This paper summarizes the progress on anti -tumor effect and its mechanism of Noni over the past decade.Plenty of tests indicated that noni juice , juice extracts, leaf and root extracts have anti -tumor effects.It can inhibit tumor growth through inducing tumor cell apoptosis ,activating host immune system ,inhibi-tion of angiogenesis and cyclooxygenase ,anti -oxidation and blocking carcinogen -DNA adduct formation.This paper provides a reference for the adjuvant therapy of anticancer drugs and food form Noni .

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is the rate-limiting enzyme which catalyses the metabolism of L-tryptophan(L-Trp) in the kynurenine pathway.It is overexpressed in many tumor cells and antigen presenting cells.This enzyme inhibits local immune response and supports tumor cells to evade immune surveillance by depleting L-Trp and producing kynurenine metabolites,thus,it is an important target for cancer immunotherapy.There are several IDO1 inhibitors with different scarfold under investigation,three of which have already entered clinical stage.The role of IDO1 in tumor immune tolerance and the research progress on IDO1 inhibitors in recent years are summarized in this paper.

Objective To observe the effects of Eldepryl on expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in substantia nigra and striatum in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to explore the protective mechanism of Eldepryl on dopaminergic neuron . Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=72) were randomly divided into control group, model group and Eldepryl group (n=24 in each group). Each group was divided random?ly into 2 subgroups as 4 day treatment group and 8 day treatment group (n=12 in each subgrop). Pakinson’s disease model was established by injecting rotenone subcutaneously back the neck, rats in the control group were injected with an equal vol?ume of sunflower oil subcutaneously at the same location. Rats in the Eldepryl group were then given Eldepryl 0.5 mg·kg-1 in?tragastrically every day for 4 or 8 consecutive days and rats in model group and control group were given an equal volume of saline instead. The expression of TH and GDNF in substantia nigra and striatum were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting showed that strong expression of TH positive cells with little expression of GDNF positive cells were seen in substantia nigra and striatum in rats of control group, and there was no significant difference between subgroup of 8 day treatment and 4 day treatment within control group. The expression of TH cells and GDNF were both significantly reduced in model group compared with those in control group (both P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between subgroup of 8 day treatment and 4 day treatment within each group. The ex?pression of TH positive cells were significantly reduced in Eldepryl group compared with those in control group, and were sig?nificantly increased compared with those in model group. The expression of GDNF positive cells were significantly increased in Eldepryl group compared with those in control group and model group (all P<0.05). And there were significantly more ex?pression of TH positive cells and GDNF positive cells at subgroup of 8 day treatment compared with those at subgroup of 4 day treatment within Eldepryl group with (all P<0.05). Conclusion These data suggest that Eldepryl can protect the dam?age of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and striatum of PD rats. And its therapeutic mechanism may be associated with increased expression of GDNF.

Objective To explore the application value of pulse induced contour cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring in diagnosis and treatment of patients with neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE).Methods With review of literature, the data of 4 patients of severe neurological disease complicated by NPE admitted into Department of Critical Care Medicine of Huangshan People's Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College from 2011 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed and discussed in their PiCCO hemodynamic characteristics and processes of treatment.Results The PiCCO of 4 patients with NPE showed that the extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) was increased significantly (EVLWI was 12 - 42 mL/kg on admission and 10 - 22 mL/kg after hospitalization for 24 hours), all revealing a high permeability pulmonary edema type. The capacity balance of the first 24 hours in the 4 cases was all of positive balance (+1 130, +1 200, +1 750, +1 120 mL respectively). In the treatment, the supplementary colloid was strengthened, the vasoactive drugs such as, dopamine, dobutamine, milrinone, etc were applied to improve the circulatory oxygenation, then the EVLWI was declined; finally the disease situation in 3 cases was improved and one died.Conclusions The clinical diagnosis and treatment of NPE is complex, and many contradictions appear in the therapeutic course. PiCCO monitoring is valuable in early diagnosis, identification of pulmonary edema type, guidance in fluid supplement and vascular active drug application, and assessment of disease severity and prognosis.

Objective To discuss the influence of eldepryl on the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cd11b in substantia nigra and striatum in the rats with Parkinson’s disease (PD),and to clarify the regulatory role of eldepryl in the gliacytes.Methods 72 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,PD model group and eldepryl group,and each group was divided randomly into 4 d and 8 d subgroups (n=12)after the success of model preparation.The PD rat models were established by injecting rotenone in subcutaneous.The number of GFAP and cd11b positive cells and the expressions of GFAP and cd11b were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting method.Results The GFAP and cd11b positive cells were all in a resting state in control group, the GFAP-positive cell body was slender and irregular and had elongated protrusions;the cd1 1 b-positive cell body was small and branch-like,and it had more slender protrusions.The GFAP and cd11b positive cells were all in a active state in model group, the GFAP-positive cell body was hypertrophy, the proj ections increased thickening;the cd1 1 b-positive cell body was more bigger, the proj ections were shorter and thicker, and the number was increased.Compared with model group, the GFAP-positive cell body and protrusions were more slender, the CD11b-positive cell body was more smaller,the projections were more slender,and the number was decreased in eldepryl group.There were a small amount of expression of GFAP and cd11b positive cells in substantia nigra and striatum in the rats in control group,and there was no significant difference between 8 d group and 4 d group(P>0.05). The number of GFAP and cd11b positive cells and the protein expression levels were significantly increased in model group compared with control group(P<0.01);there was more expression in 8 d group compared with 4 d group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The number of GFAP and cd11b positive cells and the protein expression levels in eldepryl group were significantly reduced compared with model group(P<0.01);there were less expression in 8 d group compared with 4 d group, and there was significant difference (P<0.05 ). Conclusion There are activation and proliferation of the gliacytes in substantia nigra and striatum in the rats with PD,and eldepryl can inhibit the activation and proliferation of gliacytes.

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Dust ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Occupational Health ; Welding ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThe loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) detection method was applied to detect Listeria monocytogenes in food. The specificity and sensitivity of this method were evaluated through comparing it with Real-time PCR and conventional detection method.

METHODSThe LAMP primers were designed based on hly gene of Listeria monocytogenes. The LAMP method was applied to detect 88 Listeria monocytogenes, 1 reference strain ATCC 15313 of Listeria monocytogenes and 33 non-targets bacteria strains; base-material addition test and practical food samples detection were also conducted. Both of Real-time PCR and ISO 11290-1 methods were used as parallel detection method in addition to LAMP. The three kinds of methods were compared by specificity, sensitivity, detection limit and the detection result of practical food samples.

RESULTSBoth detection results of LAMP and Real-time PCR for 89 Listeria monocytogenes were positive (100%, 89/89), 33 non-targets bacteria strains were negative (100%, 33/33). The sensitivity of LAMP was 2 × 10² CFU/ml, which was consistent with Real-time PCR method (2 × 10² CFU/ml) and better than ISO 11290-1 method (2 × 10² CFU/ml). Base-material addition test result showed that the detection limit of the three kinds of methods were 3 CFU/25 g samples. And the result of practical food samples displayed the same detection rate of 4% in the three methods (2/45).

CONCLUSIONThe LAMP method of Listeria monocytogenes established in this study has good specificity and sensitivity, which can be applied to the rapid detection of Listeria monocytogenes.

Food Contamination ; analysis ; Food Inspection ; methods ; Food Microbiology ; Listeria monocytogenes ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; methods

Objective To investigate the clinical value of MRI in the diagnosis of oblique vaginal septum syndrome(OVSS),and to improve the diagnostic level for this disease.Methods Clinical and imaging data of 8 patients (7 adolescent females and 1 female in fertility period)with vaginal septum syndrome were analyzed retrospectively.All participants were evaluated by ultrasound examination before MRI scanning,and 1 of them underwent enhanced MRI scan.Results Among the 8 patients with OVSS,the main findings of MRI includes uterine deformity (4 double uterus,3 mediastinal uterus,1 double angle uterus with uterine septum),oblique vaginal septum (7 right oblique septum and 1 left oblique septum).All subjects presented with ipsilateral renal agenesis,and 4 patients with endometriosis,1 patient with ureteral distortion and ectopic opening and 1 patient with double inferior vena cava.6 patients suffered with hemorrhage in the posterior chamber of oblique septum and 2 patients with empyema.Hemorrhage in the contralateral vagina were observed in 3 cases,while no significant abnormality was found in other 5 cases.Conclusion MRI scan has an important clinical value on the diagnosis of OVSS and can provide crucial information for the optimal individual treatment.

Objective:To understand the levels of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn, and Se in maternal and umbilical cord blood, and to explore the transplacental transfer efficiency (TTE).Methods:From September 2010 to December 2013, a total of 773 pregnant women and their newborns (Laizhou Bay Birth Cohort) were recruited from a second grade hospital in the south bank of Laizhou Bay, Bohai, Shandong Province. According to different detection methods, the six measured elements are classified into three groups including the Hg measurement group (595 mother-newborn pairs), the Pb measurement group (534 mother-newborn pairs), and the Cd, As, Mn and Se measurement group (244 mother-newborn pairs). The demographic characteristics of pregnant women and their newborns were obtained by the questionnaire. The concentrations of elements in maternal and umbilical cord blood were detected and the TTE of each element (elemental concentration in cord blood/elemental concentration in maternal blood) was calculated. The correlation of elements between maternal and cord blood was analyzed using Spearman′s rank correlation coefficient.Results:The mean± SD of maternal age, gestational week and newborn birth weight of 773 mother-infant pairs were (28.34±4.50) years, (39.47±1.39) weeks and (3 419.47±497.39) g respectively. The median concentrations of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn and As in maternal and cord blood were 31.12 and 30.02, 1.19 and 0.47, 8.05 and 6.03, 0.69 and 1.26, 100.70 and 105.55, 127.25 and 115.00 μg/L, respectively. The TTE of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn, and Se was 0.98, 0.41, 0.73, 1.73, 0.96 and 0.91, respectively. Pb, Cd, Hg, Mn, and Se showed a significant positive correlation between maternal blood and cord blood, with Spearman correlation coefficients of 0.397, 0.298, 0.698, 0.555, and 0.285 (all P values<0.001). Conclusion:Each element was commonly detected in maternal blood and cord blood. The TTE of Hg was the highest.

Objective:To understand the levels of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn, and Se in maternal and umbilical cord blood, and to explore the transplacental transfer efficiency (TTE).Methods:From September 2010 to December 2013, a total of 773 pregnant women and their newborns (Laizhou Bay Birth Cohort) were recruited from a second grade hospital in the south bank of Laizhou Bay, Bohai, Shandong Province. According to different detection methods, the six measured elements are classified into three groups including the Hg measurement group (595 mother-newborn pairs), the Pb measurement group (534 mother-newborn pairs), and the Cd, As, Mn and Se measurement group (244 mother-newborn pairs). The demographic characteristics of pregnant women and their newborns were obtained by the questionnaire. The concentrations of elements in maternal and umbilical cord blood were detected and the TTE of each element (elemental concentration in cord blood/elemental concentration in maternal blood) was calculated. The correlation of elements between maternal and cord blood was analyzed using Spearman′s rank correlation coefficient.Results:The mean± SD of maternal age, gestational week and newborn birth weight of 773 mother-infant pairs were (28.34±4.50) years, (39.47±1.39) weeks and (3 419.47±497.39) g respectively. The median concentrations of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn and As in maternal and cord blood were 31.12 and 30.02, 1.19 and 0.47, 8.05 and 6.03, 0.69 and 1.26, 100.70 and 105.55, 127.25 and 115.00 μg/L, respectively. The TTE of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn, and Se was 0.98, 0.41, 0.73, 1.73, 0.96 and 0.91, respectively. Pb, Cd, Hg, Mn, and Se showed a significant positive correlation between maternal blood and cord blood, with Spearman correlation coefficients of 0.397, 0.298, 0.698, 0.555, and 0.285 (all P values<0.001). Conclusion:Each element was commonly detected in maternal blood and cord blood. The TTE of Hg was the highest.