Objective To explore the effects of low dose intravenous minocycline on neurological function and the expression of RGMa in rats after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Methods Fifty-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and minocycline-treat?ed group. The cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model was established by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion. At 2 weeks after ischemia reperfusion, the expression levels of RGMa and growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) were ana?lyzed by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot, respectively. Neurological functional recovery was evaluated us?ing both the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and staircase test at 2, 7,14 and 28 d after ischemia reperfusion. Results Minocycline at a dose of 3 mg/kg via the caudal vein significantly reduced the expression of RGMa protein (0.53± 0.08 vs. 1.17±0.15, P<0.05) and enhanced the expression of GAP-43 protein (0.94±0.10 vs. 0.57±0.09, P<0.05) in isch?emic cortex 2 weeks after ischemia reperfusion. Moreover, minocycline could reduce mNSS and improve forelimb motor function when compared to the I/R group (P<0.05). Conclusions Low dose intravenous minocycline (3 mg/kg) can im?prove neurological functional recovery in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion and the mechanism may be re? lated to the down-regulation of RGMa expression and up-regulation of GAP-43 expression.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2(SGLT-2)inhibitors on carotid artery elasticity in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 by applying the ultrafast pulse wave velocity(UFPWV).Methods A total of 82 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University from January to June 2022 were selected and randomly divided into control group(n=41)and observation group(n=41),and both groups were treated with conventional hypoglycemic therapy,and patients in observation group were combined with the treatment of SGLT-2 inhibitor on the basis of control group,and the patients of both groups were treated for 1 year.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT),and UFPWV technique was used to measure the common carotid artery pulse wave velocity-beginning of systole(PWV-BS)and pulse wave velocity-end of systole(PWV-ES).Results ①The comparison between SBP,DBP,BMI,FPG,2h PG,HbA1c,CIMT,PWV-BS,PWV-ES indexes of the two groups of patients before treatment,the difference was not significant(P>0.05);② After receiving treatment,SBP,DBP,BMI,FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,CIMT,PWV-BS,PWV-ES of patients in observation group were lower than those of control group before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);③ FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,SBP,DBP,BMI,CIMT,PWV-BS,PWV-ES indexes of observation group were lower than those of control group after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion UFPWV can effectively assess the value of SGLT-2 inhibitors in improving carotid artery elasticity in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with high accuracy and simplicity.

Objective To investigate the effects of minocycline on cell viability and neurite outgrowth of pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) after oxygen‐glucose deprivation(OGD) injury .Methods PC12 cells were exposed to OGD insult for 2 ,4 ,6 ,8 h to estab‐lish a cerebral ischemia model in vitro .High‐differentiated PC12 cells were cultivated and randomly divided into three groups :con‐trol group ,OGD group and various doses of minocycline(0 .1 ,1 .0 ,10 .0 μM) treated group .24 h after OGD‐reperfusion ,PC12 cells viability was assessed by CCK‐8 assay ,the neurite was labeled with MAP‐2 by immunofluorescence and neurite length was meas‐ured by the Image‐Pro Plus 7 .0 software ,GAP‐43 protein expression was determined by Western blotting .Results Compared to the OGD groups ,minocycline induced a concentration‐dependent increase in cells viability [(46 .1 ± 2 .9)% vs .(77 .0 ± 2 .5)% ,P<0.01],improvedneuriteoutgrowthandincreasedtheexpressionofGAP‐43proteininPC12cellsafterOGDinjury([(0.34±0.04) vs .(2 .11 ± 0 .10) ,P<0 .01] .Conclusion Minocycline could protect against oxygen glucose deprivation injury and promote neurite outgrowth .This finding suggests minocycline may be a novel therapy for cerebral ischemia .

Objective To detect the effect of olfactory bulb(OB)lesion on proliferation,migration and differentiation of the neural stem cells(NSCs)in the subventricular zone(SVZ).Methods Forty-two healthy female SD rats were enrolled and randomly divided into normal control group,isotonic saline group and OB lesion at day 3,at weeks 1,2,3 and 4 groups,six rats per group.OB lesion was induced by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)injection.Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)was injected intraperitoneally to label NSCs.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the proliferation of SVZ NSCs.In addition,another 18 rats were randomly divided into normal control group,isotonic saline group and lesion group,six rats per group.BrdU was injected intraperitoneally one week after OB lesion and then the animals were sacrificed four weeks after BrdU injection to detect the migration and differentiation of NSCs with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Results Three days after OB lesion,BrdU-positive cells in SVZ began to increase(26.33 ± 2.58,P ＜0.01),reached the maximum at week 1 (35.33 +3.01,P＜0.01)and still sustained a high level at week 4(19.50+ 2.26,P＞0.05).Five weeks after the OB lesion,the rostral migratory-stream(RMS)and the BrdU-positive cells in OB were significantly increased(86.50 + 5.09,P ＜ 0.01)and(52.83 + 3.87,P ＜ 0.01),respectively.By using fluorescence double staining,most of the BrdU-positive cells were co-localized with the neuronal nuclear antigen(Neun),with a portion of BrdU-positive cells expressing the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).Conclusions OB lesion can improve the proliferation of NSCs in SVZ and migration of NSCs to OB.The newborn cells can differentiate into not only neurons,but also gliocytes and may be involved in lesion repair.

Objective To obtain the physical anthropological characteristics of head and face of Tajik adults in Aketao, and to explore their ethnic origin through cluster analysis with other populations. Methods According to Anthropometric Method, 286 Tajik adults (male 121, female 165) in Aketao, Xinjiang were recruited and analyzed. The survey included 12 observation indicators of head and face, 19 measuring indicators of head and face, 12 indexes of head and face and its classification. Results The indicators of head length, head breadth, head height, minimum frontal breadth, face breadth, bigonial breadth, nose breadth, mouth breadth, auricular height, physiognomic facial height, morphological facial height, nasal length, nasal height, physiognomic ear length, physiognomic ear breadth, zygomatic protection, nasal root height, nasal profile, nasal base of Tajik adults in Aketao had gender differences (P < 0. 05). Compared with the Tajik adults in Aketao and Taxkorgan, the type indicators of head and face of zygomatic protection, direction of eyeslits, nasal root height, nasal base, maximal diameter of nostrils, lobe types, nreadth-height index of head type, morphological facial index type, nasal index type had regional differences (P<0. 05). The cluster analysis showed that Tajik adults have unique characteristics of head and face, which were grouped separately and were more similar to Iranians. Conclusion Tajik adults in Aketao have the characteristics of head and face of the West Eurasian. The characteristics of head and face of Tajik adults in Aketao and Taxkorgan are somewhat different. From characteristics of head and face, they may be related to the Eastern Iranian tribe.

Objective To study the physical characteristics of body of Xibe adults in Liaoning province and to accumulate data for the studyof physical anthropology. Methods The investigation method and judging standard were refered to correlative regulations in " Anthropometric Method ". The survey included 33 measurement items, 5 indicators and 6 types, 330 Xibe adult people (male 174, female 156) were recruited. Results According to the classification of body part index, the rates of long trunk, wide chest, wide shoulder and wide pelvis were the highest in all the adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning province, the rates of middle and sub-long legs were the highest in the males, and the rates of super short legs were the highest in the females. According to the stature type, the rates of high type were the highest in males and females. Conclusion The body physical characteristics of male adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning are the most similar to those of male adults of Xibe nationality in Xinjiang, and the body physical characteristics of female adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning were between those of female adults of ethnic minorities in Northwest China and Northeast China.

Objective To discuss the main reasons for the difference of sedum development between Daur adults in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. Methods Nine circumference values and six skin fold thickness of 544 adults of Daur nationality (304 in Xinjiang and 240 in Inner Mongolia) were investigated by random sampling. Circumferences, skin fold thickness and obesity indexes of Daur nationality in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia were analyzed. Results There were significant differences in 8 circumference without thigh circumference, 2 skin fold thickness such as triceps skinfold, subscapularis skinfold, 3 obesity indexes such as Verv index, body fat rate, body mass index(BMI). Correspondence analysis showed that subcutaneous fat development was stronger in northern regions than in southern regions. Conclusion The Daur nationality in Inner Mongolia has more fat and less muscle than that in Xinjiang. The problems of overweight and obesity in both regions are serious. It is suggested to pay attention to exercise and diet. Low temperature,lack of physical exercise, low temperature, low economic and medical standards and unhealthy eating habits can thicken subcutaneous fat.

Objective To explore the somatotype characteristics and changing rules of Tajik adults. Methods The Heath-Carter bod)' type method was used to determine the body size of 280 (124 males and 156 females) Tajik adults. Results The average body size of Tajik males and females were 4. 3-3. 1-1. 8 and 7. 0-3. 1-1. 1, respectively, and both are mesomorphic endomorphy.The ectomorphy of Tajik nationality were negatively correlated with age, female endomorphy and mesomorphy were positively correlated with age, while endomorphy and mesomorphy were not correlated with age. With increasing age, the difference in body shape between female age groups was more obvious than that of males. Conclusion The Tajik have less skeletal muscle mass, and women have developed body fat, which is different from the Tibetan people and other people in the Altaic language family.

Burns ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Seasons