Personal health records were collected and analyzed for 1804 residents at Dongfeng town,Zhongshan city, Guangdong. One hundred and forty-one of 1804 residents suffered from chronic pharyngitis with a prevalence of 7.8 percent, 11.9 percent in males and 6. 6 percent in females with statistically significant difference (x2 = 12. 076, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Age, body mass index, physical exercise, eating habit,dental caries, oral illness (gingivitis, periondontitis, ondontolith), ear-nose-throat diseases, allergic constitution all were associated with their chronic pharyngitis, which was more prevalent in those of males,with ear-nose-throat diseases, lack of physical exercise, aged less than 24 years and over-intake of sugar.

Accidents ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning ; Vegetables

Objective To explore the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and gallstone disease in general male population in Guangdong. Methods Each subject received a questionnaire and took an upper abdominal ultrasound examination in a cross-sectional study. Results The prevalence of gallstone disease became higher with the increase of amount of cigarette smoking per day (trend test ?2=5.542, P=0.019) and with the total amount of cigarette smoking in their life (trend test ?2=7.302, P=0.007), these significance remained after controlling well-known risk factors for gallstone disease such as age and body mass index (BMI) (OR=1.269,95%CI: 1.018~1.580 for cigarette smoking per day and OR=1.295, 95%CI: 1.020~1.646 for total ). Little to moderate alcohol drinking (

Objective This paper aims to use components as the key factors to explore the feasibility of evaluation method about the learning effect of Web-based PBL.Methods We distributed a questionnaire to 101 students of clinical class of 2007 and 2008 grade in Guangzhou Medical University,and electronically distributed after 2 weeks.Cranach's α coefficient WaS used to evaluate intrinsic consistency reliability of the questionnaire.We applied principal axis factoring to extract components and to explain components which were orthogonally rotated by varimax.Multi-factor regression model Was simulated with key factors and the model's performance of fitting WaS tested.Results Multi-factor regression mode(WPBLSUM)=0.545 Collective collaboration capabilities+0.202 Self-learning and quest skills+0.137 linical reasoning and problem-solving capabilities+0.116 memorizing and understanding of medical knowledge.The coefficient of determination R2Was 0.998 and the corrected coefficient of determination R2Was 0.998.indicating that the model's fit results are obvious.Conclusion This paper demonstrates that using components as the key factors to simulate and assessing the Web-based PBL learning effect is feasible,which assesses the Web-based PBL learning effect well from four different aspects.

Objective To explore the role of microRNA-206 (miR-206) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in infantile bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).Methods Thirty-five cases of infantile bronchiolitis and 25 cases of healthy controls were enrolled into the current study.PBMCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of both healthy subjects and those with infantile bronchiolitis in the acute and the convalescent stages.Total RNAs were extracted from PBMCs which were stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and Ionomycin, and then the RNA was transcribed reversely into cDNA.The expressions of miR-206 and Kruppel-like transcription factor 4 (KLF4) were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method.Plasma interleukin-17 (IL-17) was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results There was a significant difference in miR-206 levels of children with RSV bronchiolitis in the acute stage(0.055 ±0.018) and the convalescent stage(0.187 ±0.069) as well as the healthy controls(0.204 ± 0.075).Through pairwise comparison, the miR-206 levels in the children in the acute stage were significantly lower than those in the convalescent stage and healthy control group (P ＜ 0.01), but no statistical significance was found between the convalescent stage group and healthy control group(P ＞ 0.05).The levels of KLF4 mRNA of children in the acute stage,convalescent stage as well as the healthy subjects were 0.588 ± 0.161,0.086±0.024,0.075 ±0.019, respectively,which was significantly difference (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of IL-17 were (58.26 ±25.88) ng/L, (9.87 ± 3.01) ng/L, (7.65 ± 2.16) ng/L, respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Compared to the convalescent and the normal control group,both the KLF4 mRNA and IL-17 levels were markedly higher in the acute stage (P ＜ 0.01), but there were no significant differences between children with RSV bronchiolitis in convalescent stage and in the healthy controls (P ＞ 0.05).Furthermore, the result of this study showed a negative correlation between the expression of miR-206 and KLF4(r =-0.624 ,P ＜0.01)and IL-17 (r =-0.609 ,P ＜0.01) in children in the acute stage and a positive correlation between KLF4 mRNA and IL-17 in children in the acute stage (r =0.662, P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The levels of miR-206 may play a role in the onset of RSV associated post-bronchiolitis (PB) and the low expression of miR-206 in children infected with RSV may increase the susceptibility to PB.

Due to the subjective and objective constraints of universities in China,PBL Teaching Mode failed to gain its popularity in China's medical education.In its teaching reform,Guangzhou Medical University put forward a new teaching model--Web-based PBL Teaching Mode(hereinafter referred to as WPBL).by integrating the classical concept of PBL education with the real situation of the university and carried it out among students in bilingual classes of Clinical Medicine.The resuIts showed that by effectively overcoming the difficulties during the implementation of classical PBL teaching,Web-based PBL Teaching Mode not only succeeded in achieving the teaching objectives,but also improved the learning efficiency and utilization of teaching resources greatly by means of network technology.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic opening of the common bile duct in the duodenal bulb.Methods The clinical data of 3 patients who were admitted to the Binzhou People's Hospital and 9 patients who were admitted to the Tianjin People's Hospital from January 2006 to December 2013 with ectopic opening of the common bile duct in the duodenal bulb were retrospectively analyzed.Seven patients had choledocholithiasis and 5 had stenosis at the end of common bile duct.The medical histories and clinical features in patients were analyzed and routine blood test and serum liver function test were done.All the patients received the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) examination and were cured.All the patients were followed up via outpatient examination and telephone interview up to August 2014.Results Six patients had histories of cholangitis recurrence and 2 had histories of duodenal ulcer recurrence.All the patients had pain in the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen.Seven patients had fever,chills,skin yellowing sclera and tenderness in the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen.The levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in 11 patients,the levels of TBil and DBil in 8 patients and the count of WBC in 7 patients were increased.(1) The results of ERCP showed as follows:there was no papillar opening at the second and third segment of duodenum.The crack-like opening located at the duodenal post-bulb with rough and erosive mucosal surfaces and intermittent outflow of bile.Duodenal ulcer was detected in 5 patients and duodenal bulb metamorphosis in 3 patients.All the 12 patients received successfully intubations.(2)The results of retrograde cholangiography showed as follows:the end of common bile duct of 12 patients was taper and sickle-shaped.Intra-and extrahepatic bile duct dilation was detected in 10 patients,choledocholithiasis in 7 patients and clear findings for the pancreatic duct in 5 patients.Among the 12 patients,8 received balloon dilation (5 with stenosis at the end of common bile duct,3 with choledocholithiasis),3 received laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) combined with cholangioenterostomy due to diameter of stone more than 1.5 cm and ectopic opening stenosis of the common bile duct in the duodenal bulb.One patient was treated by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) lithotomy of common bile duct after unsuccessful ERCP without bleeding and pancreatitis-related complications.The symptoms of cholangitis in 3 patients were alleviated after balloon dilation,2 patients had recurrence of cholangitis and were cured by Roux-en-Y cholangioenterostomy.The mean open surgery time and mean duration of postoperative hospital stay in 5 patients were 85 minutes (range,60-150 minutes) and 10 days (range,8-14 days),respectively.All the 12 patients were followed up with a median time of 38 months (range,8-90 months).During the follow-up,10 patients survived well without recurrence of cholangitis and cholelithiasis.Two patients had recurrence of cholangitis at postoperative month 2 and month 14,including 1 patient with the recurrence of common bile duct sand-like stones,and they were readmitted to hospital and treated by Roux-en-Y cholangioenterostomy without recurrence by follow-up.Conclusions The clinical symptoms of ectopic opening of the common bile duct in the duodenal bulb included recurrence of cholangitis,duodenal ulcer history,pain in the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen,skin yellowing sclera,abnormal liver function,crack-like openings in the duodenal bulb by ERCP examination with outflow of bile,cholangiography-guided taper and sickle-shaped end of common bile duct.The treatment should be aimed at the concomitant diseases.

ObjectiveTo study the epidemiological characteristics of deaths due to pneumoconiosis and its complications in order to improve the prevention and management of pneumoconiosis. MethodsThe pneumoconiosis deaths who died during 1959‒2019 in Chongming District of Shanghai were investigated and analyzed retrospectively by the descriptive epidemiological methods. The correlation of the age of onset and the course of disease was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation，as well as the duration of dust exposure and the course of disease in pneumoconiosis patients. ResultsFrom 1959 to 2019， there were 226 pneumoconiosis deaths， 223 males （98.67%）. The mortality of silicosis was the highest （82.07%）. The age of onset of pneumoconiosis was negatively correlated with the course of disease （r_s=-0.596，P<0.001）.There was no correlation between the duration of dust exposure and the course of disease in pneumoconiosis patients （r_s=-0.107，P=0.109）.There were statistically significant differences in mortality among groups in different types and stages of pneumoconiosis（χ²=59.250，27.666，both P<0.05）. The mortality increased with the increase of stage of pneumoconiosis. The mortality of pneumoconiosis was significantly different in 1959‒1979， 1980‒1989， 1990‒1999， 2000‒2009 and 2010‒2019 （χ²=29.750， P<0.05）. The top three causes of death in pneumoconiosis cases were respiratory diseases， malignant tumor and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.ConclusionIt is suggested to further strengthen the health monitoring and management of pneumoconiosis patients，control lung and chronic respiratory diseases to delay the life expectancy and improve quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using composite autologous patch graft combined with tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon in the treatment of irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (IMRCT).Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed on 11 IMRCT patients who were admitted to Affiliated Fuyang Hospital of Bengbu Medical University (Fuyang People′s Hospital) from May 2020 to June 2022, including 7 males and 4 females, aged 54-74 years [(62.6±7.3)years]. All the patients were treated with arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using composite patch graft combined with tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Acromiohumeral Distance (AHD), Constant-Murley score and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score and active range of motion of the shoulder joint before, at 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up were compared. At the last follow-up, the integrity of reconstructed superior capsule and the long head of the biceps tendon was evaluated using MRI of the shoulder joint. Postoperative complications were observed.Results:All the patients were followed up for 13-39 months [16(13, 36)months]. The VAS score, AHD, Constant-Murley score, and UCLA score were 2(2, 3)points, (9.1±1.1)mm, (56.1±5.4)points, and (19.7±2.8)points respectively at 6 months after surgery, which were all significantly improved from those before surgery [6(5, 7)points, (5.1±1.2)mm, (37.9±2.2)points, and (11.8±1.2)points] ( P<0.05). The VAS score, AHD, Constant-Murley score, and UCLA score were 0(0, 1)points, (8.4±0.9)mm, (83.6±3.8)points, and (28.2±2.3)points respectively at the last follow-up, which were all significantly improved from those before surgery ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the VAS score or AHD were not significantly improved from those at 6 months after surgery ( P>0.05); Constant-Murley score and UCLA score were both significantly improved from those at 6 months after surgery ( P<0.05). At 6 months after surgery, shoulder active ranges of motion in forward flexion, abduction and external rotation were (134.6±13.5)°, (124.6±18.6)° and 45(40, 50)° respectively, which were all significantly improved compared with those before surgery [(63.2±36.1)°, (65.0±23.1)°, and [30(20, 40)°] ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, shoulder active ranges of motion in forward flexion, abduction and external rotation were (144.1±12.6)°, (139.6±15.4)° and 60(45, 65)° respectively, which were all significantly improved compared with those before surgery ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in active range of motion of the shoulder in forward flexion, abduction and external rotation between 6 months after surgery and the last follow-up ( P>0.05). At the last follow-up, MRI revealed integrity of the reconstructed superior joint capsule and the long head of the biceps tendon in 10 patients. One patient developed resorption of the greater tuberosity and 1 showed a partial tear of the supraspinatus tendon at 1 year after surgery. Conclusion:Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction using composite autologous patch graft combined with tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon can relieve shoulder pain, decrease upward displacement of the humerus head, improve the function and range of motion of the shoulder joint, and reduce complications in the treatment of IMRCT.

Objective To examine the effect of low temperature on trehalose and trehalase levels in Culex pipiens pallens. Methods The fourth instar larvae and female adult mosquitoes of Cx. pipiens pallens were exposed at 4 ℃ for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 h and 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72 h, respectively. Then, the trehalose and trehalase contents were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in mosquitoes. Results The contents of trehalose and trehalase significantly increased in the larval and female adult mosquitoes post-exposure to low temperature. The changing trend of trehalose levels was consistent in the larval and female adult mosquitoes, and the highest levels were (2.458 8 ± 0.379 2) mg/g and (2.825 7 ± 0.211 1) mg/g 3 h post-exposure to low temperature, respectively. The trehalose and trehalase levels fluctuated greatly within the first 6 h post-exposure to low temperature. Following adaptation for a period of time, the trehalose and trehalase levels remained at a relatively high level. Conclusion Low temperature may induce the production of trehalose and trehalase in Cx. pipiens pallens, and the trehalose and trehalase may play an important role in the improvement of the cold resistance.