Objective] To explore the clinical experience of Professor Zhang Juan on Elderly Diabetic Constipation and hope to provide a new perspective for future study about Chinese medicine treatment of Diabetes Mellitus(DM).[Method] Reviewed 103 cases from Sep. 2014 till now who were older than 65,diagnosed with DM and had constipation as primary symptom. Analyzed and summarized the syndrome differentiation and treatment of the cases. [Results] According to the etiology and pathogenesis of Elderly Diabetic Constipation ,Professor Zhang deems that its pathogenesis takes place in two stages:one is spleen deficiency,the other is kidney deficiency and proposes the therapy of“treat the middle-jiao if others are not working”,“nourish the natal qi with post-natal qi”,“combine disease,syndrome and symptom”and“treat in stages”.[Conclusion] The treatment on Elderly Diabetic Constipation raised by Professor Zhang is effective and her clinical experience has important clinical value .

Objective To explore the absorption properties and kinetics of nicorandil from small intestinal segments. Methods The absorption kinetics and permeability of nicorandil under different conditions were investigated by HPLC via the in situ perfusing method in rats. Results There was no significant difference in Ka of nicorandil under different concentrations and different pH.The absorption rate in rats descended in order of jejunum,duodenum,ileum and colon, as (4.69±0.05)×10-2 ,(3.35 ±0.04) × 10-2 ,(2.66± 0.05) × 10-2 and (0.89± 0.08) × 10-2 .h-1 . Conclusion The absorption of nicorandil in intestine complies with the passive transport mechanism and first order kinetics.Nicorandil is well absorbed in the whole intestine and can be prepared as delayed release and controlled release forms.

To strengthen the medical students in patient safety education is the first step to effectively prevent medical accidents.But at present patient safety education has not been given enough attention by domestic mnedical colleges.Research group consulted literature at home and abroad related to patient safety courses, according to the Medical colleges patient safety curriculum guide proposed by The World Health Organization (WHO) Alliance for Patient Safety, opened the patient safety course in undergraduate medical education with the goal to improve the medical students to maintain patient safety consciousness, ability and methods and implemented scene simulation teaching and formative assessment.We achieved good teaching effect and appraisal by students.

Objective To observe and evaluate the effect of ultrasound guided percutaneous ethanol injection for hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure. Methods Fifty-three patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism in Nanjing General Hospital Military Command from January 2011 to May 2013 were treated by percutaneous ethanol injection. The echogenicity, size and blood supply of parathyroid glands were observed by color Doppler ultrasound before and after treatment. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and volumes of parathyroid glands were analyzed and compared with non-paired t test. Results Before treatment, the parathyroid gland volume was (5.28±0.84) cm3. The enlarged parathyroid glands had homogeneous hypoechogenicity and abundant blood supply, and the PTH was (1041.6±37.1) ng/L. After treatment, the size of solitary parathyroid gland was (3.93±0.67) cm3 which did not change significantly compared with that before treatment. The echogenicity of parathyroid glands enhanced and blood supply decreased after injection ethanol into solitary parathyroid. PTH [(509.2±27.6) ng/L] decreased obviously (t=3.792, P < 0.05). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous injection of ethanol has an important role in the treating of secondary hyperparathyroidism and the curative effect can be observed timely.

Objective To develop a new kind of tracheal catheter for large or medium -sized surgical anesthesia as a medical equipment of respiratory management,and to rescue the patients with anhelation of respiratory arrest,which is essential to first-aid treatment and will be widely used clinically.Methods The disposable non-toxic transparent plastic was adopted,which was reinforced by the spiral stainless steel wire with regular separations.The diameter of the tracheal catheter varied with the different models.The tracheal catheter was composed of the items put into the trachea when applied for anesthesia such as the inflatable bladder and liquid mouth,the ones connected with the anesthesia machine such as the ring lines regulating direction of the front end of the catheter,and the syringe adapters for the liquid and gas.Results The flexible,air-proof tracheal catheter,with its direction adjustable,injected the medicine through its front end.Conclusion The tracheal catheter can be used for intratracheal medication,and will be popularized clinically.

Objective Normal estimation is the key step for volume visualization. Commonly used methods for normal estimation are based on interpolation and derivative. A novel normal estimation algorithm based on approximation for visualization of medical images was presented in this paper. Method It approximated the density function in local neighborhood with a second-degree polynomial function. The coefficients of the polynomial function were solved by minimizing the error of the approximation and the gradient vector at arbitrary point was obtained directly from the analytical derivative of the density function without interpolation. Because of symmetry, the solution of this equation was simplified.This method was tested in several volume data sets. The results and the generation time by different methods were obtained and compared. Result The results showed that this algorithm produced satisfactory quality images while the computational complexity was not increased. Conclusion This approach is preferable for most applications, especially for medical images reconstruction.

Melanin is a kind of biopolymer, composed of a complex quinine/indole-quinone derived mixture which is produced in melanocytes from tyrosine. More than 100 genes related to melanin deposition have been found in mouse. Slc24a5 (solute carrier family 24, member 5) is a novel gene first cloned in zebrafish. And it has been confirmed that the Slc24a5 is involved in controlling the melanin deposition in zebrafish. Here the full length of the chicken slc24a5 mRNA sequence, its expression profile and a discussion of its relationship to melanin deposition in chicken were reported. Chicken Slc254a5 has a CDS of 1 269bp, predicting a protein of 423 amino acids which is about 80 amino acids shorter than in human and mouse. It has 9 exons and 8 introns and spans more than 1lkb of genome sequence. The quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that the chicken Slc24a5 was highly expressed in the eye of White Leghorn and Beijing Fatty Chickens, and in the eye, skin and muscle of Silky. The relative expression in Silky eye is more than two times that of White Leghorn. The relative expression in Silky skin is about 70 times that of White Leghorn and about 15 times that of Beijing Fatty Chickens. The relative expression in Silky muscle is about 15 times that of White Leghorn and about 3 times that of Beijing Fatty Chickens. And the expression result is in accordance with the melanocyte and melanin deposition in these tissues.

Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Kidney Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Young Adult

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis during the process of adult rat mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)differentiating into neuron-like cells in vitro.METHODS:The MSCs were isolated primarily from adult rats bone marrow by density gradient and then expanded in medium as undifferentiated cells for 3-5 generations.The MSCs were divided into three groups at random.The control group was induced with ?-mercaptoethanol(?-ME).Meanwhile,the U0126 group was given ?-ME and U0126(10 ?mol/L)added at the beginning of induction.The PMA groups were treated with ?-ME and different concentrations of PMA since pre-induction.The effects of U0126 and PMA on the activity of neuron-like cells were observed by MTT.The effects of U0126 and PMA on the expression of neuron specific marker nestin and expression of apoptosis-related protein caspase,Bcl-2,Bax in neuron-like cells were detected by using immunocytochemistry method.TUNEL technique was used to detect apoptosis index.RESULTS:Compared to control group,neuron viability,nestin and Bcl-2 increased and neuron apoptosis decreased in U0126 group(P

The silent cerebral infarct is an clinic symptom that is so slight or transitory as to be easily neglected. There are only neural symptoms and signs,but irresponsible infarct focus can be seen on image. The risk factors of silent cerebral infarct may be the same as those of symptomatic cerebral infarct. Such infarct is likely to influence the course, clinic symptom and prognosis of acute cerebral infarct and may foretell symptomatic cerebral infarct and deteriorate into pseudo-global paralysis or multi-infarcted dementia. Therefore elder who suffer from hypertension or diabetes and experience vertigo, headache, language barrier but without apparent signs and symptoms should receive cerebral CT or MRI. Minor or third-degree precautionary measures can be taken as a chief therapy for cerebral infarct. Alternatively vitamines B_6,B_(12) and folic acid can be supplied to reduce the chance of hyperhomocysteinemia. Headache is the initial symptom in silent brain infarct. Magnesium is effective when dehydration does not work.