Objective To compare the clinical effects of remifentanil combined with sevoflurane or with isoflurane in elderly patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for cancer and their recovery.Methods Sixty-two patients,who scheduled for radical gastrectomy for cancer was randomly divided into remifentanil combined with sevoflurane group ( SR group,n =31 ) and remifentanil combined with isoflurane group ( IR group,n =31 ).They were classified into American Society of Anesthesiology(ASA) physical status Ⅱ and ,The procedure of two Anesthesia was same,in which remifentanil was continually pumped into at the same velocity using micro pump immediately after intubation,tili the target density in plasma increased to 6 μg/L.Sevoflurane at 1.5％ to 2.0％ was inhaled in the SR group,whereas isoflurane at 1％ to 2％ in the IR group.The inhalation was ended at 5 mins before the surgery was completed,Remifentanil was stopped while stuturing,and 0.1 mg of Remifentanil was injected at 20 mins before the surgery was completed.The heart rate(HR) and blood pressure were recorded at before induction of anesthesia (T0),after induction of anesthesia ( T1 ),immediate intubation ( T2 ),surgery after the start of 5 min ( T3 ),30 min (T4) and the time of surgery ( T5 ),respectively.The recovery time and extubation time,and quality score for awakening after extubation (OAAS) were also recorded.Results There were no significant differences in HR,SBP and DBP at every time points observed between the two groups.The recovery time( 10.4 ± 3.9)mins and extubation time(5.9 ± 3.1 )min in SR group was significantly shorter than that of(16.3 ± 5.8) min and (9.7 ±2.5) min in the IR group(t =6.25 and 4.19,P =0.02 and 0.01,respectively ).The OAAS after extubation in the two groups gradually increased,and immediately after extubation and extubation after 10 min,OAAS in the SR group was(4.1 ± 1.2),which was significantly higher than that of (2.9±1.0)in the IR group(t =3.27,P =0.03).Conclusion Either stevoflurane-remifentanil or isoflurane remifentanil anesthesia can be used safely in elderly patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for cancer.Anesthesia with Sevoflurane-remifentanil provides better faster recovery than isoflurane- remifentanil in elderly patients.

s Objective To assess the correlation between the features of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) in clinically significant diabetic macular edema. Design Prospective case series. Participants 102 patients(177 eyes) with clinically significant diabetic macular edema. Methods Optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography typing were done separately in a double-masked manner in each case of clinically significant macular edema. The correlation between FFA types and OCT types were analyzed, and their associations with the best visual acuity, central foveal thickness were evaluated. Main Outcome Measures The FFA features and OCT features of clinically significant diabetic macular edema, central foveal thickness, best visual acuity. Results The prevalence of focal leakage type was higher in the OCT type 1 (70.6%) than in the diffuse leakage type (27.2%) and diffuse cystoid leakage type (2.2%) of fluorescein angiography (P

Objective By comparing the biological characteristics among Lewis lung cancer cells ( LLC) , LLC or-thotopic transplantation derivative cells ( R1-LLC) and R1-LLC orthotopic transplantation derivative cells ( R2-LLC) , we e-valuate their invasion and metastatic abilities in orthotopic transplantation models.Methods In vitro, we applied CCK8, clonogenic assay, and Transwell invasion assay to detect the proliferation ability, invasion ability and morphologic structures of LLC,R1-LLC, R2-LLC cells respectively, meanwhile observing morphologic structures by transmission electron microsco-py.In vivo, we constructed LLC, R1-LLC and R2-LLC orthotopic transplantation models.Herein, we observed their tumor growth and metastasis.The tumor formation rate and tumor-forming time were recorded for statistic analysis.Results In vitro:LLC, R1-LLC and R2-LLC cells showed no significant difference in proliferation ability ( P>0.05 ) , but significant differ-ences in invasion ability:R2-LLC>R1-LLC>LLC(P<0.05).In vivo:In the orthotopic group, the tumor formation rates of LLC, R1-LLC and R2-LLC cells were 66.67%、80%、93.33%(P <0.05).Conclusions In orthotopic implantation mouse models, R2-LLC cells present higher invasion and metastatic ability than R2-LLC and LLC cells.

This paper analyzed the necessity of training of interdisciplinary and innovative think-ing for medical postgraduates and proposed many specific programs for interdisciplinary training con-struction including the building of interdisciplinary curriculum system,comprehensive experiment and communication platform,construction of interdisciplinary innovative tutor team,double or multi-tutorial system,interdisciplinary projects,et al.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of pregabalin assisting anti-histamine drugs in the treat-ment of secondary skin pruritus in uremic patients underwent maintenance hemodialysis. METHODS:140 uremic patients with sec-ondary skin pruritus underwent maintenance hemodialysis were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,with 70 cases in each group. Control group was given loratadine orally,10 mg,qd. Treatment group was additionally given pregabalin on the basis of control group,75 mg,po,at night of hemodialysis end,increasing by 75 mg every week if no obvious relief was found,maximal dose of 300 mg. Both group received 3 months of treatment. Clinical efficacy,VAG itching score,modified Duo score,PSQI score before and after treatment and the incidence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:Total effec-tive rate of treatment group (90.00%) was significantly higher than that of control group (71.43%),with statistical significance (P<0.05);VAG itching score,modified Duo score and PSQI score of treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than control group and before treatment,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Pregabalin assisting anti-histamine drugs in the treatment of secondary skin pruritus in uremic patients with maintenance hemodialysis can efficiently relieve the itching symptoms,improve sleep quality,and not increase the risk of ADR.

Objective To observe the correlation between nuclear factor ?B(NF-?B) expression and apoptosis after hypoxia-ischemia brain damage(HIBD).Methods Forty-eight 7-day newborn Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (n=24) and HI group (n=24).The expression of NF-?B in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemical techniques.The apoptosis of the hippocampal cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated 2-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL)straining.Results The expression of NF-?B in hippocampal cells increased at 6 h after HIBD,peaked at 48 h,and lasted till 72 h when compared with control group(Pa

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy on movement function of stroke patients.Methods121 cases of acute stroke were randomly divided into the rehabilitation group (n=59) and control group (n=62). Patients of the rehabilitation group were treated with Bobaths and motive relearning method. Cases of the control group were treated with ordinary rehabilitation. All patients were assessed by the clinical neural function-defect assessment, concise Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel index (MBI).ResultsThe scores of the clinical neural function-defect assessment set, FMA, and MBI of two groups were not different before treatment (P>0.05), while there was a significant improvement after treatment (P<0.01), and scores of the rehabilitation group was significantly higher than that of the control group.ConclusionComprehensive rehabilitation therapy can facilitate the function recovery, and gain a good functional prognosis to the stroke patients.

Objective To investigate the photo-toxic effects of indocyanine green (ICG) based on photodynamic therapy (PDT) on vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with ICG with different concentrations in 96-well plate. According to the dose of ICG , they were divided into 6 groups as 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μmol/L group. Each group consists of 8 wells, 4 of them were irradiated with a 810 nm laser of total power 24.0 J/cm2. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay 24 h after light irradiation. Morphological changes in cells were observed by light microscope. Results With the irradiation of 810 nm light , there was a significant decrease in relative cell viability in all groups except 0 μmol/L group (all P < 0). With the increase of concentration of ICG, the cell viability dropped rapidly (P < 0). Apoptotic changes can be seen in all groups except 0 μmol/L group and necrosis was the main change in cells of 200 μmol/L and 250 μmol/L group. Conclusion PDT with appropriate concentration of ICG has a strong inhibition to vascular endothelial cells in vitro and ICG-PDT may be a good new therapy for nevascularization.

Objective:To explore the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/dele‐tion (I/D) polymorphism and familial essential hypertension (EH) .Methods :Fluorescent in situ hybridization stai‐ning DNA sequencing test was used to detect ACE gene I/D genotype frequency and allele frequency in 46 familial EH patients (familial EH group) ,64 EH patients without family history (non‐familial EH group) and 43 healthy people (healthy control group) .Results:In healthy control group ,non -familial EH group ,familial EH group ACE gene DD genotype frequency was 11.6% ,32.3% and 37.0% ;distribution frequency of D allele was 33.7% , 52.3% and 57.6% respectively .Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in ACE gene DD genotype and D allele frequency in familial EH group and non -familial EH group (P<0.05 or <0.01) ,but there were no significant difference between familial EH group and non‐familial EH group (P>0.05) .Conclusion:ACE gene DD genotype and D allele may be genetic predisposing genes of patients with essential hypertension ,and there is no significant difference in genetic constituent ratio between familial EH patients and non‐familial EH patients .

The clinical data of patients with hypoparathyroidism accompanied by elevated and normal muscle enzymes were analyzed retrospectively.The results showed that there were no differences in age,gender,pathogenesis,etiology,and parathormone level between groups with elevated muscle enzyme and normal muscle enzyme.Serum calcium concentration in the group with normal muscle enzyme was within normal range.Serum calcium concentration in the group with elevated muscle enzyme was significantly lower than that in the group with normal muscle enzyme (P＜0.01).As the serum calcium concentration rose,the elevated enzyme level gradually returned to normal range,suggesting that the decrease of serum calcium concentration resulted in the elevated muscle enzyme levels in patients with hypoparathyroidism.