Objective To investigate the myocardial protection of adiponectin (ADP) /adiponectin receptor 1 (ADPR1) related-signal pathway in rats with limb ischemic preconditioning.Methods Thirty SD male rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) group,limb ischemic preconditioning (LIPC) group,LY294002 (the PI3-specific inhibitor) pretreatment group and LY294002+LIPC group (n=10 each).The mRNA level of myocardial ADP and ADPR1,the protein expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3k)phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively. Results As compared with sham-operation group,the mRNA levels of ADP and ADPR1 in MIRI group were significantly decreased (0.53 ± 0.07 vs.0.74 ± 0.08 and 0.52 ± 0.02 vs.0.72 ± 0.04,P＜0.05).Compared with MIRI group,the mRNA levels of ADP (0.72±0.21) and ADPRI (0.80±0.023) in LIPC group were increased,ADP(0.49±0.07) and ADPR1 (0.52± 0.02) mRNA were decreased in LY294002 group (both P＜0.05),but there were no difference in ADP(0.70±0.16) and ADPR1(0.78±0.05) mRNA between LY294002+LIPC group and MIRI group.The protein levels of Pl3k and p-Akt were lower in MIRI group than in sham-operation group (3.85±0.23 vs.2.83±0.22and 3.77±0.32 vs.2.66±0.29,P＜0.05).In contrast to MIRI group,the yield of PI3k (2.65±0.32)and p-Akt(2.26±0.27) protein (P＜0.05) were increased in LIPC group,but there were unproductive protein of PI3k (3.75 ± 0.65) and p-Akt (4.01 ± 0.71) in LY294002 group with no differences versus the levels of PI3k (3.23 ± 0.48) and p-Akt (3.17 ± 0.54) in LY294002 + LIPC group. Conclusions Limb ischemic preconditioning may protect myocardium by promoting serum adiponectin levels,improving myocardial mRNA expressions of ADP and ADPR1,activating the ADP/PI3k/Akt signaling pathway in reperfusion injury.

Objective To study dexmedetomidine on the adverse impact of ketamine based anesthesia and sedative effects in indirect inguinal hemia.Methods Eighty children underwent indirect inguinal hemia surgery were randomily divided into two groups after injected muscle with midazolam and ketamine,Group B was injectded with 0.5 μg/kg DEX,but Group A with normal saline,analgesia was with caudal block (lidocaine).The with hemodynamic,level of sedation,recovery time and CHW score were observed.The adverse reactions were recorded.Results Two groups of children have hemodynamically stable,and recovery time had no statistical significance.The two groups of CHW score in Group A (1.6 ± 0.5) points higher than in group B (0.9 ± 0.3) points (P ＜ 0.05).The restlessness rated group (1.52 ± 0.54) points was higher than in group B (0.51 ± 0.48) points (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with Group B,Group A had 12 cases of psychiatric symptoms,10 cases of involuntary movement of limbs,6 cases of severe postoperative agitation nausea,and 8 cases of vomiting (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 0.5μg/kg DEX can be safely and effectively used in the pediatric anesthesia,and reduce the adverse reactions caused by ketamine.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)/Caspase-8/Caspase-3 signaling pathway in the development of hyperlipidemia in rats.Methods 60 healthy male SD rats 〔4-week old,weight (110 ± 10) g〕 were randomly divided into control group,high-fat diet group,folic acid group,vitamin B12 group,folic acid and vitamin B12 group.After one week's feeding for adaptability,the groups of foloc acid,vitamine B12 and foloc acid + vitamineB12 were dealt with intraperitoneal injection of folic acid (0.5 mg/d),vitamin B12 (0.05mg/d),and folic acid (0.5 mg/d) plus vitamin B12 (0.05 mg/d),respectively,and fed with high fat diet simultaneously.Control group was dealt with intraperitoneal injection of normal saline (0.5 ml/d)and fed with normal diet.High-fat diet group was only fed with high fat diet.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the mRNA level of PPARy,Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 in aorta abdominalis dissected at 17 weekends.Results Folic acid alone or jointed with vitamin B12 could effectively increase the level of PPARγ,while decrease the mRNA levels of Caspase8 and Caspase-3 as compared with high-fat diet group (P＜0.05),and folic acid plus vitamin B12 was more effective than folic acid alone (P＜0.05).Conclusions Folic acid alone or joined with vitamin B12 can improve the mRNA levels of PPARγ,Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 in vascular wall to protect endothelial injury from hyperlipidemia.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol or sevoflurane on the quality of neuromuscular blockade with cisatracurium during comparable depth of anesthesia in elderly patients.Methods A total of 60 patients aged over 60 years [classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status Ⅰ-Ⅱ] were selected.Patients were randomized into 2 groups:propofol group (induction of anesthesia with propofol) and sevoflurane group (induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane) (n=35,each).Neuromuscular blocking effect was monitored by muscle response to ulnar nerve stimulation.The rates of cisatracurium injection at different time points,time of loss of consciousness and the onset time of cisatracurium neuromuscular block were compared between the two groups.Results The rate of cisatracurium injection was significantly decreased at 60 minutes,90 min,120 min in sevoflurane group(29.82％,42.28％,37.15％),and the onset time of cisatracurium neuromuscular block was significantly shorter in sevoflurane group than in propofol group [(148.62±28.54)s vs (96.53±23.69)s,P＜0.05].Conclusions Compared with propofol,sevoflurane can greatly shorten the onset time of cisatracurium and enhance the effect of cisatracurium neuromuscular block with stable hemodynamics.