Objective To study the antagonism of taurine-zinc coordination compound (TZC) to the adverse effect of mercury (Hg) on the neurons in the cerebral cortex. Methods 32 male Wistar rats aged 21days were randomly divided into 4 groups, one control group (fed on distilled water), three experimental groups fed on HgCl2 (0.06 g/L), HgCl2+0.23 g/L TZC and HgCl2+0.46 g/L TZC respectively, treated for one month. The NOS activity in the cerebral cortex neurons was determined by NADPH-d histochemistry. Results NADPH-d positive neurons increased in HgCl2 group (P

Objective To research the special manifestations of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP) in carcinoma of pancreatic head.Methods MRCP in 22 cases with pancreatic head carcinoma confirmed by operation and pathology (including SE sequences with T1WI and fat saturation,FSE with T2WI and fat saturation and MRCP in coronal sectior) were performed before operations.Additional CE MRA on abdominal vessels including abdominal ateries, portal veins and superior mesenteric arteries and their veins in 16 cases also examined before operations. Results Carcinomas of the pancreatic head were diagnosed correctly by MRCP in 21 cases, and 1 case was misdiagnosed as chronic pancreatitis. MRCP all demonstrated abrupt interruption at pancreatic head segments of dilated left common bile duct and main pancreatic duct at the pancreatic head ones, their left segments were dilate with higher signal and both didn't cross each other, because they were destroyed by carcinomas of pancreatic head. Destruction and no cross each other of pancreatic head segments of choledochus and main pancreas duct,it was called "no cross sign". CE MRA demonstrated destruction of abdominal ateries in 3 cases, portal vein in 3 cases and superior mesenteric vein in 4 cases and not being resected.Conclusion "No cross sign"on MRCP examination is of important value in diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreatic head.

Objective To explore the effect of the combined therapy on tension-type headache after acute brain trauma.Methods Fourteen patients with mild brain trauma and complained severe headache diagnosed as tension-type headache were treated by nerve and pain points block with a mixture of 0.4% lidocaine, triamcinolone acetonide 10 mg accompanied by celecoxib and eperisone. After the block, the degree of pain severity and the duration of headache were observed and recorded. The therapeutic effects were evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS).Results There was a significant decrease in the degree of pain severity and the duration of headache after treatment ( P<0.01).Conclusion The combined therapy mainly including nerve block has a significant effect on tension-type headache after acute brain trauma.

BACKGROUND: Based on the multi-directional differentiation potential,the combined application of proper biological materials and growth factor can repair tissue defect.OBJECTIVE: To observe the growth characteristics of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their osteogenic potential under the induced condition.DESIGN: A single sample experiment.SETTING: The Department of Histology and Embryology of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities.MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at the Department of Histology and Embryology of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities in June 2004. Male new Zealand rabbits, with a body mass of 2.0 to 2.5 kg,were provided.METHODS: Rabbit bone marrow tissue was extracted. After gradient centrifugation, adherent cells were kept for cell passage. Culture medium was used for inducing culture of osteoblast when the passage was stable (50 mL/L of Dulbecco modified culture medium of bovine serum containing 10 mmol/L of β-sodium glycerophosphate, 10 nmol/L of dexamethasone, 50 mg/L of vitamine C). The culture medium was changed every other day. Osteogenic characteristics of the bone marrow-derived mensenchymal stem cells were observed under an inverted microscope after alkaline phosphatase immunohistological staining, osteonectin and osteopontin immunocytochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphological observation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; ② Osteogenic characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.RESULTS: ① Morphological observation of bone marrow-derived mensenchymal stem cells: Primary rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells could cover the Petri dish fully in 7 or8 days and could passage stably. Generative cells began to passage in 5 or 6 days. ② Osteogenic characteristics of bone marrow-derived mensenchymal stem cells:Alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemical staining showed a lot of brown particles in the kytoplasm, but no colored cells were found in the control group. Osteonectin and osteopontin immunohistochemical detection found that the nucleus was light blue and a lot of brown particles appeared in the kytoplasm, presenting obvious strong positive, but no brown particles appeared in the control group.CONCLUSION: After combined induced culture with dexamethasone, vitamine C and β-sodiumglycerophosphate, rabbit bone marrow mensenchymal stem cells showed the morphological and biological characteristics of osteoblasts with osteoblastic activity, and were able to supply autologous seed cells for constructing in vitro tissue engineered bone in a short period of time.

Objective To explore the mutation of RET gene exon 11 in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma and to clarify the relationship between RET mutation and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from 17 sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma tissues. Exon 11 of RET gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, analyzed by automated DNA sequencer after purification and results were compared with normal sequence. Results RET mutation was detected in 1 of 17 cases and the mutation revealed the wrong base at the position 15165(G→A) and the missense codon at 691 (ser 691 →lys). Conclusion The low rate of RET exon 11 mutation in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas indicate that the key gene mutations may locate on other exons of RET gene or other genes.

Objective To dynamically analyze the antibodies with regard to in vitro serum bacteri-cidal activity and the quantity of IgG in healthy adults received one dose of immunization with ACYW 135 me-ningococcal polysaccharide vaccine .To investigate the term of protection with polysaccharide vaccine and the correlation between bactericidal titer and IgG concentration .Methods Twenty healthy adults were given one dose of immunization with quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine .Serum samples were col-lected before and after vaccination at specific time points .Test for serum bactericidal activity ( SBA ) and quantitative ELISA were performed to detect bactericidal titers and IgG concentrations in serum samples .Re-sults Certain levels of antibodies against capsular polysaccharides of serogroup A , C, Y and W135 strains had already existed prior to immunization .Moreover, bactericidal titers against serogroup A , Y and W135 strains except serogroup C strain were relatively high .Specific IgG concentrations and bactericidal titers for all serogroup stains were significantly increased on day 15 after vaccination (P<0.05), and then sustained at a high level during a time period from day 30 to day 160.Both IgG concentrations and bactericidal titers dropped to the levels similar to that before preimmunization in about 3 years.No significant correlation was observed between bactericidal titers and IgG concentrations (r<0.3, P>0.05).However, a close correla-tion was demonstrated between GMTs and GMCs of serum samples (r>0.7, P<0.05).Conclusion The geometric mean titers ( GMTs) and geometric mean concentrations ( GMCs) of serum samples collected be-fore and after vaccination at different time points were reliable and consistent parameters for the evaluation of vaccine .The term of protection of quadivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine was about 3 years upon a single dose of immunization .

Objective To establish a standardized quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent as-say ( ELISA) recommended by WHO for the detection of human IgG antibodies specific for Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides ( Pn PS ELISA ) .Methods According to the WHO recommended standard Pn PS ELISA protocol , capsular polysaccharide concentrations of 13 serotypes (1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F) of Streptococcus pneumonia for coating were optimized;the ELISA plates and AP conjugated goat anti-human IgG antibody for the detection were experimentally selected .Using the established assay parameters assured by testing quality control standards ( QCs) provided by WHO refer-ence laboratory , a panel of 16 LIBP ( Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co .Ltd.) QCs were measured for comparison analysis between WHO reference laboratory and LIBP laboratory .In the meantime , the range of IgG concentrations of an internal QC panel 907 for 13 serotypes of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide were established for routine QC work in LIBP laboratory , and inter-assay precision within LIBP laboratory was assessed as well .Results The standardized Pn PS ELISA assay established in LIBP laboratory met the criteria required by WHO .There was a high correlation between the data collected by WHO reference labora -tory and LIBP laboratory (slope=0.94, coefficient of correlation r=0.97, P<0.05).Eighty one percent of IgG concentrations measured by LIBP laboratory were within the range of ±40%of those measured by WHO reference laboratory , which met the criteria of 75%data falling within the ambit of ±40%of assigned values commonly used for comparison .The ranges of IgG concentration in LIBP QC 907 for 13 serotypes had been established.The inter-assay precision in LIBP laboratory was high with coefficiency of variation ( CV) less than 30%.Conclusion LIBP laboratory has successfully established the standardized ELISA recommended by WHO for quantitative detection of human IgG antibodies against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (Pn PS ELISA).The range of IgG concentrations in LIBP QC 907 for 13 serotypes of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide are also established for routine quality-control practice .

Objective To re-evaluate the immunogenicity of meningococcal serogroups A and C polysaccharide vaccine among a healthy population of age 5 to 59.Methods Pre and post-vaccination ser-um samples were collected from the subjects involved in a randomized , controlled clinical trial conducted in 2005 at Hechi, Guangxi, China.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed for the quan-titative detection of specific anti-capsule IgG antibody against meningococcal serogroups A and C in serum samples.Serum bactericidal assay ( SBA) was used to measure the bactericidal antibody activity against se-rougroups A and C bacterial strains .Results Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) of specific anti-cap-sule IgG antibody were 23.66 μg/ml and 78.83 μg/ml for serogroup A (P<0.05), and 1.23 μg/ml and 51.25 μg/ml for serogroup C (P<0.05) in serum samples of pre and post-vaccination, respectively.Be-fore immunization , 99% of serum samples ( 97/98 ) showed serogroup A-specific IgG concentration ≥2μg/ml, which reached up to 100%(98/98) after vaccination (P>0.05).The percentage of serum sam-ples with serogroup C-specific IgG concentration ≥2 μg/ml rose from 20%to 99% after vaccination ( P<0.05).The ratio of positive serum samples with at least four times of increases in concentration of specific IgG against serogroup A and serogroup C after vaccine immunization were 34% and 100%, respectively . The rSBA geometric mean titers ( GMTs) for serogroups A and C in serum sample of post-vaccination were respectively elevated from 1164 to 5530 (P<0.05), and from 4 to 6225 (P<0.05).The percentage of se-rum samples with rSBA GMTs≥128 increased from 91% to 99% for serogroup A (P>0.05), and from 14%to 96%for serogroup C (P<0.05) after vaccination.The rSBA GMTs with at least four times of in-creases after vaccination were detected respectively in 53% and 100% of serogroups A and C vaccinated subjects.Pearson correlation coefficient between IgG concentration and rSBA GMTs was r=0.15 (pre) and r=0.23 (post) for serogroup A, and r=-0.14 (pre) and r=0.58 (post) for serogroup C (P<0.05). Conclusion This study has demonstrated an efficient and sustained immunogenicity with meningococcal sero -groups A and C polysaccharide vaccine as evidenced by the data from standardized assays of ELISA and SBA .

Objective To prepare a human meningococcal reference serum and standardize IgG concentrations to capsular polysaccharides and in vitro bactericidal activities of the reference serum against serogroup A, C, Y and W135 strains.Methods Twenty healthy adults were recruited and given one dose of immunization with tetravalent (serogroups A, C, Y and W135) meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine . Plasma samples were collected and gone through a series of process treatments including defibrination , filtra-tion, and lyophilization to prepare the meningococcal reference serum Men 10.The IgG concentrations of Men10 to capsular polysaccharides of serogroups A , C, Y and W135 were calibrated by using an internation-al reference serum CDC1992 as the standard in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Provisional IgG concentrations of Men10 were intensively validated by testing a panel of 12 calibration serum samples from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , USA ( US CDC) and a panel of 56 serum samples immu-nized with A, C, Y and W135 meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine from Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd.(LIBP) with the assays using Men10 and CDC1992 as the standard and/or test sam-ples, respectively.The bactericidal titers against serogroup A , C, Y and W135 strains were measured by se-rum bactericidal assay (SBA).Results Four thousand vials (0.5 ml/vial)of lyophilized human meningo-coccal reference serum Men10 were successfully prepared with 2.5%of residual moisture .Reference serum Men10 was sterile and free from contamination by hepatitis B virus , hepatitis C virus , human immunodefi-ciency virus and syphilis .Provisional IgG concentration of Men 10 to capsular polysaccharide of serogroups A, C, Y and W135 was calibrated by using CDC1992 as the standard.Furthermore, IgG concentrations of both panels of 12 CDC calibration serum samples and 56 LIBP serum samples calibrated by using Men 10 as the standard correlated well with those by using CDC1992 as the standard (r=0.99,P<0.05).The IgG concentrations of CDC1992 as calibrated by using Men10 as the standard showed significant correlation with its previously determined values with variation <10%.SBA titers for serotype A , C, Y and W135 strains were established as well .Conclusion A panel of new human meningococcal reference serum Men 10 with accurately calibrated IgG concentration against capsular polysaccharide of serogroups A , C, Y and W135 as well as SBA titers was successfully established .

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of external fixator and locking plate internal fixation via middle volar minimally invasive approach in the treatment of distal radius fractures.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on the clinical data of 51 patients with distal radius fractures admitted from October 2014 to August 2016.There were 21 males and 30 females,aged 41-78 years (mean,57 years).According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into minimally invasive plate group (25 cases) which adopted locking plate internal fixation via middle volar minimally invasive approach and external fixator group (26 cases) with closed reduction of external fixator.The AO classification of the fractures in minimally invasive plate group was as follows:A2 in four cases,A3 in five cases,B1 in four cases,B2 in two cases,B3 in seven cases,and C1 in three cases.The AO classification of the fractures in external fixator group was as follows:A2 in three cases,A3 in six cases,B1 in five cases,B2 in three cases,B3 in seven cases,and C1 in two cases.The total incision length,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,preoperative and postoperative radial height,palmar inclination angle,ulnar deviation angle,pain visual analogue score (VAS),wrist active motion range (palmar flexion,dorsal extension,pronation,supination,radial deviation,and ulnar deviation),relative contralateral grip force,and wrist function Mayo score were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in the total length of incision,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,VAS 3 d after operation,radius height,ulnar deviation,and radius height,palm inclination and ulnar deviation at 14 months after operation between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The palmar inclination was (9.6-± 0.6) ° in the minimally invasive plate group and (7.9 ± 0.6) ° in the external fixator group (P ＜ 0.05).The wrist active motion range (palmar flexion,dorsal extension,pronation,supination,radial deviation,and ulnar deviation) and relative contralateral grip strength 3 months after operation in the minimally invasive plate group were significantly better than those in the external fixator group (P ＜ 0.05).However,the Mayo score of wrist function at 14 months after operation was (88.7 ± 12.7)points in the minimally invasive plate group and (88.7 ± 13.1)points in the external fixator group (P ＞ 0.05).Minimally invasive plate group showed median nerve stimulation in one case.External fixator group showed redness around the nail,increased temperature,and increase secretion of the infection in one case,and joint stiffness in one case after external fixation removal.But all symptoms were improved or resolved after treatment.Conclusion Both locking plate via minimally invasive approach and external fixator can achieve good results in the treatment of distal radius fractures,but the former method has better effects on early functional recovery than the latter one.