Objective To summarize first aid and nursing key points of 3 patients with cranial orbital injury. Methods Three patients with cranial orbital injury were nursed from January 2014 to March 2014, including routine nursing, nursing of eye and cerebrospinal fluid leak and prevention of infection. Results The hospital stay of the 3 patients was from 8 to 23 d, during which 1 contracted cerebrospinal fluid leakage and another rupture of left eye ball. All patients were well recovered after discharge and could be self cared in life for their own, with one patient blind on the left eye and the other 2 with facial disfigurement. Conclusions The patients with cranial orbital injury is critical. Therefore, well done first aid and nursing are key for a better prognosis.

Objective:To explore the application effect of progressive case teaching method based on core competency in standardized nursing training.Methods:A total of 63 nursing students rotated in department of neurosurgery from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects and randomized into experimental group ( n=31) and control group ( n=32). The experimental group adopted the progressive case teaching method based on core competency, and the control group adopted the conventional teaching mode. The data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 to conduct t-test or non-parametric test based on the data normality for comparing the theory results, objective structure clinical examination (OSCE) scores, core competency, self-directed learning ability scores, teaching satisfaction and nursing satisfaction of patients in two wards between the two groups. Results:The theoretical results ( t=4.74, P<0.001) and OSCE scores ( t=3.81, P<0.001) of the experimental group were better than those of the control group. The scores of core competency and autonomous learning ability ( t=4.32, P<0.001) of the experimental group were better than those of the control group. The teaching satisfaction score ( t=2.21, P=0.044) and patient satisfaction score ( t=2.92, P=0.011) of the observation group were better than those of the control group. Conclusion:The progressive case teaching method based on core competency can improve the post competency of nurses, and also improve the teaching satisfaction rate and patient satisfaction rate, which is worthy of being carried out in the subsequent teaching activities.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy, safety and surgical experience of middle meningeal artery embolization using polyvinyl alcohol particle in treating chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).Methods:A total of 51 CSDH patients (25 accepted first treatment, 19 had invalid atorvastatin treatment, and 7 recurred after burr hole drainage) admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from May 2021 to August 2022 were enrolled. The characteristics of middle meningeal artery were evaluated by three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D TOF) MRA before embolization. With confirmation of no surgical contraindications, unilateral or bilateral embolization of the middle meningeal artery with polyvinyl alcohol particle was performed under local anesthesia. The hematoma recurrence rate and proportion of patients with reduction of maximum hematoma thickness>50% at 2 months after embolization were used as primary outcomes to evaluate the efficacy. Complications and embolization-related adverse events were recorded, and the experiences were retrospectively summarized.Results:For all 51 patients, the characteristics of the middle meningeal artery shown in the preoperative 3D TOF MRA were consistent with those in the intraoperative angiography; 16 patients with unilateral hematoma showed thickened bilateral middle meningeal arteries in preoperative 3D TOF MRA, bilateral blood supply was confirmed by intraoperative angiography and bilateral middle meningeal artery embolization was performed. Interventional embolization was successful in all 51 patients, including unilateral embolization in 19 and bilateral embolization in 32, with a total of 83 sides of embolizations. After embolization, hematoma was absorbed and symptoms improved in 48 patients, and hematoma recurrence was observed in 3 patients (5.9%), with an overall success rate of 94.1%. Excluding the 3 patients with hematoma recurrence, 39 patients completed the 2-month follow-up, and these patients had the maximum hematoma thickness reduction>50%. No mortality, complications or surgery-related adverse events were observed in them.Conclusion:Middle meningeal artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol particle is safe and effective in treating CSDH; once bilateral middle meningeal artery blood supply is indicated by preoperative MRA in patients with unilateral hematoma, bilateral angiography and embolization should be considered during interventional treatment.