroxil and cephradine reflect certain fingerprint characteristics, and it is feasible to use Raman scattering method to identify the three cephalosporins.

BACKGROUND: Studies on encapsulated whole cel protein antigen ofHelicobacter pylori are stil at the exploration stage. There is limited literature concerning the preparation process andin vitro release characteristics of chitosan microspheres encapsulated with whole cel protein antigen ofHelicobacter pylori. OBJECTIVE:To explore the preparation process andin vitrorelease characteristics of chitosan microspheres encapsulating whole cel protein antigen ofHelicobacter pylori. METHODS: Precipitation method was used to prepare chitosan microspheres, and the best preparation process, matching and encapsulation time were screened. Under electron microscope, the morphology and particle size of microspheres were observed. Chitosan microspheres were used to encapsulateHelicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen, and BCA method was used to determine encapsulation efficiency, encapsulation content and release efficiency in vitro of Helicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Final concentration of 1% glacial acetic acid, sodium sulfate as crosslinking agent, pH=5.0, with no pulverization when the crosslinking agent was added was the best preparation process for chitosan microspheres. Electron microscopy showed the smooth surface morphology of microspheres with roundness and good dispersion, and the majority of the microspheres were 1-5 μm in diameter. The encapsulation efficiency ofHelicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen microspheres was 80.4%, the encapsulated amount was 16.4%, and total 48-hour release rate was 19.4%.Helicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen microspheres showed an overal slow release status. Chitosan microspheres show good encapsulation efficiency and amount ofHelicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen, and Helicobacter pylori total bacteria protein antigen microspheres show an overal slow release status.

Objective To understand the relationship between coagulation function and birth weight and gestational age in newborn. Methods Five hundred premature infants in NICU from June 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled. Perinatal high-risk factors(gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, placenta previa, spontaneous premature delivery) and general status (gestational age, sex, delivery mode, birth weight)were documented. Blood coagulation function (PT, APTT, FDP, DD, FIB, AT-Ⅲ) was detected within 6 h after birth. The premature infants were divided into three groups according to gestational age, early preterm neonate group (28-30+6 weeks, 48 cases), moderate preterm neonate group (31-33+6 weeks, 125 cases), and late preterm neonate group (34-36+6 weeks, 216 cases). And there were 111 term infants (37- 42 weeks, 111 cases). In addition , the relation between birth weight and coagulation function was analyzed. Sixty-six twins were collected and divided into tow groups according to their weight, the-lighter group and the-heavier group. The coagulation function was analyzed and compared among different gestational age groups. Results There were no differences in perinatal risk factors (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in various coagulation parameters among three groups [APTT: (93.25 ± 21.34), (82.80 ± 21.37), (78.29 ± 17.77), (62.03 ± 13.7) s;FIB: (1.95 ± 0.96), (1.67 ± 0.60), (1.51 ± 2.44), (1.40 ± 0.85) g/L; DD: (2.11 ± 0.64), (1.02 ± 0.33), (0.66 ± 0.31), (0.51 ± 0.25) mg/L;AT-Ⅲ:(25.89 ± 11.80)%, (33.86 ± 11.40)%, (36.65 ± 13.60)%, (45.18 ± 14.82)%] (P<0.05). The levels of APTT, FDP, DD tended to decrease with the increasing of gestational age. The level of FIB and AT-Ⅲtended to increase with the increasing of gestational age. Correlation analysis showed that the levels of APTT, FDP, and DD were negatively correlated with gestational age (P<0.05) and the levels of FIB and AT-Ⅲwere positively correlated with gestational age (P<0.05). In the twins group, no significant difference was showed in different weight (P > 0.05). Conclusions The coagulation function in early life in premature infants is associated with gestational age, and has no relationship with birth weight. The coagulation function of premature infants is in a changing and gradually mature process, which should be monitored dynamically.

Objective: To explore the Influence of ethics education on ethical beliefs of dual relationship of trainees who attend training of psychological consultation.Methods: Use of questionnaire,written and directed by "psychological counseling and treatment of ethical issues questionnaire(trainee attending psychological consultation training)" as a tool to evaluate,within the framework of Guangdong 368 trainees to investigate.Results: Compared with two groups of trainees,in refer to the ethical beliefs of dual relationship,the latter group who has a higher option of "not sure" shows varying degrees of decline in most of the items in the questionnaire.Two teams of trainees reach an identity of 80% or more(10 items in total) in the ethical judgment of dual relationship(choose "not").Two groups show significant differences in judging 5 items of the entries(p