Objective To establish the rational antibiotic treatment by accurate screening of highlevel aminoglycoside (HLA) resistant enterococci in clinical laboratory. Methods A single HLA gentamicin 500 μg/ml and streptomycin 200 μg/ml for agar dilution method, and gentamicin 120 μg/disk and streptomycin 300 μg/disk for disk diffusion method were used as parallel screening tests to detect high-level aminoglycoside resistance in 172 enterococci strains. Antibiotic time-kill test was performed to verify the accuracy and reliability of both methods. Results The resistant rates of the two methods for HLA gentamicin were 60.0％ and 59.3％, respectively. While for HLA streptomycin, both were 61.1%. In disk diffusion tests of 172 enterococci strains, the resistant rates for penicillin, ampicillin and vancomycin were 16.9 %,14.0%, and 1.7%, respectively. β-lactamase from 80 strains enterococci were all negative. Conclusion High-concentration aminoglycoside disk diffusion method is a simple, reliable method for screening the HLA resistant enterococci in clinical laboratory. The results can provide a rational base for physicians to treat enterococcal infections.

Objective To establish the rational antibiotic treatment by accurate screening of high level aminoglycoside (HLA) resistant enterococci in clinical laboratory. Methods A single HLA genta micin 500 ?g/ml and streptomycin 200 ?g/ml for agar dilution method, and gentamicin 120 ?g/disk and streptomycin 300 ?g/disk for disk diffusion method were used as parallel screening tests to detect high level aminoglycoside resistance in 172 enterococci strains. Antibiotic time kill test was performed to verify the accuracy and reliability of both methods.Results The resistant rates of the two methods for HLA gentamicin were 60.0% and 59.3%,respectively. While for HLA streptomycin, both were 61.1%. In disk diffusion tests of 172 enterococci strains, the resistant rates for penicillin, ampicillin and vancomycin were 16.9%, 14.0%, and 1.7%, respectively. ? lactamase from 80 strains enterococci were all negative. Conclusion High concentration aminoglycoside disk diffusion method is a simple, reliable method for screening the HLA resistant enterococci in clinical laboratory. The results can provide a rational base for physicians to treat enterococcal infections.

Objective To study the value of color Doppler ultrasonography in assessing the severity of deep venous insufficiency of the lower extremities.Methods Forty-five patients (46 lower extremities) in patient group confirmed as venous insufficiency by descending phlebography and 20 volunteers (40 lower extremities) in control group were assessed by color Doppler ultrasonography. The results of 45 patients were compared with those of 20 volunteers.Results The diameters of superficial femoral vein measured by color Doppler ultrasonography were correlated with the severity of venous reflux showed in phlebography(r=(0.771),P(0.05)).Conclusions The reflux distance in superficial femoral vein is a useful parameter in assessing the degree of venous insufficiency.

Three-dimensional virtual surgery experiment is the application of virtual reality technology in the medical field.Doctors use the information in the virtual environment to develop surgical planning,surgical drills.surgical teaching,surgical skills training,to lead the surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation,and the information is available for surgery every sur-gical member to share.Virtual Surgery experiments combined with the real operation together constitute complete experimental teaching system,making telemedicine experimental teaching methods and teaching content rich and varied.

Osteoporosis complicated with fracture is a common and severe condition. This paper summarizes present advances and new concepts in its treatment. Since the secondary osteoporosis will likely develop after fracture treatment with immobilization, more and more bone mass will get lost in addition to primary osteoporosis. A vicious cycle will be established and influence the fracture healing. Therefore, the key to the treatment is to block the vicious cycle to stop or decrease the bone loss. As a routine measure, to do exercises and weight- bearing activities as early as possible is as important as to take medicines for osteoporosis treatment. Stable internal fixation and prosthetic replacement should be firstly chosen for treatment of most fractures. In drug treatment, calcitonin, bisphosphonate (alendronate), HRT (Livial), vitamins D2 and D3, and calcium are indicated.

Chinese medicine has developed rapidly in the world, but the international standard system has not been established, further affecting the healthy development of Chinese medicine. Technical status of the member states are closely related to the current legislation and regulations in the development of Chinese medicine, which is important for developing international standards for TCM strategies. By the findings of ISO Technical Committee of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ISO/TC249) 7 European P member (Participating countries) International Traditional/Alternative Medicine (TM/CAM) legislative status, herbal medicine in each member country has a large market, a good environment for the development of some countries. After“The EU Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products Directive 2004/24/EC”issued by the member states for the registration and management in European, regulation of herbal products become more stringent. There are relatively small quantity of TM/CAM practitioners, lack of education for practitioners and standardized management.

The regulations of unregistered herbal medicine had important changes in the UK after the EU Directive 2004/24/EC promulgation. British Drugs Act was amended to allow the sale of unregistered herbal medicine by registered practitioners, however, the regulations about the register of parishioners has not been issued yet. At the same time, the unregistered herbal medicine can be sold during the transitional period. But as problems about unregistered herbal medicine security appeared frequently, MHRA decided that the deadline for transitional period was April 30, 2014 through the consulting from all sectors of society. Therefore, the TCM practitioners in the UK cannot sell, and even have no right to sell unregistered herbal medicine after this date, which will bring a huge obstacle on the TCM development in the UK.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) developed rapidly in the world, but the TCM international standard system has not been established, affecting the healthy development of TCM. To develop TCM international standardization strategy must master the current technical legislation and regulation status related to TCM. Through TM/CAM legislative investigation of the 4 Participating Countries of ISO/TC249 in western Pacific region, the author found that:Member states already have national policy on TM/CAM; laws and regulations on herbal product production, marketing, regulatory and management practitioners have already been enacted;TM/CAM practitioners in larger quantities, a higher education was required for practitioners and standardized management. This indicated that there is a good environment for TCM development in western Pacific region.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of drug phonophoresis therapy in the treatment of acute iridocyclitis.Methods According to randomized block design,104 patients with acute iridocyclitis were divided into the control group of 52 cases (72 eyes)with 1％ atropine mydriasis,oral prednisone tablets and subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone treatment,76 eyes of 52 cases in the treatment group with 1％ atropine mydriasis,oral prednisone tablets and dexamethasone phonophoresis intraocular treatment.Results Compared with the control group,the cure rates of treatment group and control group were 84.2％ and 58.5％ respectively,there was significantly significant difference between the two groups(x2 =12.598,P =0.000),oral hormone time from the beginning to the first reduction[treatment group and control group were (5.12 ± 1.00) d and (7.32 ± 0.97) d respectively (t =-13.495,P =0.000)] and oral hormone total time [treatment group and control group were (27.82 ± 4.84) d and (35.49 ± 4.74) d respectively (t =-9.720,P =0.000)] were significantly shortened,complications decreased significantly[conjunctival edema rate (x2 =9.657,P =0.002),subconjunctival hemorrhage rate (x2 =6.601,P =0.010),conjunctival scarring rate (x2 =4.340,P =0.037),pain rate (x2 =63.419,P =0.000) and oculocardiac reflectivity rate (x2 =33.293,P =0.000)] and patient satisfaction improved significantly (treatment group and control group were 94.7％ and 69.4％ respectively) (x2 =16.333;P =0.000).Conclusion Dexamethasone phonophoresis therapy has better clinical efficacy and higher cure rate,and it is non-invasive,safe and reliable,less complications and high satisfaction in the treatment of acute iridocyclitis.

Objective To investigate perioperative anxiety and depression of patients undergoing prosthetic augmentation mammoplasty.Methods A total of 123 patients undergoing prosthetic augmentation mammoplasty were involved in the retrospective analysis.Hamilton anxiety scale (14 Edition) and Hamilton depression scale (version 24) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression perspectively before and after surgery.The data were subjected to statistical analysis and correlation factor analysis.Results We found that anxiety scale scores had significant difference before and after surgery (P＜0.05),and ression scale scores had no significant difference (P＞0.05).We also found that the anxiety after surgery were positively correlated with anxiety and depression before surgery (r=0.377,0.313,P=0.001),and the depression after surgery was also positively correlated with anxiety and depression before surgery (r=0.359,0.298,P=0.001).It suggested the patients with symptoms of anxiety and depression before surgery might appear the same symptoms within a week after surgery.Conclusions Anxiety symptoms before surgery in patients with prosthetic augmentation mammoplasty are significantly higher than that after surgery,but the symptoms decrease when finished surgery.The patients with symptoms of anxiety and depression before surgery probably present with symptoms of anxiety and depression in a week after surgery.