With the development of molecular biology of cancer,molecular targeted therapy which tar-geted the driver genes in lung cancer has become an inevitable part of the treatment of advanced lung cancer. The most successful examples of targeted therapy are targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).More and more driver genes have been discovered,including ROS1 gene fusion,fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 amplification,KRAS,BRAF,PIK3CA gene mutation and so on.It is meaningful for guiding the treatment of lung cancer that defines the mutation incidence and clinical significance of driver genes in lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression of human ribonucleotide reductase large subunit M1 (RRM1) in the patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods The expressions of RRM1 were detected in 88 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and 20 cases of nonnal gastric tissues by immunohistochemical method.The correlations between the expression of RRM1 and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of RRM1 in gastric adenocarcinoma was 83.0％(73/88).And RRM1 was negative in the entire normal gastric tissues.The positive expression of RRM1 was not associated with patient's age (x2 =0.352,P=0.553),gender (x2 =0.493,P=0.482),depth of tumor infiltration depth (x2 =0.007,P =0.933),lymph nodes metastasis (x2 =0.121,P =0.728) and distant metastasis (P =0.415).But it was related to the degree of tumor differentiation (x2 =7.740,P =0.021) and clinical stage (x2 =5.733,P =0.017).Conclusion The expression of RRM1 is positive expression in most gastric adenocarcinoma,and is associated with the degree of tumor differentiation and clinical stage.It is of great significance to detect the expression of RRM1 in gastric adenocarcinoma for confirming the diagnosis and judging malignant degree of the tumor.It also may have potential value in choosing the best therapeutic scheme and estimating prognosis.

Combined therapy consisting of radiotherapy,chemotherapy and palliative surgery is the primary management for locally advanced pancreatic cancer,with the purpose of prolonging survival and improving life quality.Gemcitabine is the standard chemotherapy at present.Gemcitabine-based combinations show a definite effect,and the combination with targeted drugs also has a certain degree of efficacy.The development of new chemotherapy drugs and targeted drugs provides more ways for the teatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

EML4-ALK fusion oncogene represents a new molecular target which appears mainly in lung adenocarcinoma.EML4-ALK is detected more frequently in young non-small-cell lung cancer patients who never or light smoke.ALK inhibitors(crizotinib)for the treatment of the EML4-ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer has a high response rate.This finding can improve the individual treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Regulatory T cells are a specialized subpopulation of T lymphocytes that play important roles in immunosuppression, maintaining immune balance and self-immune tolerance. The latest researches show that not only that FOXP3 + CD25+ CD4 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) are expressed in tumor tissues and peripheral blood of patients of various forms of cancers, Tregs also participate in the occurrence, development and prognosis of tumors.

Molecular targeted therapy plays an important role in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.In recent years,a large number of targeted drugs have been developed and tested in clinical trials to verify their efficacy and security.The better efficacy and security of targeted drugs represented by monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been demonstrated in each phase of clinical trials.

Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore its relationship with lymph node metastasis. Methods Sixty patients with NSCLC were studied. The expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry in lung cancer samples, and its relationship to clinical and pathological data was analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of VEGF-C in NSCLC tissues was 68.3% (41/60), the expression rate of VEGFR-3 was 53.3% (32/60). The expression of VEGF-C was related with the degree of cell differentiation in lung cancer. Both the expressions of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 were positively associated with lymph node metastasis. There was a positive correlation between VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 expressions (r=0.27). Conclusion The expressions of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 are related to lymph node metastasis in NSCLC. VEGF-C may promote intratumoral lymphangiogenesis via VEGFR-3 and lymphatic metastasis.

Objective To study the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis function in female patients with hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD). Method By RIA test the levels of serum pituitary and sex hormones were observed. Results The level of fallicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was significantly lower than that in control group ( P

Objective To explore the effects of angelica naphtha on the withdrawal signs and norepinephrine neurotransmitter in uorphine-dependent rats.Methods 72 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,clonidine group and three angelica naphtha groups (80,40 and 20 mg/kg).Rats were received gradualy increasing doses of morphine to produce physical dependence.Withdrawal symptoms were evaluated by Ryuta Tomoji score.The level of norepinephrine and normetanephrine(NMN) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The scores of withdrawal signs were (4.00± 3.29),(30.13±4.41),(18.96± 4.43),26.04±4.13),(22.33±4.60) and (19.00±3.47),respectively.The morphine withdrawal signs were reduced by angelica naphtha in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.01),also significantly reduced the level of NE and NMN and the ratio of NMN/NE in the nucleus ceruleus and prefrontal cortex(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Angelica naphtha alleviates the withdrawal synlptons in morphine-dependent rats,which may be related to the inhibition of excessive turnover of norepinephrine neurotransmitters in the nucleus ceruleus and prefrontal cortex.

Objective:To investigate the morphology character of sagittally unstable intertrochanteric fractures and reduction methods.Methods: A retrospective study was used to analyze the clinical data of sagittally unstable intertrochanteric fractures cases,which were treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) fixation from March 2009 to June 2016.In the study,36 cases were followed up completely,in which 17 cases accepted open reduction,and the other 19 cases accepted minimally invasive reduction.The operation time,amount of bleeding,the fluoroscopy times,postoperative radiographic measurements,such as tip-apex distance (TAD) and sliding distance of the spiral screw,and hip Harris scores were analyzed.The morphology character of the fractures was documented and investigated.Results: The average follow-up time was 15 months.The amount of bleeding of the open reduction group was (170.5±19.7) mL,and the amount of bleeding of the minimally invasive group was (54.7±12.5) mL.The amount of bleeding of the minimally invasive group was significantly less than that of the open reduction group (P<0.001).Between the two groups,there were no significant differences in other evaluation parameter,including operation time (P=0.054),the fluoroscopy times (P=0.053),fracture healing time (P=0.305),postoperative radiographic measurements,such as TAD (P=0.317) and sliding distance of the spiral screw (P=0.206),and hip Harris scores (P=0.459).In regard to morphology character of the fractures,the proximal anterior unstable fractures with separation displacement were more common than the proximal posterior unstable fractures with impaction.The characteristic feature of the proximal anterior unstable fractures was the proximal anterior and medial long oblique fracture,and a V shape cortical defect in the distal fracture fragment on the externally rotation X-ray.Conclusion: Sagittally unstable intertrochanteric fractures can be divided into the proximal anterior unstable fractures with separation displacement,and the proximal posterior unstable fractures with impaction.The two types have their own morphology character individually.The reduction should be performed by minimally invasive techniques.