Objective: To investigate the possible effects of Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1((Pdx-1))expression in transdifferentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) in vitro. Methods: The eukaryotic expression vector containing Pdx-1 was constructed.After such vector was transfected into MSC using Superfect,G418 was used to select the positive cells.Then both(Pdx-1~(+)MSC)and((Pdx-1~-MSC)) were induced to transdifferentiate in vitro.The expressions of insulin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Restricted enzyme analysis and sequencing showed that interest gene segment was consistent with that in Gen Bank,Recombination vector was effectively transformed into MSC demonstrated by fluorescence microscope;insulin-producing cells from Pdx-1~(+)MSC were higher than that from Pdx-1~(-)MSC[(28.23?2.56)% and(7.08?2.69)%,respectively]. Conclusion:Pdx-1 can promote adult rat MSC to transdifferentiate into insulin-producing cells in vitro,and this approach might lead to a widespread cell replacement therapy for type I diabetes.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of ketamine on the expression level of hepatic stress protein IFIT1 and JAB1 during the early stage of burns in mice, and observe the location of IFIT1 and JAB1 in hepatic cells. Methods:15 C57/129 male mice were divided randomly into three groups(n=5): normal control,burns,burns+ketamine. Burns group and burns+ketamine group were inflicted with 15%~20% TBSA full thickness burn injury,and burns+ketamine group received an intramuscular injection of 10 mg/kg ketamine 15 min after burns. At 4 h after burns,hepatic tissue was taken from mice,and the levels of hepatic I- FIT1 and JAB1 were detected by western blot. Normal control hepatic pathological section was taken; then cell location of I- FIT1 and JAB1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:In burns group, the expression level of hepatic IFIT1 signifi- cantly increased,while that of JAB1 decreased as compared with normal control(P

In this study, it was found that in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus serum T3 and FT3J were decreased, and rT3. elevated. Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were in negative correlation with T3 and FT3I. and in positive correlation with rT3. Serum TSH was negatively correlated with degree of retinopathy, 24h urinary protein, and duration of diabetes. TRH stimulation test showed low, delayed, or no response in 57% of patients tested, and the resultswere in negative correlation with fas'ting blood glucose and HbA1c. After 1-4 month trentment,blood glucose decreased, serum T3 increased, and rT3 decreased. It was believed that thyroid function test is of significance in evaluating the severity, prognosis, and effect of treatment in diabetes mellitus

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on apoptosis and CHOP in lung injury following one lung ventilation in SD rats.Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,OLV combined with 0.9%sodium chloride injection,and OLV combined with dexmedetomidine group with 20 rats in each group.The rats were killed after the detection of apoptosis index,and the proportion of wet and dry GRP78 and CHOP protein and gene expression level.Results Fluorescence microscope observed cell shrinkage,increased cytoplasmic density,mitochondrial membrane potential disappearance, permeability changes.Vesicular membrane had formed, membrane integrity,and could be wrapped apoptosis remains divided into several apoptotic bodies.3 groups apoptotic index,the proportion of wet and dry lung tissue had statistically significant differences ( F=9.675,4.357,all P<0.05).The apoptosis index of OLV combined 0.9%sodium chloride injection group and OLV combined with dexme-detomidine group,the proportion was higher wet lung tissue,OLV combined 0.9% sodium chloride injection group was higher than the OLV combined with dexmedetomidine group, the differences were statistically significant ( t =4.432,3.458,all P<0.05).3 group GRP78 protein,GRP78mRNA,CHOP protein,CHOPmRNA levels had statisti-cally significant differences(F=4.350,5.897,5.875,6.785,all P<0.05),OLV combined 0.9% sodium chloride injection group and OLV combined with dexmedetomidine group GRP78 protein, GRP78mRNA, CHOP protein, CHOPmRNA were higher than those in the control group,OLV combined 0.9%sodium chloride injection group was higher than the OLV combined with dexmedetomidine group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine given OLV can induce apoptosis and reduce the expression levels of CHOP,indicating damage to the lungs caused by a protective effect OLV.

Objective We aimed to provide references for nurses allocation by selecting the nursing items and measuring nursing time. Methods We recorded the nursing workload of 130 nurses in 10 wards within one week by literature review, Delphi method and questionnaire investigation. Results Totally 125 items of nursing items were included,101 of which were direct nursing items and 24 of which were indirect ones.The average time per day per patient was 185.1 minutes for level one nursing,95.4 minutes for level two nursing, 58.5 minutes for level three nursing.Average nursing time per day,working time per day per nurse and nursing time per day for per patient in each unit had statistical difference,P<0.05.The time for direct nursing items was 64.13% and for indirect nursing items was 35.87%. Conclusions Allocation of nurses according to measurement of nursing time could reach the aim of reasonable allocation and effective utilization of nursing human resource.

Repair of articular cartilage injury has always been a focus of medical study and sports injury study.With the application and development of molecular biotechnology,the role of growth factor has become more and more important in articular cartilage injury.This paper analyzes the difficulties in repairing articular cartilage injury.discusses the effect of transforming growth factor β1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on it as well as the mechanism under its repainng,and summanzes the existing problems.it can provide important data for future research.

OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the role of transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein-7 in the reparation of knee cartilage by summarizing related studies,which can provide an important reference for further clinical applications.DATA SOURCES:The science online,ElsecierSD databases,Springer Link electronic joumals nets(1991-01/2009-06)was searched using key words of"Articular Cartilage Defects,Transforming Growth Factor-β,Bone Morphogenic Protein-7";simultaneously,the CNKI,Wanfang database,Tsinghua Tong Fang database(1991-01/2009-06)was searched with the same Chinese key words.Literature search was limited to English and Chinese languages.DATA SELECTION:Literature addressing repairing articular cartilage damage with growth factors was included,and the repeated papers were excluded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Frecture healing.②Osteocyte proliferation.③Capacity of chonddfication.RESULTS:Received 95 computers seized in early literature,according to inclusion exclusion criteria,literature underlying growth factor,in particular the growth factor transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein-7 in repaidng knee cartilagedamage was analyzed.Articular cartilage injury,with poor repair capacity,is more common in athletes.As soon as a permanent injury that generates lesions,it is difficult to treat by traditional treatment methods,which need to be solved in sports medicine.Transforming growth factor-β,an important factor regulating the formation of cartilage,stimulates or inhibits a variety of cells.By increasing the sensitivity of chondrocytes,transforming growth factor-β plays a central role in the process of repairing osteoarthdtis cartilage injury,regulates in vitro protein synthesis,but also affect on the induction of specific granulation tissues.Bone morphogenetic protein-7 can induces cartilage-specific collagen and mucin production by mesenchymal and wound areas,which has promotive effect on cartilage reparation.CONCLUSION:Transforming growth factor-β or bone morphogenetic protein-7 has certain effect on knee cartilage injury;however,whether the combination of them can promote reparation of articular cartilage injury needs to be explored.

Since the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique to interfere neu-ral activity of brain, the combination of TMS and other neuron-imaging techniques has been widely used, espe-cially in cognitive research. Electroencephalogram (EEG) occupies a special position in this field due to its higher time resolution and lower experimental cost. The present paper reviews the application of TMS-EEG combined technique from the aspects of the main research topics, simultaneous recording, artifacts elimination, data pro-cessing and so on. Current problems and possible solution related to this technique are also discussed in the pa-per. With those new related solutions being put forward, more achievements will be obtained in the research area of TMS-EEG combined technique.

The microsporidia are obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasites.They have been paid more attention as being the emerging pathogen of human, so it is important to control microsporidiosis using fast and precise detecting technology.In order to provide a reference for controlling microsporidian infection effectively, this paper reviews the progress of studying on the detecting technology from the microscopic staining methods, immunological and molecular biology.