Objective: To investigate the association between the CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism and the serum concentrations of carbamazepine (CBZ), to provide guidance for individualized drug dosing. Methods: Eighty-four epilepsy patients taking CBZ were included in this study. Their clinical data were recorded and CBZ serum concentrations were measured. The CYP3A5 6986 genetic polymorphism was assessed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) assay. Patients were divided according to genotype into CYP3A5 expressor (CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype and CYP3A5*1/*3 genotypes) and non-expressor groups (CYP3A5*3/*3). The two groups were compared for the total dose of CBZ, dose of CBZ/kg body weight, serum drug concentration, dose-corrected serum concentration, and standardized serum concentration. Results: The total dose of CBZ and the dose of CBZ/kg body weight was higher in the CYP3A5 expressor group than the non-expressor (P = 0.043 and P = 0.014, respectively). The dose-corrected and standardized serum concentrations were lower in the CYP3A5 expressor group than the non-expressor (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was however, no signifi cant difference in serum drug concentration between the two groups (P = 0.487). Conclusions: There was a close relationship between CYP3A5 genetic polymorphism and the serum concentrations of carbamazepine.

Objective To explore the effects of infrasound frequency and intensity on gastric emptying in rats. Methods One hundred and forty rats were randomly divided into a control group, and groups receiving 8 Hz-90 dB, 8 Hz-130 dB and 16 Hz-130 dB infrasound. Another 70 rats were randomly divided into a control group and an exposure group continuously stimulated with infrasound at 8 Hz and 130 dB. The control group again was not exposed. The gastric emptying rate of the rats in all the groups was tested at different time points. Results ①Compared with the control group, gastric emptying rate decreased significantly after exposure to infrasound for 7 or 14 days. After exposure for 1 day, no significant difference was found. After exposure for 7 , 14, 21 or 28 days, gastric emptying decreased significantly more in the 8 Hz-130 dB group than in the 8 Hz-90 dB group or the control group. ②Compared with the controls, gastric emptying decreased in the 16 Hz-130 dB group after exposure for 1 , 7 and 14 days, but there was no significant difference between these two groups after 21 or 28 days. Gastric emptying decreased significantly more at 8 Hz-130 dB than at 16 Hz-130 dB after exposure for 14 or 28 days.③Gastric emptying tended to recover after exposure of 14 days to 8 Hz-130 dB infrasound, but compared with the controls, gastric emptying was still reduced after exposure had been stopped for 1 , 7 , 14, 21 and 28 days. Conclusion Infrasound at 8 Hz-90 dB, 8 Hz-130 dB or 16 Hz-130 dB can restrain stomach emptying. The extent of the reduction is closely related to the frequency, intensity and exposure time. Gastric emptying tends to recover after infra-sound exposure is stopped.

Objective To realize the relationship between substance P(SP) and abnormal gastrointestinal tran- sit. Methods By radioimmunoassay, concentration of SP in sigmoid mucosa was determined in 12 healthy volun- teers, 15 slow and 10 fast transit patients. ResultsThe concentration was (27.68±15.42)μg/g, (24.07+5.76)μg/g and (28.61± 18.34)μg/g,respectively. They had no statistical difference. Conclusion There was no relationship be- tween concentration of SP in sigmoid mucosa and abnormal gastrointestinal transit.

Objective To observe the effects of infrasound on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)in gastric tissues in rats.Methods The study consisted of a total of 210 SD rats.Of them,140 rats were randomly divided into 8 Hz-90 dB,8 Hz-130 dB and 16 Hz-130 dB experimental groups and a control group A.The experimental groups were exposed to infrasound with different frequencies and intensities,2h/d.After exposure for 1,7,14,21 and 28 days,7 rats randomly selected from each group underwent an examination of the expression of iNOS and eNOS in gastric tissues.The other 70 rats were randomly divided into a control group B and an exposure group continuously stimulated by infrasound with 8 Hz-130 dB for 14 days,2 h/d,and after stopping exposure for 1,7,14,21 and 28 days;the same indexes were detected in 7 rats randomly selected from each group.Results ① Compared with that in the control group A,the expression of iNOS in gastric tissues significantly increased in 8 Hz-90 dB group after exposure for 14 and 21 days,in 8 Hz-130 dB group after exposure for 7,14,21 and 28 days and in 16 Hz-130 dB group after exposure for 7 and 14 days(P

Objective:To summarize the establishment and management experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) rapid response team, and explore a more efficient rescue mode.Methods:From January 2015 to September 2020, 85 patients treated with ECMO in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected as the research objects. Thirty-eight patients treated with conventional ECMO from January 2015 to December 2019 were selected as the control group, and 47 patients treated with ECMO rapid response team from January 2020 to September 2020 were selected as the experimental group. The differences in team preparation time, catheterization time, treatment success rate, incidence of complications and equipment failure frequency between the two groups were compared.Results:There were no significant differences in gender, age or disease types between the two groups. The team preparation time and catheterization time of the experimental group were significantly shorter than those of the control group [team preparation time (minutes): 31.79±6.10 vs. 67.16±30.49, catheterization time (minutes): 40.62±7.13 vs. 84.89±19.29], and the incidence of complications was significantly lower than that of the control group [4.3% (2/47) vs. 21.1% (8/38)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:ECMO rapid response team can shorten the rescue preparation time, reduce the occurrence of complications, improve the team treatment efficiency, and provide ideas for emergency and critical patients.

Objective To compare the disease activity score (DSA) 28-CRP and DAS28-ESR in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods Two hundred and twenty-two patients were enrolled,and their sex,age,disease duration,swollen joint count,tender joint count,CRP,ESR,visual analogue scale were recorded.DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP were calculated and then analyzed by t test and Pearson's correlation test.Results There was a significant linear correlation between DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP (P＜0.05),with correlation coefficient of 0.968.Both DAS28-CRP (3.3±1.7) and DAS28-ESR (3.9±1.8) scores presented with normal distribution (P＞0.05),with the peak of the DAS28-CRP left to that of the DAS28-ESR.There was statistically significant difference between these two (P＜0.05).The difference between DAS28-CRP and DAS28-ESR was much higher in female (0.59±0.43) than in male (0.24±0.45,P＜0.05).The difference between DAS28-CRP and DAS28-ESR was not related to age and disease duration.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the assessment score when making the plan of treating to target since there is difference between DAS-28-ESR and DAS-28-CRP.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological data and prognosis of microalbuminuria IgA nephrology patients with decreased serum C3 level, and investigate the significance of decreased serum C3 level in microalbuminuria IgA nephrology patients. Methods Clinical and pathological data of microalbuminuria IgA nephrology patients confirmed by renal biopsy and followed up more than 6 months were reviewed. The patients were divided into decreased serum C3 level group (34 cases, 25.19%) and normal serum C3 level group (101 cases, 74.81%) according to the serum C3 level. Twenty-four hours urine protein quantitative > 1 g, or normal serum creatinine level turning into abnormal level at renal biopsy, or doubling of serum creatinine level was defined as the end point of follow-up. Renal survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and risk factors of progression were analyzed by Cox regression models. Results Total of 135 microalbuminuria IgA nephrology patients were followed up successfully, with an average follow-up time (53.4 ± 21.9) months. There were 27 cases (79.41%) and 32 cases (31.68%) in the decreased serum C3 level group and the normal serum C3 level group respectively at the endpoint. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median survival time was significantly shorter in decreased serum C3 level group compared with that in normal C3 level group: (46.7 ± 9.1) months vs. (68.4 ± 9.9) months, P =0.014. Cox regression analysis showed that abnormal serum creatinine (RR = 1.147, 95% CI: 1.129-1.395, P = 0.008), decreased serum C3 level (RR=1.028, 95%CI:0.672-1.495, P=0.039), urine protein quantitative>1 g/24 h (RR=2.066, 95%CI:1.242-3.838, P=0.006) and renal biopsy pathological indicators Lee classⅢ-Ⅴ(RR=2.820, 95%CI:1.249-5.638, P=0.041), glomerular sclerosis or adhesions (RR=1.232, 95%CI: 1.065-1.520, P = 0.040), renal interstitial atrophy or interstitial fibrosis (RR = 2.604, 95% CI:1.748- 4.104, P = 0.037), endocapillary cell proliferation (RR = 0.872, 95% CI: 0.491- 1.275, P =0.042), crescentic (RR = 1.528, 95% CI: 1.073- 2.385, P = 0.009) affected prognosis of microalbuminuria IgA nephropathy as the independent risk factors. Conclusions The clinical and pathological features in patients of microalbuminuria IgA nephropathy with decreased serum C3 level is more severe, and the prognosis is poor. The patients should be followed up closely and early intervention treatment and early active control of microalbuminuria should be done at the same time.

Objective:To evaluate the combined effect of an trajectory log field based(LBF)and two commercial dose reconstruction systems on volume-modulated arc therapy(VMAT)dose verification of lung cancer.Methods:An in-house program was developed to introduce errors in trajectory log of TrueBeam to the origin plan and recalculate the dose of the error plan in treatment planning system(TPS). A total of 18 lung cancer cases treated by two-arc VMAT were selected to perform on LINAC and measured by ArcCheck simultaneously. Then, the reconstructed doses were obtained by 3DVH. The mode of reconstruction was calculated by LFB and Compass. Five of the 18 cases were performed on LINAC two times in four hours and measured by ArcCheck to evaluate the stability of the TrueBeam performance. The 18 plans were recalculated and performed on LINAC with a solid water phantom with 5 cm build-up, 4 cm back scattering thickness and a FC65-G detector in the center. The measured dose by detector was compared with the reconstructed dose by three systems.Results:TheTruebeam performance was stable. For all of the 18 cases, the point dose measured by FC65-G and reconstructed by three systems had a deviation of less than 2% to the TPS calculated. For all of the organs reconstructed by LBF and most organs reconstructed by 3DVH and Compass, the γ pass rate between them and TPS all exceeded 90% under all criteria, as well as the ArcCheck measured results. For all the organ dose difference between reconstructed and TPS, LBF system had the smallest difference, followed by the Compass system except the lung, and the 3DVH had the highest difference.Conclusions:LBF, 3DVH and Compass can reflect the VMAT dose verification results of lung cancer from different perspectives. The combined application of three systems can demonstrate the verification results in an intuitive manner, which is beneficial for subsequent analysis.

Objective To explore the clinical value of flow cytometry( FCM) and DNA automated cell image analyzer ( AICM) in determine the character of ascites and pleural effusion.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.203 ascites and pleural effusionsamples were random selected from PLA hospital inpatients between August 2013 to June 2014 .The DNA content of sediment cells were detectedthrough the FCM and AICM respectively benign and malignant disease were differentiated according the counts and proportion of aneuploid cells.The sensitivity, specificitywere calculated byROC curves.Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of flow cytometry cell in detectingtumor cells were 78.6%,80.0% and 79.2%%, while the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of image analyzer were 83.5%,78.6% and 81. 3%respectively.When FCM and AICMwere combined ,the sensitivity, specificity and accuracyincreased to 92.2%, 86.3% and 89.6%.Conclusions Compared toconventional cytology test, the sensitivity and specificity were significantly high when the two methods were combined .Therefore, the combination method can be used to assist in clinical identification of the nature of ascites and pleural effusion and to help the diagnosis of disease.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of hypertension among the elderly population in Shanxi Province. Methods According to the random sampling, 41 residents committees of city blocks and villages of 9 areas (including Taiyuan, Datong, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, et al) of Shanxi Province were extracted as the investigative spots. All the people were older than 55years, and risk factors for hypertension were identified. Results A total of 3702 people were surveyed, including 1,782 men and 1,920 women. The total hypertension prevalence rate was 39.0%(the standardized rate: 39. 5 %), with 38. 7 % in men (the standardized rate: 38. 5%), 39.3 % in women (the standardized rate: 41.2%), and no statistic significance was found between men and women (χ2= 0. 143, P>0. 05). Aging, lacking of knowledge, and obesity were risk factors for hypertension. Conclusions The hypertension in Shanxi Province has a high prevalence rate among the elderly population, a comprehensive intervention should be taken in the prevention of hypertension.