Twenty- five patients with severe head injury underwent early total parenteral nutrtion (TPN) support,and the blood glucose,serum albumin,body nutritional index and nitrogen balance were monitored in our case- controll study.We find that the patients with severe head injury could get more energy and protein from TPN than from enteral nutrition (EN) ,the mortality of the patients with TPN was significantly lower than the patients with EN.The total nutrient admixture(TNA) in our study can provide sufficient energy and protein,but cannot raise blood glucose,so it can make a good condition for the recovery of the severe head injuries.

Objective To explore more effective treatments of Chinese medicine for diabetic nephropathy.Methods This study took opened non-relevant documents knowledge discovery method to study the diabetic nephropathy literatures in order to find the hidden links among literatures. A valuable scientific hypothesis will be put forward upon the study to guide or implement a new knowledge discovery after it acquire the agreement of experts. Results Use keywords frequency statistics method based on open non-related literature knowledge discovery, the anti-inflammatory herbs were filtered out Most herbs with anti-inflammatory effects had the functions of clearing away heat and detoxicating, expelling wind and removing dampness. Conclusion Prescriptions with the functions of clearing away heat and detoxicating, expelling wind and removing dampness may delay the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy and play an important role in curing this disease.

Objective To study the causes, significance of alteration of PtiO 2, PtiCO 2 and pHti in liver tissue during liver ischemia reperfusion (I R). Methods After rabbits were anesthetized, liver ischemia was induced by complete occlusion of the hepatoduodenal ligment for 45 min, then the portal and arterial flow were released, and observed for 120 min for measuring the PtiO 2, PtiCO 2 and pHti in liver tissue and the pathology of the liver during ischemia reperfusion. Results After 15 min of hepatic vascular occlusion, PtiO 2 decreased to 4 mmHg, PtiCO 2 increased fast to (149.63?9.80) mmHg (P

OBJECTIVETo introduce a simple, fast and universal measuring method used in measurement of the surface area of scalp flap over the cranial defect after decompressive craniectomy.

METHODSThe first step: CT images of the patient with craniocerebral trauma after decompressive craniectomy were obtained and imported into Mimics. The second step: based on the defined threshold, the 3D geometric models of brain and skull were reconstructed after the original Dicom format pictures three-dimensional processed by Mimics. The third step: based on the two builded 3D models, utilizing the segmentation and measurement tools of Mimics to conduct cutting, splitting and measuring operations for the 3D model of brain. The forth step: estimating the surface area of scalp flap over the removed bone flap by using mathematical computation methods.

RESULTSThe application of the introduced method estimated the surface area of scalp flap over the cranial defect of different people with different position of craniocerebral trauma.

CONCLUSIONSThis paper introduces a simple, fast and universal new measuring method. We can conveniently estimate the surface area of scalp flap by using the introduced method.

Decompressive Craniectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Models, Anatomic ; Scalp ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To discuss the selection of diagnosis for intracranial aneutysms,and to analyze thera-peutic efficacy of microsurgical treatment and endovascular embolizafion in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.Methods 190 pailents suffeming from intracranial aneurysms experienced brain CT examination.37 cases detected by MRI.31 cases detected by MRA,134 were confirmed by computered tomographic angiography(CTA)or 3D-CTA,and 142 cases were confirmed by digital subtract angiography(DSA).96 patients underwent microsurgical treatment,4 of whom failed in endovascular embolization.92 cases underwent endovascufar therapy,2 of whom were embolized by ONYX,and the other were embolized by guglielmi detachable coil(GDC).Results 9 patients died,2 of whorn died of re-hemorrhage,3 died of severe vasospasm,4 died of pneumonia and other complications,and the others were cured.Conclusion CT is the first choice for the subarachniod hemorrhage;MBA could be a choice for the detection of intracranial aneurysm without hemorrhage,but is not suit for the aneurysm clipping.The size-form,relationship with patent arteries,and even the raptured point of aneurysms can be clearly demonstrated by CTA-and CTA can be used to the operation for intracranial aneurysms directly.DSA-especially 3D-DSA Call display the blood supply of the complicated aneurysms clearly,and can guide the treatment for intracnmial aneurysms directly.Endo-vascular therapy and aneurysm clipping seem like complimentary than competitive,patients with acute cerebral edema should try to undergo endovascular therapy,while the patients with severe vasespasm should be treated with microsur-gical operation immediately and resolutely.The ruptured aneurysms in multiple intracraniul aneurysm should be iden-tified correctly and treated in the early stage.

Objective To introduce a simple, fast and universal measuring method used in measurement of the surface area of scalp flap over the cranial defect after decompressive craniectomy. Methods The first step: CT images of the patient with craniocerebral trauma after decompressive craniectomy were obtained and imported into Mimics. The second step:based on the defined threshold, the 3D geometric models of brain and skul were reconstructed after the original Dicom format pictures three-dimensional processed by Mimics. The third step:based on the two builded 3D models, utilizing the segmentation and measurement tools of Mimics to conduct cutting, splitting and measuring operations for the 3D model of brain. The forth step: estimating the surface area of scalp flap over the removed bone flap by using mathematical computation methods. Results The application of the introduced method estimated the surface area of scalp flap over the cranial defect of different people with different position of craniocerebral trauma. Conclusions This paper introduces a simple, fast and universal new measuring method. We can conveniently estimate the surface area of scalp flap by using the introduced method.

Objective:To observe the changes of blood cell count, and levels of hormone, glucose, and electrolytes at adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and thyrotropic hormone (TSH) axes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at early stage, and explore the correlations among these indicators.Methods:Prospective selection of 93 patients with TBI (TBI group), admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to July 2019, and 18 health subjects accepted physical examination (control group) during the same period was performed. TBI patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe subgroups according to Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores at admission. The changes of blood cell count, and levels of hormone, glucose, and electrolytes of these TBI patients and the control subjects were detected on the 2 nd, 8 th, and 15 th d of TBI. Results:(1) The cortisol (COR) level in TBI group was significantly higher than that in control group on the 2 nd and 8 th d of TBI (P<0.05); COR level in TBI group was decreased on the 2 nd, 8 th, and 15 th d of TBI, successively. TSH level in the TBI group was significantly lower than that in control group on the 2 nd d of TBI; TSH level in patients from the TBI group on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI was significantly higher than that on the 2 nd d of TBI (P<0.05). Triiodothyronine (T3) level in the control group, and mild, moderate, and severe TBI subgroups decreased successively on the 2 nd d of TBI; and T3 level in TBI group was significantly lower than that in the control group on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI; T3 level in the TBI group on the 15 th d of TBI was significantly higher than that on the 2 nd and 8 th d of TBI (P<0.05). Tetraiodothyronine (T4) level in the control group, and mild, moderate, and severe TBI subgroups decreased successively on the 2 nd d of TBI; and T4 level in the control group was significantly higher than that in the mild and severe TBI subgroups on the 8 th d of TBI(P<0.05); patients in the severe TBI subgroup had increased T4 level successively on the 2 nd, 8 th, and 15 th d of TBI. Free triiodinated thyroxine (FT3) level in the control group, and mild, moderate and severe TBI subgroups decreased successively on the 2 nd d of TBI; and FT3 level in the TBI group was significantly lower than that in the control group on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI; FT3 level in TBI group on the 15 th d of TBI was significantly higher than that on the 2 nd and 8 th d of TBI (P<0.05). Free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) level in the control group and moderate TBI subgroup was significantly higher than that in the mild and severe TBI subgroups on the 2 nd and 8 th d of TBI (P<0.05). (2) The white blood cell (WBC) count of the TBI group was significantly higher than that of the control group on the 2 nd d of TBI (P<0.05); the WBC count in the moderate TBI subgroup, severe TBI subgroup, mild TBI subgroup and control group decreased, successively, on the 8 th d of TBI; the WBC count in the severe TBI subgroup, mild TBI subgroup, moderate TBI subgroup and control group decreased, successively, on the 15 th d of TBI; the WBC count in the patients of mild TBI subgroup on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI was significantly lower than that on the 2 nd d of TBI, and that in patients of moderate and severe TBI subgroups on the 15 th d of TBI was significantly lower than that on the 2 nd and 8 th d of TBI (P<0.05). The red blood cell (RBC) count in the mild, moderate, and severe TBI subgroups, and control group were increased, successively, on the 2 nd, 8 th, and 15 th d of TBI. The platelet (PLT) count in the TBI group was significantly lower than that in the control group on the 2 nd d of TBI, and the PLT count in the mild and moderate TBI subgroups, and control group was significantly lower than that in the severe TBI subgroup on the 15 th d of TBI (P<0.05); the PLT count in the TBI group increased successively on the 2 nd, 8 th, and 15 th d of TBI. The blood glucose level in the control group, and mild, moderate and severe TBI subgroups increased, successively, on the 2 nd d of TBI, and the blood glucose in the severe TBI subgroup was statistically higher than that in the control group on the 8 th d of TBI; the blood glucose level in the TBI subgroup decreased, successively, on the 2 nd, 8 th, and 15 th d of TBI. Potassium level in the mild, moderate and severe TBI subgroups was significantly higher than that in the control group on the 15 th d of TBI; significantly higher potassium level on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI was noted than that on the 2 nd d of TBI in patients from the moderate and severe TBI subgroups (P<0.05). The sodium content in the severe TBI subgroup was significantly higher than that in the mild and moderate TBI subgroups and control group on the 2 nd d of TBI; the sodium content in the severe TBI subgroup was statistically lower than that in the control group on the 15 th d of TBI (P<0.05). In patients from the severe TBI group, the sodium and chlorine contents on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI were significantly lower than those on the 2 nd d of TBI. The blood calcium content in the moderate TBI subgroup and control group was significantly higher than that in the mild and severe TBI subgroups on the 2 nd d of TBI, and the calcium content in the severe TBI subgroup was significantly lower than that in the control group on the 15 th d of TBI; calcium content in the mild and severe TBI subgroups on the 8 th and 15 th d of TBI was significantly higher than that on the 2 nd d of TBI ( P<0.05). (3) In TBI patients, WBC count and blood glucose level were positively correlated with COR, and negatively correlated with TSH, T3 and FT3 levels ( P<0.05). RBC count was negatively correlated with TSH level, and positively correlated with FT4 level ( P<0.05). PLT count was negatively correlated with COR and positively correlated with ACTH, TSH, T3, T4 and FT3 levels ( P<0.05). Potassium was positively correlated with TSH, T3, T4, FT3 levels, and negatively correlated with COR ( P<0.05). Sodium was negatively correlated with TSH, T4, FT3 and FT4 levels, and positively correlated with COR ( P<0.05). Chlorine was negatively correlated with COR, TSH, T4, FT3 and FT4 levels ( P<0.05). Calcium was positively correlated with T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 levels ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The more severe the injury of TBI patients, the more significant the decline of T3, FT3, and FT4 levels and RBC count, and the more significant the increase of WBC count and glucose level. Most of them gradually returns to normal within one-2 weeks of injury. It is recommended to evaluate ACTH axis and TSH axis functions when blood cell count, glucose, and electrolytes are abnormal after TBI.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antiatherogenic effect and possible mechanisms of the extracts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM) or Fructus Crataegi (FC), as well as their interaction.

METHODWistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal group and model group. The atherosclerotic model rats were injected VD3 and ovalbumin, while fed with high cholesterol diet. After the model was determined successfully, all model rats were divided into normal group, model group, Xuezhikang group, RSM group, FC group, mixture of RSM and FC group. Each group was given the corresponding drugs for 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, blood serum were analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase ( SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). And the blood plasma also analyzed for levels of endothelin (ET), 6-keto prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto-PGF1alpha), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and so on. At last, the pathological observation of aorta was carried out.

RESULTCompared with those in model group, the TC, TG, LDL-C, ET, TXB2 and MDA levels and TXB2/PGF1alpha ratio were reduced, while the HDL-C, the serum SOD, No and 6-keto-PGF1alpha level were raised in the intervention groups. Although the levels of CRP, IL-6 and IL-8 were lower than model group, there was no obvious effect on the releasing of TNF-alpha.

CONCLUSIONRSM and FC could inhibit the atherogenesis formation and development, which might be due to regulating the lipid metabolism, enhancing the antioxidation, and reducing the release of inflammatory factors.

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; prevention & control ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Crataegus ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

Disease-syndrome is a frequently used term in clinical Chinese medicine.Disease-syndromes are body's abnormal states affected by pathogenic factors with the same basic pathology, which are classified under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory.Basic pathology is essential for the classification of disease-syndromes.It is the internal stable connection among all elements in disease-syndrome, and reflects and runs through the whole progress of disease-syndrome.In addition, basic pathology is also the internal basis used for determining the main symptoms of disease-syndromes and the laws for diagnosis and treatment in Chinese medicine.The implication of disease-syndrome is different from disease, syndrome and symptom.To properly understand the implication of disease-syndrome has a contribution to summarizing the previous clinical experience and guiding the clinical practice.

Objective To measure the peripheral dose distributions of the mobile head cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and evaluate the impact of CBCT on the surrounding personnel and environment, and provide data support for clinical radiation protection management. Methods Combined with the structural characteristics of CBCT, AT1123 was used in the direction of 0° (counterclockwise), 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315° in front of CBCT to measure the ambient dose equivalent rate of 30 cm, 80 cm and 130 cm away from the ground when the equipment was normally out of the beam, and the boundary of the temporary control area was drawn. At the same time, the dose level behind the lead screen 1 m away from the external surface of the equipment was measured and analyzed. Results The dose field around CBCT was symmetrically distributed with the dividing line of 0° and 180°, and the radiation dose level of 5.5 m in the direction of 0°, 3.5 m in the direction of 45°, 0.5 m in the direction of 90° and within 1.0 m in the direction of 180° (inside the "spoon" type) was higher than 2.5 μSv/h. The radiation dose levels of CT aperture 0° (straight forward), 45° and 315° behind the lead screen 1 m away from the equipment surface were 0.37 μSv/h, 0.22 μSv/h and 0.54 μSv/h, respectively. Conclusion The results show that the radiation dose around the mobile head cone beam CT is in a low dose level, the distribution of the dose field can provide necessary reference for the administrative and medical personnel to strengthen the radiation safety management. At the same time, it is suggested that lead screens should be set up in the clinical use of mobile CT to ensure the health and safety of the surrounding people and the environment.