BACKGROUND:The treatment of diabetic foot has become a“bottleneck”. The transplantation of autologous bone marrow or peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells is a new way for the treatment of diabetic foot in recent years.
OBJECTIVE:To review the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and the integrin in treatment of diabetes foot by transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells.
METHODS:The first author searched PubMed database and Chinese periodical ful-text database for related articles published between January 1998 and December 2012, withdiabetic foot, endothelial progenitor cells, VEGFR-2, integrin, synergistic effectin English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 98 articles were searched, and 60 were included after excluding repetitive articles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the diabetic foot treatment, autologous bone marrow or peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells has around increasing attention, and gradual y become the focus of this field. Therapy with endothelial progenitor cells has gradual y developed into a new method for diabetic foot. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and the integrin may exhibit synergistic effects in the treatment of diabetes foot. However, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Further studies are needed to wel understand their mechanism of action.

Objective: To explore the application value of inflow reversal recovery (IFIR) sequence in portal vein imaging after liver transplantation. Methods IFIR sequence imaging and contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) were performed successively on the upper abdomen in 26 patients after liver transplantation. The portal vein display quality of 2 kinds of images was scored and compared independently by 2 radiologists. The diameter of anastomotic stoma was measured and compared, and the consistency of image quality scores and anastomotic diameters were evaluated between the 2 radiologists. Results Both IFIR sequence and CE-MRA could show the main portal vein and the proximal left and right branches of the portal vein in 26 patients, and the image quality score ≥3 points was 92.31% (24/26) and 96.15% (25/26), respectively. There was no significant difference of image quality score of IFIR sequence and CE-MRA evaluated by 2 radiologists (radiologist 1: Z=-1.077, P=0.282; radiologist 2: Z=-0.629, P=0.529), nor of the measured diameter of anastomosis between IFIR sequence and CE-MRA (radiologist 1: t=0.369, P=0.546; radiologist 2: t=0.020, P=0.889). The consistency of image quality scores and anastomotic diameters evaluated by the 2 radiologists was good. Conclusion IFIR sequence can be used as an effective method to evaluate portal vein after liver transplantation.

Objective To understand the features of health human resources(HHR) in our country and the current situation of studies of them so as to provide basis for planning and predicting HHR and standardizing their distribution. Methods Computer retrieval was combined with manual retrieval in surveying domestic data banks of relevant medical literature and academic periodicals. Results There has been rapid growth in the number of HHR, with uneven distribution, unbalanced specialty setups, academic degrees on the low side, and irrational proportions of professional and technical posts. In addition, studies of HHR have been mostly descriptive, adopting relatively single perspectives and ignoring research on the mobility and quality of HHR. Conclusion It is imperative to intensify microscopic studies of HHR, tap the potentiality of HHR, doing a good job of HHR distribution and planning, and conduct studies on the interaction between HHR and medical education so as to explore ways and models of replenishing HHR and training innovation-oriented academic leaders.

Objective To investigate nasomaxlllary complex facial soft tissue changes after the treatment with maxillary protraction appliance with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion with a retruded maxilla.Methods Thirty growing subjects with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusions with maxillary retrognathism were selected and treated by facial mask(male 15,female 15,with an average age of 10.5).They were given a maxillary protraction treatment with face mask for 6-8 months.Cephalometric measurements about nasomaxillary complex soft tissue changes were analyzed to draw the statistic conclusion.Results After maxillary protraction treatment,PraY,nasofrontal angle,As-Y,UL-Y,UL-E,S-Ns-Sn increased (P ＜ 0.01) ; M-Y increased (P ＜ 0.05) ; LL-E,PosY,nasolabial angle decreased (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the Ns-Y and columella-tip angle.Conclusion After maxillary protraction treatment,nasomaxillary complex area becomes more marked.Both the nasomaxillary complex soft tissue and lower facial profile are dramatically improved.The combining effect of these two changes results in a more harmony profile.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.002

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Tao-He Cheng-Qi Decoction (THCQD) on tissue injury of different organs among rats with sepsis. A total of 100 Kunming male SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into five groups, which were the normal control group, model 6 h control group, model 12 h control group, THCQD 6 h group and THCQD 12 h group. The normal control group received no treatment. The classic CLP method was ap-plied in the establishment of sepsis rat model in other groups. Intragastric administration of saline 1 ml/100 g (weight) was given to each rat in the model group every day. Intragastric administration of THCQD 1 ml/100 g (weight) was given to each rat in the THCQD group every day. The model was established after 7 days. Tissue speci-mens of lung, heart, kidney, liver, and small intestine were collected at 6 h and 12 h after modeling, respectively. Pathomorphological changes of each group were observed by light microscopy and electron microscope. The results showed that compared with the model group at the same time point, pathomorphological changes of tissues of the lung, heart, kidney in THCQD group were not significant. However, pathomorphology of tissues of the liver and small intestine changed significantly in the THCQD 12h group. And there were statistical differences (P < 0.05) between two groups in the score of pathomorphology. It was concluded that THCQD had protective effect on tissues of the liv-er and small intestine among rats with sepsis. However, the mechanism is not clear and requires further research.

Objective To observe the effects of Suhuang Zhike capsules(SZC) on the guinea pig model of cough variant asthma(CVA), and to explore its therapeutic mechanism. Methods Fifty guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, prednisone acetate tablets group, and high-and low-dose SZC groups. With reference to the related literatures, we set up the guinea pig model of CVA. The observation indexes included cough frequency, lung histopathology, the percentage of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the serum levels of interleukin 4(IL-4), interferon gamma(IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and immunoglobumin E(IgE). Results Compared with the normal control group, the cough frequency of the model group was significantly increased(P<0.05); compared with the model group, the cough frequency of high-dose SZC group was reduced obviously(P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group , the percentage of eosinophils in BALF of the model group was significantly increased(P < 0.05); the percentage of eosinophils of the three medication groups was lower than that of the model group (P<0.05). The pathological changes of lung tissue in the medication groups were relieved compared to the model group. Compared with the normal control group, the serum IL-4, TN F-α and IgE levels of the model group were increased significantly (P < 0 . 05); compared with the model group , the serum IL-4 and TN F-α levels of prednisone acetate tablets group were significantly decreased, and the serum TNF-α and IgE levels of high-dose SZC group were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion SZC could reduce the serum, TNF-α and IgE levels , and relieve the cough symptom, airway inflammation and the lung tissue pathology in CVA guinea pig, so as to achieve the therapeutic effect on CVA.

Objective To evaluate the effect of butorphanol combined with dexmedetomidine on postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in patients.Methods One hundred and twenty patients,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or],aged 20-64 yr,weighing 45-88 kg,undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery,were randomly allocated into 4 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),butorphanol group (group B),dexmedetomidine group (group D) and dexmedetomidine + butorphanol group (group B+D).In group D,dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg was infused at 10 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by continuous infusion at 0.7 μg·kg 1·h-1 until the end of operation.In group C,the equal volume of normal saline was given instead before skin incision.In group B,butorphanol 20 μg/kg was injected immediately before skin incision.In group B+D,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused at 10 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until the end of operation,and butorphanol 15 μg/kg was injected immediately before skin incision.Anesthesia is induced with iv midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,sufentanyl 0.2-0.3 μg/kg,rocuronium 0.7 mg/kg and propofol 2.0 mg/kg.After tracheal intubation,all the patients are mechanically ventilated,and PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45 mmHg.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of remifentanil 0.3 μg · kg-1 · min 1 and propofol 4-6 mg·kg 1·h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg.BIS value was maintained at 40-60.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with sufentanil was used after operation,and VAS score was maintained ≤ 3.At 30 and 60 min and 6,12,24 and 48 h after operation,the sufentanil consumption was recorded.The development of bradycardia and hypotension during operation and postoperative nausea and vomiting,dizziness and somnolence was recorded.Results Compared with group C,the sufentanil consumption and incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased in B,D and B+D groups,the incidence of dizziness and somnolence was increased in group B,and the incidence of bradycardia and hypotension was increased in group D.There was no significant difference in sufentanil consumption between B,D and B+D groups.The incidence of dizziness and somnolence was significantly lower in group B + D than in group B.The incidence of bradycardia,hypotension and somnolence was significantly lower in group B + D than in group D.Conclusion Butorphanol combined with dexmedetomidine provides better efficacy than either alone in reducing postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in patients.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of AMPK on apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in COPD rats.Methods:the rats were divided into three groups:control group,model group,AICAR intervention group,establishment of rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by smoking smoke inhalation and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide.The HE staining of rat lung tissue pathological observation,immunohistochemical detection of p-AMPK /AMPK,western blot the expression of Caspase-3,ORP 150,and CHOP.Apoptosis were detected by TUNEL method.Results:the HE staining showed that the model group of pulmonary bullae formation,inflammatory cell infiltration,inflammatory ceils in AICAR group was lower than that of model group.Compared with the normal control group,immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that p-AMPK/AMPK and ORP150 protein expression decreased in the model group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05),and AICAR in the intervention group p-AMPK/AMPK and ORP150 protein expression were significantly increased compared with the model group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Endoplasmic reticulum stress related apoptosis The expression of CHOP and caspase-3 apoptosis index increased significantly in the model group,there was significant difference compared with normal group (P＜0.05),while in group AICAR,apoptosis index down significantly compared with the model group.Conclusion:AMPK can protect alveolar epithelial cells from cigarette smoke induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis,it was possible to achieve its protective effect the increase of ORP150.

Objective To explore the effect of duraphat varnish on reducing orthodontic tooth enamel demineralization around brackets.Methods We Selected 30 patients aged 12 to 14 years old in orthodontic Departrnent of Shenyang Stomatological Hospital from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 and carried out rectification scheme to pull out the first premolar after test.The full mouth dental were divided into four parts by the quadrant and the first premolars of different groups were coated with Tooth Mousse,Fluor Protector and saline (as control group),duraphat varnish (as experimental group) respectively.Every group included 30 teeth.Three months later,We observed the demineralization of the teeth.The enamel decalcification of all quarters were detected by DI-AGNOdent.Results The rate of enamel demineralization in the experimental group was 10.0％,that in the Tooth Mousse group was 13.3％,the 0.1％ Fluor Protector group 23.3％,the saline group 53.3％.There were significant statistical difference of the rate of enamel demineralization between the Duraphat varnish group and 0.1％ Fluor Protector group,and that between the Duraphat varnish group and the saline group (P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistical difference of that between the Duraphat varnish group and the Tooth Mousse group (P ＞0.05).There were no statistical difference of DIAGNOdent reading between the experimental group and the control groups before bonding(P ＞ 0.05).After bonding,one month later and three months later,there was no statistical difference of DIAGNOdent reading between the Duraphat varnish group and the Tooth Mousse group (P ＞ 0.05).There was significant statistical difference of that between the Duraphat varnish group and 0.1％ Fluor Protector group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Duraphat varnish can reduce the tooth enamel demineralization more effectively than 0.1％ Fluor Protector and saline in orthodontic treatment,and also can be used for children who were wearing fixed orthodontic appliances.