Objective To compare the clinical outcomes between conventional percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and targeted PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Methods A retrospective cohort study was designed to review 215 cases of single level OVCFs hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2015.According to the procedure techniques,the patients were assigned to targeted PVP group (89 cases) and conventional PVP group (126 cases) which was further divided into sufficient filled subgroup (110 cases) and insufficient filled subgroup (16 cases) on basis of cement distribution.Key techniques of targeted PVP included accurate needle insertion to fractured area and cement injection using a push rob with a side opening.Operating time,cement injection volume,rate and types of cement leakage,cement distribution in the fractured area and visual analogue score (VAS) of back pain were compared between the two groups.Results Operating time in targeted PVP group was longer than that in conventional PVP group (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in cement injection volume and rate and types of cement leakage between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).None in targeted PVP group showed insufficient cement distribution in fractured area,while 16 cases (12.7％) in conventional PVP group (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences in preoperative VAS of back pain existed among targeted PVP group,sufficient subgroup and insufficient subgroup (P ＞ 0.05).VAS of back pain was significantly decreased after PVP in three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Difference in postoperative VAS of back pain between targeted PVP group and sufficient filled subgroup was insignificant (P ＞0.05).However,postoperative VAS of back pain in insufficient filled subgroup was significantly increased compared with targeted PVP group and sufficient filled subgroup (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Targeted PVP provides sufficient cement to fill the fractured area and decreases incidence of unsatisfactory clinical outcome compared with traditional PVP,indicating a secure and effective new technique in the treatment of OVCFs.

Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether active part of Glycyrrhiza extract (GL)induced apoptosis in Hela cells and its inhibitory mechanism.Methods HeLa cells were treated with 25 g/mL of GL for 24hs.Cell viability and apoptosis in HeLa cells were determined by MTT,AO/EB fluorescent double staining,transmission electron microscope(TEM),and Western blot.Results The MTT results showed that GL significantly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells in a dose-response.After treatment for 24 hrs,large number of early apoptotitc cell were observed using AO/EB fluorescent double staining and TEM.The expression of Pro-caspase-9 and Cleaved-caspase-3 protein was higher in GL-treated cells them those of the control cells(P<0.05).Conclusion GL can activate Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 genes to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells.

Objective: To study the molecular characteristics of norovirus in 4 outbreaks of gastroenteritis in Heilongjiang province in 2016. Methods: Fecal specimens of patients were collected from 4 outbreaks of acute viral gastroenteritis. Real-time PCR was performed to identify the infection with Norovirus (NoV). The NoV genes were amplified and sequenced for the positive samples, followed by performing phylogenetic analysis. Results: There were total 4 outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis caused by NoV. A total of 102 stool specimens were obtained from cases with acute gastroenteritis. NoV was detected in 35 cases including 14 strains of genogroup I NoV and 21 strains of genogroup II NoV. Six genotypes including GII.2, GII.17, GII.Pe, GII.P12/GII.3, GI.6, GI.Pd/GI.3 were detected. Conclusions NoV was the pathogen causing the gastroenteritis outbreaks in Heilongjiang province, and multigenotype NoV co-circulated in Heilongjiang province.