0.05).RGR showed that the toxicity level of magnesium alloys was 0.And there was no significant abnormality found in biochemical indicators and pathological analysis after inplant in vivo.[Conclusion]Magnesium alloys showed good biocompatibility to L929 mouse fibroblasts,and had no cacoethic effect to test animals,so the magnesium alloys is possible to be a new type and potential of bone surgery implant materials.

[Objective]To observe mouse osteoblasts vitality,histomorphology and growing development in vitro co-culture combined with magnesium alloys,confirm the biocompatibility of magnesium alloys and osteoblasts,and try to find out the possibility of magnesium alloys to be a new type of bone surgery implant material.[Method]Mouse osteoblasts were checked by Gomori and Von kossa stained,cultured and developed in vitro.Then the osteoblasts were mixed with magnesium alloys in a cell density of 3?104/ml.After 24、48、72 hours co-culture,the surface of magnesium alloys were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and confocal microscopy to find the change of osteoblasts.[Result]After culture in vitro,the osteoblasts well developed,and expressed stable character.After co-culture with magnesium alloys,the cells adhered and proliferated on the surface of alloys very well from SEM and confocal microscopy observation,which showed the osteoblasts had great activity and reproduce capability.[Conclusion]Magnesium alloys showed good biocompatibility and bone conduction capability with mouse osteoblasts,so the magnesium alloy is very possible to be a new type of bone surgery implant material.

[Objective]To study the mechanism of magnesium alloy degradation and bone formation at the bone-implant interface after implanting a magnesium alloy into rat femur.[Method]SD rats femur were filled with magnesium alloy stick.Nine weeks later,animals were killed and femur were retrieved.Systematic investigations on the surface morphology,composition,structure of bone-implant were performed by means of metallurgical microscope,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy dispersive spectrum(EDS).Decalcified sections were prepared,and histologic examination was carried out.[Result]The bone response happened both on the surface of surrounding bone and the surface of magnesium alloy degradation layer while magnesium alloy degradating in rat femur.It was formed three layers at the interface of bone-implant: the metal layer,the degradation layer,and the new bone layer.Discontinuity connective tissue could be seen on the new bone layer but no inflammatory cells were found.[Conclusion]The new bone response at the interface of bone-implant is consistent with normal bone tissue.Magnesium alloys have good characters of degradation ability,osteogenesis ability,and histocompatibility.And the rate of degradation is corresponding to the rate of new bone formation.

Objective To investigate the genetic variations of Toxascaris leonina isolates from different hosts in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province. Methods The mitochondrial sequences of partial mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (pnad1) and pnad5 of eleven T. leonina isolates from domestic dogs, foxes and pet dogs in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, were amplified using PCR, and the amplification product was sequenced. The genetic variations of pnad1 and pnad5 genes in T. leonina isolates were analyzed. Results The sequences of T. leonina pnad1 and pnad5 genes measured 530 bp and 550 bp in size, respectively. The nucleotide sequence homology was 99.4% to 100.0% for T. leonina pnad1 gene and 99.5% to 99.8% for T. leonina pnad5 gene, and the sequences of T. leonina pnad1 and pnad5 genes shared 99.2% to 99.9% and 99.1% to 99.9% with corresponding sequences of known T. leonina isolates. In addition, there were 19 and 24 polymorphic sites detected in the sequences of T. leonina pnad1 and pnad5 genes, with 10 and 9 haplotypes, haplotype diversity of 0.982 and 0.964 and nucleotide diversity of 0.039 4 and 0.034 2, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on pnad1 and pnad5 gene sequences showed that the eleven T. leonina isolates and known T. leonina isolates were clustered into the same branch with a random distribution, which were close to the branch where Toxocara canis was clustered, and far from the branch where other Ascaris species were clustered. Conclusions There is a minor genetic variation in pnad1 and pnad5 genes of T. leonina isolates from different hosts in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, and the pnad1 gene is more suitable as a molecular marker than pnad5 gene for analysis of genetic variations in T. leonina.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of retrograde intramedullary nailing and cannulated screws in the treatment of femoral condylar fracture.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to June 2015, 13 patients with femoral condyles fracture were treated by retrograde intramedullary nailing and cannulated screws including 6 males and 7 females with an average age of 46.1 years old ranging from 16 to 76 years old. There were 10 cases of closed fractures, 3 cases of open fraetures. According to AO classification criteriam, 4 cases were type C1, 7 cases were type C2, 2 cases were type C3. Postoperative reduction of fracture and the knee joint function recovery were observed.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months with a mean of 24 months. X-ray examination showed that the union time of fracture was 18 to 24 weeks, 21 weeks on average. There were no cases of loosening, breakage of internal fixators and re-fracture. Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS) knee score was 90.07±4.99 at 1 year after the operation.

CONCLUSIONSThe clinical efficacy for retrograde intramedullary nailing and cannulated screw for the treatment of femoral condyles fracture was excellent. It can improve the anatomical reattachment rate and reduce the complications and promote the knee functional recovery.

Brown-Sequard Syndrome ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; complications ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed