The double-window technique was applied in 30 patients with thoracic diseases in CT examination. The pictures of lung window, mediastinum window and double-window were read respectively and the diagnostic accuracy were compared. The principle, advantage and limitation of double-window technique were discussed.

Objective To analyze the epidemiology,clinical and imageological characteristics,diagnosis,misdiagnosis,treatment and prognosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) reported in China in recent 20 years,in an attempt to provide important clues for prompt and accurate diagnosis of PAP.Methods Clinical data of PAP from 1988 to 2008 in China were retrospectively analyzed and the clinical data of 126 patients with PAP which were misdiagnozed were summarized.Results There were 19 cases misdiagnozed with pneumonia,24 cases with pulmonary cancer,18 cases with bronchitis,19 cases with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,15 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis,10 cases with eosinophilic pneumonia,9 cases with sarcoidosis,5 cases with fungus pneumonia.The clinical manifestations of PAP had no specificity and the imageology manifestation was various.Its final diagnosis mainly depended on the examination of brochoalveolar lavage fluid and/or lung biopsy,and pathologic examination.Conclusions The diversity of clinical manifestations of PAP has resulted in higher clinical misdiagnosis rate.WhoLe lung irrigation is the safest and the most effective way to treat PAP.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of Sox2 mRNA transcription level in bronchoscopic biopsy specimens from lung cancer patients. Methods The expression of Sox2 mRNA was detected using RT-PCR from 100 hu-man lung cancer biopsy and 18 non-cancer lung biopsy through bronchoscopy. The expression of Sox2 protein was examined by immunohistochemistry from 50 cases of lung cancer biopsy, 32 cases of benign lung lesions and 18 cases of pericarcino-matous normal lung tissues. Then the relationships between Sox2 mRNA transcription level and lung cancer clinical patho-logical parameters were analyzed to test the diagnostic value of Sox2 transcription level. Results The transcription of Sox2 mRNA and its protein expression level were significantly higher in lung cancer than that in benign pulmonary disease tissues (P＜0.05). The transcription of Sox2 mRNA was not correlated with age, gender, histology, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and differentiation of lung cancer patients (P>0.05). The Sox2 mRNA yielded an area of 0.748 under the ROC curve with the sensitivity of 85.0%and the specificity of 61.1%, taking the cut-off value of 0.513. Conclusion The Sox2 mRNA might be a useful diagnostic marker for lung cancer.

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of chloride channel blocker tamoxifen on hypoxia pulmonary hypertension in rats.METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into therapeutic group(H/Q group),hypoxia group(H group),normal control group(C group).Mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP),the ratio of the weight of right ventricle to that of left ventricle plus septum[RV(LV+S)],and the ratio of the pulmonary arteriole wall area to that of vascular total area(WA/TA),were measured at 4,7,14,21 days.RESULTS:The mPAP began to increase from 7 days,and reached peak at 21 days in hypoxia group,however it is obviously lower in therapeutic group at same time.The ratio of RV(LV+S) began to increase from 14 days,and reached peak at 21 days in hypoxia group,however it is obviously lower in therapeutic group at same time.The ratio of WA/TA at 21 days in hypoxia group was significantly higher than therapeutic group,respectively(P

Objective To detect the expressions and clinical significance of Nanog and CD44 protein in lung cancer. Methods The expressions of Nanog and CD44 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 50 cases of lung cancer, 32 cases of benign lesion lung tissue and 18 cases of paraneoplastic normal lung tissue. Then their relationships with clinicopathological factors were analyzed. Results The expression of Nanog in lung cancer was significantly higher than those in benign lesion lung tissue and paraneoplastic normal lung tissue (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of the expression of CD44 among the three groups (P > 0.05). The expressions of Nanog and CD44 in squamous cell carcinomas were higher than those in adenocarcinomas and small cell lung carcinomas (P < 0.05). The expressions of Nanog and CD44 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), but were not correlated with age, gender, tumour size, TNM stage and differentiation of lung cancer (P>0.05). The positive correlation was also noted between the expressions of Nanog and CD44 in lung cancer (r = 0.564, P < 0.05). Conclusion Nanog and CD44 proteins may participate in the genesis and progression of lung cancer. Nanog protein is a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for lung cancer.

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the dynamic changes in general body parameters, blood glucose, and blood lipid profiles in obese cynomolgus monkeys, exploring the correlations among these parameters and providing a reference for research on the obese cynomolgus monkey model. Methods30 normal male cynomolgus monkeys aged 5 - 17 years old (with body mass index < 35 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin content < 4.50%) and 99 spontaneously obese male cynomolgus monkeys (with body mass index ≥35 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin content < 4.50%) were selected. Over a period of three years, their abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and four blood lipid indicators were monitored. The correlations between each indicator were analyzed using repeated measurement ANOVA, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression correlation analysis method. Results Compared to the control group, the obese group exhibited significantly higher levels of abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, and triglyceride (P＜0.05). In the control group, skinfold thickness increased annually, while other indicators remained stable. Compared with the first year, the obese group showed significantly increased abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose in the second year(P＜0.05), with this increasing trend persisting in the third year (P＜0.05). In the control group, the obesity incidence rates in the second and third years were 16.67% and 23.33%, respectively, while the prevalence of diabetes remained at 16.67%. In the obese group, the diabetes incidence rates were 29.29% and 44.44% in years 2 and 3, respectively. Among the 11-13 year age group, the incidence rates were 36.36% and 44.68%, while for the group older than 13 years, the rates were 28.13% and 51.35%. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations (P＜0.05) between fasting blood glucose and age, abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, and triglyceride in the diabetic monkeys. Conclusion Long-term obesity can lead to the increases in general physical indicators and fasting blood glucose levels in cynomolgus monkeys, and an increase in the incidence of diabetes. In diabetic cynomolgus monkeys caused by obesity, there is a high correlation between their fasting blood glucose and age, weight, abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, and triglyceride levels, which is of some significance for predicting the occurrence of spontaneous diabetes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEIt was proven that Vitamin C could inhibit the growth of many types of tumors as an antioxidant. The aim of this study is to explore role of Vitamin C in proliferation and apoptosis of lung carcinoma cell line A549 and the underlying mechanism.

METHODSA549 cells were cultured in vitro and incubated with Vitamin C. The cell viability was measured by growth curve and clonogentic assay. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and detect apoptosis. The levels of expression of Caspase-3 mRNA and Survivin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSVitamin C of 400 microg/mL, 4 mg/mL significantly inhibited the growth of A549 cell lines (P = 0.024, P = 0.015, respectively). Flow cytometry showed that the cells major stagnation stayed in the G0/G1 and S phase and the apoptotic rate increased with time prolonged. Vitamin C signifiantly up-regulated the expression of Caspase-3 mRNA, but had no effect on Survivin mRNA.

CONCLUSIONVitamin C can inhibit the proliferation of A549, block A549 cells in G0/G1 and S phase, and induce apoptosis of A549 cells. Apotosis occurred by up-regulated the expression of Caspase-3.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; genetics ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

ObjectiveTo establish an ischemia-reperfusion model in cynomolgus macaques and to analyse the effects of edaravone intervention. MethodsA total of fifteen adult male cynomolgus macaques were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation (Sham group, n=3), ischemia-reperfusion model (Model group, n=6) and edaravone treatment (Edaravone group, n=6). Ischemic-reperfusion model of cynomolgus macaques was established by clamping the M1 branch of the left cerebral artery for 1 h. After 2 h of reperfusion, the animals in Edaravone group were injected with 0.5 mg/kg edaravone intravenously for intervention treatment, while the animals in Sham and Model groups were injected with an equal volume of normal saline intravenously, twice a day, from the 2nd to 7th day. The behavioral video recordings, clinical observations and neurological deficit scores of cynomolgus macaques were obtained, and brain edema volume and cerebral ischemia volume were statistically analyzed. ResultsCompared with the Sham group, the animals in Model group showed typical symptoms of ischemic stroke, with a significant increase in the neurological deficit score， the volumes of edema and infarct of brain tissue (all P＜0.01). Compared with Model group, the neurological deficit score, the volumes of edema and infarct of brain tissue were significantly reduced in Edaravone group (all P＜0.05). ConclusionAn animal model of ischemia-reperfusion in cynomolgus macaques was successfully established, and edaravone was confirmed to alleviate the damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion.