High-quality standard drafting is the foundation for ensuring the effective implementation of radiological health standards. Based on the current standard drafting requirements and the practices in drafting and reviewing radiological health standards in recent years, this article analyzed and discussed the connotations of three principles of standardized document expression, including consistency, coordination, and usability, as well as their application in standard drafting. This article summarized the important considerations during drafting and provided reasonable suggestions, which can be used as a reference for standardization professionals.

HDAC7, a member of class IIa HDACs, plays a pivotal regulatory role in tumor, immune, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, rendering it a potential therapeutic target. Nevertheless, due to the high similarity in the enzyme active sites of class IIa HDACs, inhibitors encounter challenges in discerning differences among them. Furthermore, the substitution of key residue in the active pocket of class IIa HDACs renders them pseudo-enzymes, leading to a limited impact of enzymatic inhibitors on their function. In this study, proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology was employed to develop HDAC7 drugs. We developed an exceedingly selective HDAC7 PROTAC degrader B14 which showcased superior inhibitory effects on cell proliferation compared to TMP269 in various diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Subsequent investigations unveiled that B14 disrupts BCL6 forming a transcriptional inhibition complex by degrading HDAC7, thereby exerting proliferative inhibition in DLBCL. Our study broadened the understanding of the non-enzymatic functions of HDAC7 and underscored the importance of HDAC7 in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, particularly in DLBCL and AML.

During the hyperacute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the mass effect and blood components mechanically lead to brain damage and neurotoxicity. Our findings revealed that the mass effect and transferrin precipitate neuronal oxidative stress and iron uptake, culminating in ferroptosis in neurons. M6A (N6-methyladenosine) modification, the most prevalent mRNA modification, plays a critical role in various cell death pathways. The Fto (fat mass and obesity-associated protein) demethylase has been implicated in numerous signaling pathways of neurological diseases by modulating m6A mRNA levels. Regulation of Fto protein levels in neurons effectively mitigated mass effect-induced neuronal ferroptosis. Applying nanopore direct RNA sequencing, we identified voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (Vdac3) as a potential target associated with ferroptosis. Fto influenced neuronal ferroptosis by regulating the m6A methylation of Vdac3 mRNA. These findings elucidate the intricate interplay between Fto, Vdac3, m6A methylation, and ferroptosis in neurons during the hyperacute phase post-ICH and suggest novel therapeutic strategies for ICH.
Ferroptosis/physiology* ; Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO/genetics* ; Animals ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Transferrin/pharmacology* ; Mice ; Methylation ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Adenosine/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; Male ; Oxidative Stress/physiology*

Objective:To investigate the application value of porcine small intestinal sub-mucosa (SIS) acellular matrix mesh in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR).Methods:The prospective multicenter randomized controlled single-blind non-inferiority-type study was conducted. The clinical data of 216 patients who underwent LIHR in 4 medical centers, including Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University et al, from April 2021 to August 2022 were selected. Patients were divided into two groups using a central randomization system. Patients in the experimental group were implanted domestic SIS mesh, and patients in the control group were implanted imported mesh of similar material origin. The baseline characteristics of enrolled patients were evaluated using the full analysis set, and the effectiveness indicators were evaluated using the protocol set. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the ttest. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers and/or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. If the lower limit of 95% confidence interval( CI) of the difference in effective rates between the experimental group and the control group was greater than the non-inferiority cut-off value of ?10%, the experimental group was considered non-inferior to the control group. Results:(1) Situations of the enrolled patients. A total of 216 patients were selected for eligibility, with 46 patients dropping out due to violation of the trial protocol, and the remaining 170 patients were included in the full analysis set. Nine patients were dislodged due to loss to follow-up, and 161 patients completed follow-up. One case in the experimental group was excluded due to violating the inclusion and exclusion criteria, while the remaining 160 patients were included in the protocol set (80 cases in the experimental group and 80 cases in the control group). There was no significant difference in the gender, age, body mass index (BMI), surgical method, Gilbert type of hernia, volume of intraoperative blood loss, operation time of patients between the experimental group and the control group ( P>0.05), confounding bias ensured comparability. (2) Study endpoints. ① Primary study endpoint. During the postoperative 6 month of follow-up, none of patient in the experimental group or the control group had hernia recurrence, with the recurrence rate as 0. Results of non-inferiority test showed that the difference of hernia recurrence between the two groups was 0 (95% CI as ?4.58% to 4.58%), with the lower limit of ?4.58% greater than the non-inferiority cut-off value of ?10%, which fulfilled the non-inferiority hypothesis. ② Secondary study endpoints. Cases with plasmapheresis during the follow-up were 18 in the experimental group and 29 in the control group, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=3.65, P>0.05). There were 4 cases with postoperative pain and 1 case with postoperative malaise in the experimental group, and there were 8 cases with postoperative pain and 0 case with postoperative malaise in the control group, showing no signifi-cant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( P>0.05). None of patient in the experimental group or the control group had incision infection, enterocutaneous fistula, intestinal obstruction, intestinal canal injury, allergy and rejection, testicular inflammation and/or atrophy, or any other complication. Conclusion:Compared with imported mesh of similar material origin, domestic porcine SIS mesh is safe and effective in LIHR.

Objective A neuroblastoma(NB)liver transplantation model was established and compared with the adrenal orthotopic transplantation model to explore its characteristics.Methods 5× 105 SK-N-SH cells were implanted along the long axis of the left lobe of mouse livers with a micro-injection needle.The growth,metastasis,expression of related genes,and histopathological changes of tumors were detected after the modeling.Results The tumor formation rate in mice inoculated with tumor cells reached 100％after 21 days,and tumor growth,metastasis,related gene expression changes,and pathological characteristics were apparent.Conclusions In this study,a neuroblastoma liver transplantation model was successfully constructed via a relatively simple surgical method to provide a more suitable choice for future scientific NB experiments.

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy (LRPS) in the left side lying at 60° run-hug position.Methods:The clinical data of 12 cases underwent LRPS at the Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from August 2022 to June 2023 were analyzed. There were 9 males and 3 females, ranging in age from 26 to 76 years old. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the operation, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the number and time of intraoperative hilar occlusion, postoperative drainage time, postoperative hospitalization time and postoperative complications were summarized.Results:Twelve operations were successfully completed under laparoscopy, and no patient was converted to laparotomy due to the difficulty in controlling intraoperative bleeding. 12 patients included 1 case of intrahepatic bile duct stones, 5 cases of primary liver cancer, 2 cases of hepatic hemangioma, 2 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver, 1 case of metastatic liver cancer, and 1 case of liver abscess. Operation time was (246.2±90.4) min, and the intraoperative blood loss was 125(22, 275) ml. The number of intraoperative hilar occlusion was 2.00(0.25, 2.75), and intraoperative hilar occlusion time was (27±22) min. Postoperative drainage time was (5.0±2.6) d, and the length of postoperative hospital stay was 6.0(4.3, 8.0) d. Intraoperative blood transfusion occurred in 1 patient, and postoperative abdominal effusion occurred in 1 patient. There was no postoperative death. All patients were recovered and discharged successfully.Conclusion:LRPS is safe and effective for the lesions in the right posterior hepatic region with the left side lying at 60° run-hug position.

Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience of surgical site infection(SSI)after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy(PELD).Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 11 cases of postoperative SSI after PELD from January 2016 to December 2022.After PELD surgery,severe lower back or lower limb pain occurred in all the patients,with a Visual Analog Scale(VAS)score of 7-9(average,8.1).The erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)was 17-114 mm/h(average,54.4 mm/h),and the level of C-reactive protein(CRP)was 8-151 mg/L(average,56.5 mg/L).The MRI showed changes of inflammatory signals in the intervertebral space of the surgical area.The SSI was diagnosed at 2-17 d(average,9.5 d)after PELD surgery.All the cases were treated with antibiotics(4 cases with empiric antibiotic therapy and 7 cases with sensitive antibiotic treatment),8 of which underwent combined surgery,including percutaneous endoscopic lesion removal,catheter irrigation and drainage in 4 cases,posterior lesion removal in 2 cases,and posterior lesion removal combined with internal fixation in 2 cases.Results The patients were followed up for 14-75 months(average,36.8 months).According to the modified MacNab criteria,5 cases were excellent,4 cases were good,and 2 cases were fair.Conclusions SSI after PELD is characterized by acute onset,recurrent severe lower back or lower limb pain,elevated inflammatory markers,and characteristic imaging features.Standardized antibiotic treatment combined with surgery can achieve good therapeutic effects.

Parkinson′s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, and the abnormal levels of its pathological marker ɑ-synuclein (ɑ-syn) are often accompanied by imbalanced heavy metal homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, with limited research. This review explores the interactions between iron, copper, zinc, and manganese with pathological ɑ-syn′s abnormal expression, aggregation, and degradation in development and progression of PD. It also discusses potential therapeutic directions for addressing heavy metal imbalances in PD patients.

Objective To explore the effect of personality characteristics on the facial esthetic satisfaction of edentulous patients,in order to provide reference for improving esthetic satisfaction after complete denture restoration.Methods Twenty-two edentulous sub-jects were randomly selected.Before complete denture treatment,the emotional stability of patients was assessed by Eysenck personality questionnaire N scale score(EPQ-N).Before and three months after treatment,patients completed the orofacial esthetic questionnaire,and 3D stereophotogrammetry was performed to evaluate the changes in facial appearance.In addition,multiple linear regression model was established by using N scale score,changes in facial appearance and facial esthetic satisfaction score.Results After complete denture treatment,the difference in the ratio of the middle and lower parts of the face between patients and the normal group was re-duced by(3.85±2.63)%,and the difference of the nasolabial angle between patients and the normal group was reduced by(6.66°±5.39°).The multiple linear regression model showed that N scale score and changes of the differencein the facial proportion between edentulous subjects and normal population were influencing factors of patients'esthetic satisfaction on the facial appearance,and the N scale score and changes of the difference inthe nasolabial anglebetween patients and normal population were influencing factors of the patients'aesthetic satisfaction on the facial profile.Moreover,the effect of two independent variables(N scale score and facial soft tissue change)on the aesthetic satisfaction of facial appearance and facial profile was statistically significant(P＜0.001).Furthermore,when the N score increased,the patients'aesthetic satisfaction on the facial appearance and facial profile decreased(B＜0).Conclusion Personality can affect the aesthetic satisfaction of edentulous patients.Consequently,we should take reasonable measures for patients with different personality in the process of complete denture restoration,so as to achieve the goal of improving patients'aesthetic satisfaction.

Background::Heterotaxy (HTX) is a thoracoabdominal organ anomaly syndrome and commonly accompanied by congenital heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to analyze rare copy number variations (CNVs) in a HTX/CHD cohort and to examine the potential mechanisms contributing to HTX/CHD.Methods::Chromosome microarray analysis was used to identify rare CNVs in a cohort of 120 unrelated HTX/CHD patients, and available samples from parents were used to confirm the inheritance pattern. Potential candidate genes in CNVs region were prioritized via the DECIPHER database, and PNPLA4 was identified as the leading candidate gene. To validate, we generated PNPLA4-overexpressing human induced pluripotent stem cell lines as well as pnpla4-overexpressing zebrafish model, followed by a series of transcriptomic, biochemical and cellular analyses. Results::Seventeen rare CNVs were identified in 15 of the 120 HTX/CHD patients (12.5%). Xp22.31 duplication was one of the inherited CNVs identified in this HTX/CHD cohort, and PNPLA4 in the Xp22.31 was a candidate gene associated with HTX/CHD. PNPLA4 is expressed in the lateral plate mesoderm, which is known to be critical for left/right embryonic patterning as well as cardiomyocyte differentiation, and in the neural crest cell lineage. Through a series of in vivo and in vitro analyses at the molecular and cellular levels, we revealed that the biological function of PNPLA4 is importantly involved in the primary cilia formation and function via its regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondria-mediated ATP production. Conclusions::Our findings demonstrated a significant association between CNVs and HTX/CHD. Our data strongly suggested that an increased genetic dose of PNPLA4 due to Xp22.31 duplication is a disease-causing risk factor for HTX/CHD.