Objective To investigate the key nursing points during and after phacoemulsification and intraocular implantation of multiple focus lens.Method Pre-and post-operative nursing was done to the patients undergoing cataract surgery for 42 eyes of 42 patients.Result All surgeries were well done without complication.The patients’visual acuity had significant improvement after operation as compared to the pre-operation(P<0.05).Conclusions Intraocular implantation with a multiple focus lens can markedly improve the patients’vision and enhance their life quality.It is important for a nurse to conduct mental care,health education and complete preoperative examination. After surgery,the disease conditions should be carefully monitored and instructs on eye protection should be done to the patients for the purpose of promoting their recovery.

Objective To review the trends of survival rates and complications in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants and to improve the prognosis of ELBW infants.Method From January 1999 to December 2015,ELBW infants in our hospital were retrospectively studied.Their survival rates and complications were compared among groups with different birth weight,and the risk factors for survival were identified using multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis.Result A total of 243 ELBW infant were collected.The median gestational age of ELBW infant was 27.3 weeks (23 ～ 34 weeks),and their median birth weight was 890 g (490 ～ 995 g).Excluding 40 cases refused treatment,the cure and survival rates of the remaining 203 ELBW infants were 43.8％ (89/203) and 65.0％ (132/203),respectively.The survival rate in ELBW infant with birth weight ＜ 600 g was 0/3,increased to 70.8％ (68/96) when birth weight was 900 ～ 999 g,with an ascending trend with increased birth weight (x2 trend =12.673,P ＜0.001).The most common complications of 243 cases were neonatal respiration distress syndrome [87.7％ (213/243)],sepsis [45.3％ (110/243)],intraventricular hemorrhage [37.4％ (91/243)],bronchopulmonary dysplasia [36.6％ (89/243)] and pheumonia [36.6％ (89/243)].The incidence of complications (including intracerebral hemorrhage and hydrocephalus),decreased with increased birth weight.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis found that birth weight below 800 g (＜ 700 g:OR =22.333,95％ CI 1.493 ～ 334.148,P =0.024;700 ～ 799 g:OR =3.573,95％ CI 1.075 ～ 11.874,P =0.038),stage Ⅲ necrotizing enterocolitis (OR =8.803,95％ CI 1.308 ～ 59.244,P =0.025),stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ of intraventricular hemorrhage (OR =8.902,95％ CI 1.127 ～ 70.338,P =0.038) and mechanical ventilation (OR =3.597,95％ CI 1.043 ～ 12.410,P =0.043) were risk factors affecting the ELBW infant's survival.Conclusion As birth weight increases,the survival rate also increases,and the rate of complications decreases.Birth weight,stage Ⅲ necrotizing enterocolitis,stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ intraventricular hemorrhage and mechanical ventilation are risk factors for the ELBW infant's survival.

Objective To determine the effect of PGE1 on liver microcirculation disturbance following orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.Methods Forty male adult Wistar rats were divided randomly into 3 groups. Eight transplantations were established in both the experimental and control group, while in the sham group, the liver was dissected like in the experimental group, but no resection was performed. In the experimental group, PGE1 (0.5 μg/kg*min-1) was injected intravenously into the donor before the operation, and added (1 mg/L)to the flush and preservation fluid, while PGE1 was replaced by normal saline in the control group. Confocal laser scan microscopy, biochemical test, and optical and electronic microscopy were used.Results In the control group the reperfusion state was poor,leukocyte infiltration appeared in the center of lobule,and transaminase rose after transplantation. In the experimental group distinctive improvement was seen as compared with the control group (P<0.05). Histological findings showed progressive degeneration and necrosis following transplantation in the control group, while in the experimental group the histological changes were improved to some degree by the use of PGE1.Conclusions In liver transplantation, ischemic reperfusion damage may lead to hepatic microcirculation disturbance, which is the major cause of graft failure. Infusing PGE1 into the donor intravenously before ischemia and adding PGE1 to the cold storage fluid could improve hepatic microcirculation, and thus reducing ischemic reperfusion damage in liver transplantation.In liver transplantation, ischemic reperfusion damage may lead to hepatic microcirculation disturbance, which is the major cause of graft failure. Infusing PGE1 into the donor intravenously before ischemia and adding PGE1 to the cold storage fluid could improve hepatic microcirculation, and thus reducing ischemic reperfusion damage in liver transplantation.