Objective To compare the clinic efficacy and safety of renal osteodystrophy between hemodiafiltration (HDF)com-bined low dose calcitriol and high flux hemodialysis combined high dose Calcitriol .Methods 25 patients ,who were in accordance with the inclusion criteria ,were randomly divided into HDF combined low dose Calcitriol group (group HDF) (n=13) and high flux hemodialysis combined high dose Calcitriol (group VitD)(n=12) .Patients in group HDF took Calcitriol for 0 .5μg after every dialysis session ,while those in group VitD took it for 1 .0 μg after dialysis at first ,then the dose would be adjusted every 4 weeks according to the level of blood Calcium .The intervention continued for 16 weeks in total .Then detecting the levels of intact parathy-roid hormone (iPTH) ,bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) ,serum calcium (Ca) ,serum phosphorus (P) ,and calculating Ca × P sedi-mentation and clinical symptom score .Results he level of Ca in group HDF and group VitD increased significantly after interven-tion (P= 0 .000) .No difference was no statistically significant between the two groups (P= 0 .141) .The P ,iPTH ,BAP of two groups were significantly decreased (P<0 .05) .P in group HDF decreased more significantly(P=0 .003) .iPTH and BAP in group VitD decreased more significantly (P=0 .034 ,0 .046);Ca × P in group HDF decreased significantly (P=0 .031) ,but increased obvi-ously in group VitD(P=0 .037) ,which was much higher than group HDF(P=0 .001) .Clinical symptom in the two groups im-proved significantly after intervention(P<0 .05) ,There were no significant difference between the two groups(P=0 .632) .Conclu-sion The clinic efficacy of HDF combined low dose calcitriol is same as that of high flux hemodialysis combined high dose calcitri-ol .It could also reduce calcitriol side-effect ,which is an effective theraphy for high turnover osteodystrophy .

Accidents ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning ; Vegetables

Objective To assess the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in a single center in northwest China.Methods Using the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd Edition, all consecutive patients which were suspected as sleep disorders in Tangdu Hospital between January 2007 and December 2016, were included retrospectively.Results The average age of 8 037 patients was (46.59±15.83) years with male-female ratio 1∶1.24.Chronic insomnia was found in 3 848 (47.9%) patients, obstructive sleep apnea was found in 2 648 (32.9%) patients, narcolepsy was found in 294 (3.7%) patients, Kleine-Levin syndrome was found in 11 (0.1%) patients, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders were found in 14 (0.2%) patients, rapid eye movement behavior disorder was found in 193 (2.4%) patients, restless legs syndrome was found in 139 (1.7%) patients, periodic limb movement disorder was found in 109 (1.4%) patients, and other possible sleep disorders were found in 478 (5.9%) patients, respectively.Chronic insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea combided with somatic diseases.Conclusions Patients diagnosed by polysomnography in our single center suggested consultation rate of sleep disorders was increasing in past ten years, of which chronic insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea were dominant and comorbided with somatic diseases.

Yunnan sudden death syndrome (YSDS) is an abruptly fatal disease of unknown etiology, found mostly in central or northwestern mountain area (with altitude between 1 815 and 2 225 meters ) of Yunnan province from June to September every year. It occurs mostly in young female adults, with high incidences in Lisu, Yi and Miao ethnics and high familial aggregation. The clinical manifestation of YSDS is changeful and the pathological characteristic is lack of specificity. The pathogenesis may be at-tributed to several factors including poor hygiene and lower socioeconomic conditions, lack of Selenium or Chromium, infection of Coxsackie B virus, mushroom consumption and special geological conditions. This article reviews the epidemiologic features, clinical manifestations, pathological features, etiology and hypothesis in order to provide clues for the research of YSDS.

Objective To make etiological and epidemiological investigation on the infection of Angiostrongylus canto-nensis in 8 pupils in Changle City. Methods (1) CSF of patients was examined with the conventional method to detect pathogens and eosinophiles. (2) The fecal samples of wild rodents were collected from the spot and examined microscopically to discover the first stage larvae of A. cantonensis. (3) Snails (Pila gigas) were collected in the spot. The smashed head tissue was examined for the third stage larvae of A. cantonensis. (4) The patient's clinical symptoms and physical signs were recorded with an emphasis on central nervous system. Results (1) Two larvae of the third stage of A. cantonensis were found in CSF of one patient. Eosinophiles occupied 68% of the cell number in average (ranged from 47% to 83%) in CSF of the 8 patients. (2) The infection rate of the first stage larvae of A. cantonensis was 39.3% (44/112) in feces of the rodents. (3) The infection rate of the third stage larvae of A. cantonensis was 40. 0% (82/205) in the snails. (4) Major clinical manifestations in the 8 patients included: severe headache(8/8), dizziness(8/8), nausea(8/8), vomiting(8/8), lethargy(7/8), lower limb hypody-namia(7/8). Conclusion The confirmation of severe infection of A. cantonensis in 8 child patients demonstrated that a natural nidus of angiostrongyliasis is present in Chengle City.

Objective To provide the basis for the differentiation with similar species of intestinal flukes through observing the figure of Haplorchis pumilio. Methods Adults of H. pumilio were collected from the intestine of the cat which was infected with the encysted cercariae of H.pumilio for 45 days. The worms were observed after staining. Eggs and metacercariae of H.pumilio were collected and examined for their shape, size and morphological characteristics. Pseudorasbora parva, the fish host, was examined for the parasitized sites of metacercariae. Results The principal characteristics of the adults is the acetabulum degradation. There are only the genital sucker with 44-48 hamuli. The average measurement of eggs is 31.2?16.7 ?m with a smooth shell. Its aceromion is not evident. The average diameter of metacercariae is 168.5 ?m. There are squamous spines on metacercaria. The metacercariae only parasitize in the muscle between the basis of the fin and the fish body. The average measurement of metacercaria cyst is 445?95?m, with squamous spines on the body surface. Hamuli are found on the genital sucker of metacercaria cyst. Conclusion The morphological figures and parasitic sites of metacercaria, the genital sucker of the adult, and the number and form of the hamulus on the genital sucker provide basis for distinguishing H. pumilio from other intestinal flukes.

Objective To establish a method of identification of DKO mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystro-phy, and to assess the dystrophin regeneration after stem cell transplantation.Methods Heterozygous mice were mated and the resulting offspring were used to identify their genotype by SSP-PCR.The plasma creatine kinase level was measured by biochemical analyzer and histological changes in the DKO mice were analyzed using HE staining.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were prepared and injected into the DKO mice hindlimb muscle, and dystrophin expression was de-tected by immunofluorescence staining at 2 months after injection.Results Mating of heterozygous mice generated three kinds of genotype offsprings, and 21.2%of the offsprings were identified as DKO genotype (285 bp) .DKO mice showed dystrophic symptoms, their plasma creatine kinase level was as high as 16988.52 ±617.48 IU/L, and significant histologi-cal changes including diverse myocyte sizes, numerous centrally nucleated cells and connective tissue proliferation or in-flammatory cells infiltration.Human dystrophin expression was detected in the DKO mouse hindlimb muscle at two months after injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Conclusion DKO mouse genotype can be identified by SSP-PCR, and DKO mouse is an ideal animal model for studies of stem cell therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

In order to understand the situation of schistosomiasis in Fujian Province, the surveillance and field survey data of 16 counties (cities or districts) were statistically analyzed from 2003 to 2008 according to the national and provincial surveillance protocols. The snail areas were 69 400 m~2 in 2003, and 506 700 m~2 in 2004, then decreased to 57 700 m~2 in 2008 after the snail control in 2005 and 2006. Serological examinations were conducted in 18 000 people, among which 5 412 people were the mobile population from schistosome-endemic areas, and 110 persons were positive, among which 8 persons had eggs and miracidia in their stools, among 7 885 appendix samples, Schistosoma japonicum eggs were found in 8 samples of the patients who came from the o-riginal endemic areas. By the stool examination, 2 709 head of farm cattle in the region with snails were not found infected with Schistosoma japonicum. It is suggested that the areas of residual snails are large and widespread, and the imported patients are found frequently, so the danger of schistosomisis transmission still remains.

Neck myoclonus is part of sleep-related dyskinesia characterized by sudden myoclonus during night sleep. Myoclonus causes pronounced brief rotation or flexion of the head. As a single event, neck myoclon ususually occurs during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and it lasts longer than 0.5-1.0 s. At present, neck myoclonus is rarely reported. A 28-year-old male whose clinical manifestation was repeated head swing during sleep was admitted to Tangdu Hospital. Video-polysomnography showed that all the events occurred during REM sleep, and some of them were accompanied by micro-arousal reaction and leg movement. Small does of clonazepam could relieve symptoms.

Parkinson's disease(PD)and restless legs syndrome(RLS)are relatively common movement disorders.There has been much debate over whether an etiological link exists between these two diseases and whether they share common pathophysiological mechanisms.PD and RLS may co-occur and respond well to dopaminergic agents, suggesting there is underlying dopamine dysfunction in both conditions.Despite the overlapping clinical features, the mechanisms underlying idiopathic RLS and RLS associated with PD may differ.In this article, we review studies related to the epidemiology, pathophysiology and genetics of PD with concurrent RLS, in order to provide evidence for exploring the link between RLS and PD.