Objective To investigate the characteristics of glucose and lipid metabolism in the male primary aldosteronism(PA) patients .Methods 125 male PA patients screened out by using plasma aldosterone/renin ratio(ARR) plasma aldosterone concen‐tration measurement were enrolled in the study(PA group) ,at the same time 127 male patients with essential hypertension(EH) were also recruited as EH group ,who had similar blood pressure levels and hypertension course .Clinical data and biochemical indi‐cators of each group were collected and the characteristics of glucose and lipid metabolism in the male PA patients were analyzed . Results Serum potassium level of PA group was lower than EH group(P<0 .05) .Compared with EH group ,there were significant increase of triglycerides concentration in PA group(P<0 .05) ,and significant decrease of HDL‐C concentration in PA group(P<0 .05) .Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) 2 h glucose level and waist in PA group were higher or larger than that in EH group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Compared with EH patients ,glucose and lipid metabolism disorder are more severe in male PA patients , the symptoms are mainly abdominal obesity and impaired glucose tolerance .

Objective:To study the influence of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of IL-10 promoter (-1 082, -819 and -594) on acute rejection after renal transplantation in a donor-recipient paired mode. Methods: Three IL-10 promoter SNPs of 52 donor-recipient pairs were genotyped and phenotyped by PCR using sequence-specific primers (SSP). Recipients were followed up for 1 year after transplantation, and acute rejection episodes were observed. Incidences of rejection were compared against pair patterns and differences were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Results: No genotype of high producer was found in any donor and recipient in this study. Forty-nine recipients were followed up for over 12 months. Of them, 18 recipients (36.7%) had acute rejection and 7 recipients (14.3%) had multiple rejection(MR). The relationship between donors with intermediate producer and acute rejection and MR tended to be statistically significant (P=0.076, P=0.051).The MR rate increased significantly in the pair of donor intermediate producer/recipient low producer (P=0.036). Conclusion: It is preferable to take donor’s IL-10 SNP into consideration in study of IL-10 SNP and renal transplantation. Donor intermediate producer can increase the risk of acute rejection. The combination of donor intermediate/recipient low producer can increase the risk of MR.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of entecavir (ETV) or adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) monotherapy in treatment of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with mildly elevated ALT.Methods One hundred and seven HBeAg-negative CHB patients with ALT elevated by 1-2-fold of upper limit of normal (ULN) were enrolled in this prospective study.Sixty patients were assigned to receive ETV monotherapy and 47 patients to receive ADV monotherapy for at least 96 weeks.The ALT and HBV DNA levels were measured every 3 months.The liver biopsy was performed in 35 patients prior to therapy.Drug resistance and adverse reactions were documented.Results Four cases in ETV group and 2 cases in ADV group were lost in follow-up.Among 35 patients with liver biopsy,30 (86％) cases had significant fibrosis (stage 2-4) or inflammation (grade 2-4).At weeks 96,serum ALT was normalized in 67％ (30/45) cases of ADV group,and 95％ (53/56) cases of ETV group (x2 =13.33,P ＜ 0.01) ; the proportion of patients with undetectable HBV DNA in ADV and ETV groups was 78％ (35/45) and 100％ (56/56) respectively (x2 =13.81,P ＜ 0.01).No drug resistance occurred in ETV group,while 2 patients in ADV group were found with virological breakthrough and were confirmed to be of variants associated with ADV resistance.No adverse reactions were observed in either group during the trial.Conclusion Present study suggests that most HBeAg-negative CHB patients with mildly elevated ALT have significant fibrosis or inflammation and entecavir monotherapy was more effective than adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy in treatment of the patients.

Objective To study the influencing elements in x-Gal staining method and optimize the reactive conditions so that nonspecific background can be eliminated and grafted exogenous cells carrying LacZ gene can be discerned correctly. Methods C17 2 cells (carrying lzcZ gene) were injected into the right lateral ventricle both in the adult and newborn animals. After one week they were perfused using two methods, then the slices were stained at different pH and incubating time respectively. The X-gal positive cells in hippocampus were counted under light microscope. Results Background staining in this method has close correlation with the species and age of the host animals and it decreases when pH is higher or incubating time is shorter. The results are the best when pH 9 5 and the incubating time is 1*!h.Conclusion The reliability of X-gal staining method depends on optimization of several parameters, including pH, incubating time, perfusion etc. It is necessary to establish the correspondent controls.;

Objective:To explore epidemiologic features of primary aldosteronism (PA) in northern Jiangsu and using plasma aldosterone/renin activity ratio (ARR) combined plasma aldosterone level to screen PA patients among pa-tients with hypertension .Methods:A total of 2014 inpatients and outpatients with hypertension were collected from our hospital .Radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma levels of renin and aldosterone and blood biochemical indexes ,then ARR was calculated .PA was diagnosed when ARR>240 and aldosterone>150 pg/ml .Results:A to-tal of 239 patients (11. 87% ) were complicated with PA among the 2014 patients with hypertension ,and it occupied 23.69% (145/612) among patients with refractory hypertension .Compared with pure hypertension group ,there were significant reductions in renin activity [ (2.18 ± 2.54) ng?ml-1 ?h-1 vs .(0.68 ± 0.49) ng?ml-1 ?h-1 ] and serum potassium level [ (3.96 ± 0.45) mmol/L vs .(3.54 ± 0.45) mmol/L] ,significant rise in aldosterone level [ (132.99 ± 104.25) pg/ml vs .(272.55 ± 154.68) pg/ml] and ARR [ (118.40 ± 109.4) vs .(463.19 ± 251.85)] ,P<0.05 or <0.01 ,and significant reduction in onset age of hypertension [ (49.37 ± 9.31) years vs .(39.69 ± 7.59) years] ,P<0.01. Patients complicated with hypokalemia occupied 33.47% among PA patients ,linear correlation a-nalysis indicated that serum potassium level was correlated with aldosterone level (r= -0.706 , P=0.001) .Conclu-sion:In northern Jiangsu ,PA occupies 11.87% among patients with hypertension and it occupies 23.69% among pa-tients with refractory hypertension .Therefore ,plasma ARR should be regularly detected to screen PA patients in patients with hypertension ,especially those with refractory hypertension .

BACKGROUND:The technique of vacuum sealing drainage, initialy used for better wound healing, has been widely applied to al kinds of refractory wounds. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress in vacuum sealing drainage for treatment of severe soft tissue injury. METHODS: An electronic retrieve was performed in Wanfang database, VIP database and PubMed database from January 1989 to August 2014 was performed for papers regarding the vacuum sealing drainage technology with the key words of “vacuum sealing drainage technology; injury; gentamicin; hyperbaric oxygen; nerve growth factor; chymotrypsin” in Chinese or English. Finaly 48 articles were involved in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Vacuum sealing drainage is a highly effective treatment technique to promote wound healing which can promote wound blood circulation, reduce sweling, inhibit bacterial growth, stimulate growth of granulation tissue by mechanical stress, inhibit cel apoptosis, thereby helping wound healing. Compared to conventional open-dressings, vacuum sealing drainage has a faster wound healing speed, lower infection rate, and fewer dressing change frequency. With recent advances in medicine, vacuum sealing drainagetechnology cannot be simply used for treatment of skin soft tissue damage, but in combination with gentamicin, hyperbaric oxygen, nerve growth factor and chymotrypsin to achieve better therapeutic effects.

Atrioventricular Node ; physiopathology ; Cardiac Complexes, Premature ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

AIM: Niflumic acid (NFA) is known as a kind of inhibitor of calcium-activated chloride channel. The inhibition and mechanism of NFA on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were investigated. METHODS: Using [ 3H]-TdR incorporation method, we examined the effect of NFA (at concentration of 10 and 50 ?mol/L) on the proliferation of primarily ASMCs from BALB/c mouse. With confocal laser scanning microscope the [Ca 2+ ]i in ASMCs exposed to histamine was observed, and the opposed effects of NFA and nifedipine on histamine were also checked. Finally the effect of NFA on expression of MAPK in ASMCs was examined by indirect immunofluorescent assay. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the proliferation of NFA group was reduced markedly with dependent concentration. Histamine significantly improved the [Ca 2+ ]i in ASMCs, but NFA and nifedipine showed the inhibition on the effect of histamine. NFA reduced the level of MAPK expression in ASMCs. CONCLUSION: It is demonstrated that NFA inhibits the proliferation of ASMCs by reducing [Ca 2+ ]i and the expression level of MAPK. [

Anaphylaxis is the most severe clinical presentation of acute systemic allergic reactions.The occurrence of anaphylaxis has increased in recent years, and subsequently, there is a need to continue disseminating knowledge on the diagnosis and management, so every healthcare professional is prepared to deal with such emergencies.This updated position document keep guidance aligned with the current state of the art of knowledge in anaphylaxis management including definition, diagnostic criteria, severity grading, elicitors and cofactors, acute treatment and long-term management of anaphylaxis.Intramuscular Adrenaline continues to be the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.After an anaphylaxis occurrence, patients should be referred to a specialist to assess the potential cause and to be educated on prevention of recurrences and self-management.