Objective To explore the efficiency,safety and suitable dosage of the non-invasive treatment of malignant gliomas with high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU).Methods An extracorporeal HIFU with 9.7 MHz transducer(focal length: 4.5 mm,focal intensity: 2 500 W/cm~(2)) was used.Fifteen resected human malignant gliomas were randomly assigned to receive HIFU ablation for 10,20,30 s.After the treatment,the exposure coverage and marginal zone were collected and examined by HE staining and electron microscope.Results Exposure coverage and margin was safe in 10 s group.Typical coagulation necrosis was detected at exposure coverage with no detectable change at margin in 20 s group.Typical coagulation necrosis was seen at both exposure coverage and margin in 30 s group.Conclusion Under the parameters used in this study,20 s is a beneficial therapeutic dosage.HIFU is an accurate method for malignant gliomas ablation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of miR-497 on cytobiology behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by targetingly regulating the expression of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) .Methods:Human TPC-1 cells were divided into control group, miR-497 group, si-YAP1 group and miR-497+si-YAP1 group. The liposome transfection was conducted by LipofectamineTM3000. The targeted relationship between miR-497 and YAP1 was validated by Luciferase Reporter Assay. The cell proliferation activity in each group was detected by MTT method. The apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry. The number of invasion cells was detected by Transwell. The cell migration rates were detected by scratch assay. The expression of Cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) , MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) and activated caspase 3 (cleaved Caspase-3) was detected by Western blot. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze data, and normally distributed measurement data were expressed as ( ± s) . One-way ANOVA was analyzed for the difference between multiple groups, and SNK-q were analyzed for the difference between two groups. Results:Compared with the control group, the expression of YAP1 mRNA and protein was decreased in miR-497 group and si-YAP1 group ( q=14.682, 14.597; 23.743, 23.571; P<0.05) , cell proliferation activity, number of invasion cells and migration rate were decreased ( q=4.724, 4.568, 3.841; 4.216, 3.952, 3.274; P<0.05) , apoptosis rate was increased ( q=3.783; 4.336; P<0.05) , expression of CyclinD1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and cleared Caspase-3 proteins was decreased ( q=5.823, 5.981, 6.036, 6.485; 5.934, 6.110, 6.573, 6.614; P<0.05) , and expression of TIMP-1 protein was increased ( q=6.071; 6.148; P<0.05) . Compared with si-YAP1 group, miR-497 level was increased in miR-497+si-YAP1 group ( q=14.726, P<0.05) , the expression of YAP1 mRNA and protein was decreased ( q=3.089, 3.126; P<0.05) , cell proliferation activity, number of invasion cells and migration rate were decreased ( q=2.654, 2.537, 2.246; P<0.05) , apoptosis rate was increased ( q=2.875, P<0.05) , expression of CyclinD1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and cleared Caspase-3 proteins was decreased ( q=4.371, 4.365, 4.383, 4.368; P<0.05) , and expression of TIMP-1 protein was increased ( q=4.275, P<0.05) . Conclusion:MiR-497 can negatively targetingly regulate the expression of YAP1, inhibit proliferation, invasion and migration of TPC-1 cells.

Objective To investigate the mutations of BRCA genes in sporadic high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and study its clinical significance. Methods Sixty-eight patients between January 2015 and January 2016 from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected who were based on pathological diagnosis of ovarian cancer and had no reported family history, and all patients firstly hospitalized were untreated in other hospitals before. (1)The BRCA genes were detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. (2)The serum tumor markers included carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA125, CA199, and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) were detected by the chemiluminescence methods, and their correlation was analyzed by Pearson linear correlation. Descriptive statistics and comparisons were performed using two-tailed t-tests, Pearson′s chi square test, Fisher′s exact tests or logistic regression analysis as appropriate to research the clinicopathologic features associated with BRCA mutations, including age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stage, platinum-based chemotherapy sensitivity, distant metastases, serum tumor markers (STM). Results (1) Fifteen cases (22%, 15/68) BRCA mutations were identified (BRCA1: 11 cases; BRCA2: 4 cases), and four novel mutations were observed. (2) The levels of CEA, CA199, and HE4 were lower in BRCA mutations compared to that in control group, while no significant differences were found (P>0.05), but the level of CA125 was much higher in BRCA mutation group than that in controls (t=-3.536,P=0.003). Further linear regression analysis found that there was a significant linear correlation between CA125 and HE4 group (r=0.494,P<0.01), and the same correlation as CEA and CA199 group (r=0.897,P<0.01). (3) Single factor analysis showed that no significant differences were observed in onset age, FIGO stage, distant metastasis, and STM between BRCA+and BRCA- group (P>0.05), while significant differences were found in CA125 and sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy between the patients with BRCA mutation and wild type (P<0.05). The multiple factors analysis showed that the high level of CA125 was a independent risk factor of BRCA mutations in sporadic HGSOC (P=0.007). Conclusion The combination of CA125 with BRCA have great clinical significance, the mutation of BRCA gene could guild the clinical chemotherapy regiments.

Testicular torsion is one of the most common scrotal emergencies in urology, which often requires emergency surgery to preserve the turned testicle. There are many studies suggest that testis still has ischemia-reperfusion injury after detorsion, which will threaten the sex hormone levels and fertility of patients. This paper reviewed the research progress of testicular torsion in order to improve clinicians’ understanding of testicular torsion.

Lateral epicondylitis is a common clinical disease with characteristics of lateral elbow pain, insidious onset and easy recurrence, which can cause forearm pain and decreased wrist strength, seriously affecting patients′ daily life and work. Although there are various treatment methods for lateral epicondylitis with different effects, standard treatments are still lacking nowadays. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has good effects on bone and tendon repair, and is now widely used in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. However, there is a lack of a unified understanding of the technology and specifications of PRP in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. Therefore, the Sports Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Branch of the Chinese Medical Association organized experts in the fields of sports medicine and rehabilitation medicine in China to formulate the "clinical expert consensus on platelet-rich plasma treatment for lateral epicondylitis (2022 version)", and proposed suggestions based on evidence-based medicine mainly from the concept, epidemiology and pathophysiology of lateral epicondylitis, symptoms, signs and imaging manifestations of lateral epicondylitis, PRP concept and application component requirements, quality control of PRP preparation technology, indications and contraindications of PRP in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis, PRP injection in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis, application of PRP in the operation of lateral epicondylitis, related problems after PRP treatment of lateral epicondylitis, evaluation of the results after PRP treatment of lateral epicondylitis, and health and economic evaluation of PRP treatment of lateral epicondylitis, so as to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma usually occurs in the salivary glands of the head and neck. It is a malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy, resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and poor prognosis. The clinical course of adenoid cystic carcinoma is slow and easy to be misdiagnosed. The main diagnosis and treatment means are individualized and precise treatment under the multi-disciplinary consultation mode, that is, surgical treatment and radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is prone to relapse and hematologic metastasis, and the traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy based therapies have not achieved satisfactory efficacy in the past three decades. How to detect, diagnose and treat early is an urgent task faced by clinicians.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neck/pathology* ; Oropharynx/pathology* ; Diagnostic Errors

Gout is a metabolic disease closely associated with hyperuricemia and urate deposition. Because of the complex pathogenesis， high morbidity， multiple complications， and increasingly young patients， gout has received worldwide attention. Currently， western medicine mainly treats gout by lowering the uric acid level and reducing inflammation， which， however， causes serious adverse reactions and has contraindications. Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex （PCC） is the dried bark of Phellodendron chinense， with the effects of clearing heat， drying dampness， purging fire， detoxifying， and treating sores. Studies have shown that PCC and its active components have anti-inflammatory， pain-relieving， uric acid-lowering， and anti-gout activities， with extensive sources and high safety. PCC and its active components could prevent and treat gout through multi-targets and multi-pathways， whereas the systematic review remains to be carried out. Therefore， this paper summarized the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of PCC and its active components in the treatment of gout. The available studies have shown that PCC and its active components exert the anti-gout effect by lowering the uric acid level， reducing inflammation， alleviating oxidative stress， and regulationg intestinal flora， and protecting the kidneys. Particularly， the active components represented by alkaloids contribute obviously to the therapeutic effect of of PCC. Herein， we analyzed the problems and future development of the research on PCC， aiming to provide theoretical support and a scientific basis for the research and development of new drugs against gout.