Adolescent ; Adult ; Cysts ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; surgery ; Young Adult

Remembering medical English terms is the difficult point in learning medical English.Only through learning the rules and characteristics of medical terms can one remember and get command of thousands of medical terms rapidly and effectively.When studying medical English terms,we explored and summarized a series of pithy formula hook memorial method - a pithy formula linked to the affix and etyma was turned into rhyming verse and formed a memory chain after memorizing by hook memory method many times so as to keep the medical terms firmly in the mind rapidly.

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation(RFA)with artificial pleural effusion for cancer of the liver located under the diaphragm.Method Fifteen lesions in 11 patients with cancer of the liver located under the diaphragm were treated by RFA with artificial pleural effusion,for which 500-1000 ml normal saline was injected into the pleural cavity.Results Artificial pleural effusion was finished successfully,the whole tumor for all of 15 lesions were visualized by ultrasound and the ideal puncture pathway were easy to find.The artificial pleural effusion was vanished within 1 week after operation.All of the lesions were treated with RFA and complete necrosis was obtained in 13(86.7%)of the 15 lesions by CT or MRI.No severe complication was observed.Conclusion RFA with artificial pleural effusion is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with liver cancer under the diaphragm.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Xingnaojing in treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 90 patients diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhage patient hospitalized were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,treatment group 45 cases,control group 45 cases,including 23 males and 22 females aged 52～75 years(71 ±4).Results Treatment group:After 14 days treatment,neurological deficits had been greatly improved,the total effective was 97.3％ ;Control group:Aftenr treatment,the improvement of neurological deficit was worse,the total effective was 77.3％.Hematoma volume in the two groups did not change significantly after one week treatment,but significant changed after two weeks treatment.There was significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion Xingnaojing had significant effect in treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the relationship between the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGFR2) gene polymorphism (rs 2981582 ,rs 1219648 ,rs 2420946) and the breast cancer risk in Tibetan population ,Qinghai province .Methods This is a case con‐trol study .Peripheral blood samples from 210 breast cancer patients and 230 healthy women in Qinghai area were collected .DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood cells .FGFR2 gene polymorphism (rs 2981582 ,rs 1219648 ,rs 2420946) were typed by Taqman‐MGB probe based on PCR and DNA sequencing ,then analyzed its correlation with breast cancer in Tibetan population , Qinghai province .Results The genotype frequencies of rs 2981582 CC ,CT and TT were 40 .48% ,39 .05% and 20 .47% among the breast cancer patients while 36 .09% ,48 .69% and 15 .22% among the controls .The genotype frequencies of rs 1219648 GG ,AG and AA were 24 .76% ,26 .19 % and 49 .05% among the patients while 23 .91% ,47 .39% and 28 .70% among the controls .The genotype frequencies of rs 2420946 CC ,CT and TT were 29 .05% ,45 .24% and 25 .71% among the patients while 30 .87% , 51 .74% and 17 .39% among the controls .The genotype frequencies of all genetic loci had no significant difference between rs 2981582 and rs 2420946 (P>0 .05) .But the genotype frequencies of rs 1219648 AA have statistical sense (P< 0 .05) ,compared with GG ,the incidence of breast cancer was remarkably increased with AA [OR=1 .65 ,95% CI= (1 .01 ,2 .69)] .Conclusion This study shows that FGFR2 rs1219648 AA is related to breast cancer risk among Tibetan population .

Patent ductus arteriosus is one of the common complications in the premature infants,which lead to or worsen respiratory distress,chronic pulmonary disease,intraventricular hemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis.It is associated with an increase in mortality and sequelae of preterm infants.The various factors contributing to an patency of the ductus arteriosus in the preterm infants are involved in:insufficient histological development of ductus arteriosus,failure of remodeling the ductus,abnormal sensitivity of the ductus to oxygen and vasoactive substances,and genes.It has been proposed a new idea that platelet induces or drives the closure of patent ductus arteriosus.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Only two tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been approved as single agents for first-line treatment over the last decade. In 2020, atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab was appro-ved for first-line treatment of advanced HCC. As the first brand-new therapy to surpass sorafenib, atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab showed good safety and life quality in patients. The authors introduced the diagnosis and treatment of a China Liver Cancer Staging Ⅲb HCC patient receiving atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab, in order to provide references for patient management.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of different transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)-based regimens in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(uHCC)and explore the optimal timing for combining TACE with tyrosine kinase inhibit-ors(TKIs)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 555 patients with uHCC who underwent TACE-based treatment between April 2016 and December 2021 in Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University.The pa-tients were assigned into the following four groups according to different treatment regimens:TACE group(n=317),TACE combined with TKIs group(TACE+TKIs,n=66),TACE combined with ICIs group(TACE+ICIs,n=33),and TACE combined with TKIs+ICIs group(TACE+TKIs+ICIs,n=139).Subgroup analysis was performed within the TACE+TKIs+ICIs group,with patients being assigned into"pre-TACE"and"post-TACE"groups based on the timing of the combination therapy.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify pro-gnostic factors influencing overall survival(OS).Results:The TACE+TKIs+ICIs group showed the longest OS(21.9 months,95%confidence in-terval[CI]:17.2-26.6,P=0.030)and progression-free survival(PFS)(8.3 months,95%CI:7.3-9.3,P=0.004)compared to those in the other three groups.In the subgroup analysis,the"post-TACE"group had longer OS than the"pre-TACE"group(26.8 months vs.19.2 months,P = 0.011).The objective response rate(ORR)was 32.8%,41.1%,42.4%,and 52.5%(P=0.001)and the disease control rate(DCR)was 59.6%,71.2%,69.7%,and 82.7%(P<0.001)in the TACE,TACE+TKIs,TACE+ICIs,and TACE+TKIs+ICIs groups,respectively.The adverse events were similar to those reported in previous studies.Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor number,extrahepatic metastasis,and treatment regimen were independent factors influencing OS in patients(all P<0.05).Conclusions:TKIs or ICIs can improve OS and PFS in patients with uHCC receiving TACE,and the combination of TKIs+ICIs with TACE achieves better beneficial outcomes.The greatest OS was observed when the combination therapy TKIs+ICIs was initiated within 3 months after the first TACE procedure.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of continuous hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with the FOLFOX regimen and its multimodality therapeutic regimen in the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the influencing factors for prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 66 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who received continuous HAIC with FOLFOX regimen in Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, from September 2018 to November 2021. The patients were observed in terms of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS) after treatment, and treatment-related adverse reactions were recorded. For the patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, the effect of the treatment on portal vein tumor thrombus was assessed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for prognosis. Results According to the RECIST1.1 criteria, FOLFOX-HAIC and its multimodality therapeutic regimen achieved an ORR of 33.3% (22/66) and a DCR of 86.4% (57/66) in the treatment of 66 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, with an mPFS time of 8.2 months and an mOS time of 22.1 months. Among the 39 patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, 2 achieved complete remission, 8 achieved partial remission, 24 achieved stable disease, and 5 had disease progression, with an ORR of 25.6% (10/39) and a DCR of 87.2% (34/39). The main adverse reactions included gastrointestinal reactions (16.7%, 11/66), pyrexia (12.1%, 8/66), liver area pain (10.6%, 7/66), bone marrow suppression (3.0%, 2/66), and contrast agent allergy (3.0%, 2/66), and there were no grade > Ⅳ toxic or side effects or deaths caused by such complications. The Cox regression analysis showed that extrahepatic metastasis (hazard ratio [ HR ]=2.668, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.357-5.245, P < 0.05) and prothrombin time (PT) ( HR =1.282, 95% CI : 1.080-1.630, P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for PFS, and aspartate aminotransferase level ( HR =1.008, 95% CI : 1.002-1.013, P < 0.05) and PT ( HR =1.303, 95% CI : 1.046-1.630, P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for OS. Conclusion FOLFOX-HAIC and its multimodality therapeutic regimen has a certain clinical effect with controllable adverse reactions in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.