Soldiers are a group whose mental level are significantly low when special tasks in military exercises and actual combat training and other military stress. And one of main reasons caused in combat effectiveness reducing or potential non-combat loss is psychological and physiological and pathological damage which caused by military stress. This article reviewed the research about psychological stress reaction under military stress in the past years.

Objective:To summarize the curative effect in treatment of Raynaud's syndrome with chemical thoracic sympathectomy(CTS) guided by X-ray since 2001.Methods: From March 2001 to August 2007,97 patients with Raynaud's syndrome(186 limbs) were treated by CTS.Guided by X-ray,a needle was punctured through the back skin to the second thoracic sympathetic ganglion beside the thoracic vertebrae and 2 mL of 5%(v/v) phenol was injected.Results: The first CTS treatment produced a good effect on 146 limbs with an effective rate of 78.5%(146/186).The same treatment was performed on the limbs with no effect 1-2 days after the first treatment and produced good effect on 13 limbs with an effective rate of 32.5%(13/40).The total effective rate of the patients who were hospitalized for the first time was 85.5%(159/186).Of the 97 patients,78 patients(80.4%) were followed up for 47 months on an average with an effective rate of 69.5%.And the rate of complications was 11.4% for pheumothorax,and 3.9% for hydrothorax.Hyperalgesia on axillary region and anterior chest wall;Horner syndrome and sinus bradycardia were rare.Conclusion: CTS is minimally invasive and effective in treatment of Raynaud's syndrome.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of femoral vein thrombectomy for patients with acute deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs.Methods During June 2003 to August 2006,a succession of 43 patients with acute deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities received femoral vein thrombectomy in our hospital.An inferior vena cava filter was employed before the operation.Anticoagulation and regional thrombolysis were taken postoperatively.Analyse the data of operation procedure,curative effect and complications.Results The operation time ranged from 55 to 115 minutes with a mean of 92.6 minutes.Four of the patients received blood transfusion during the operation.The mean blood loss was 384.6 ml (100 to 1000 ml).Five patients showed transient fluctuation of blood pressure during the surgery.None of the patients had pulmonary embolism during and after the operation. Five patients developed lymph leakage from the incision at the inguinal area,and was cured in 1 week.One aged patient suffered from postoperative postatic pneumonia and was cured before being discharged;no other complications were found in this series.The thrombectomy achieved good outcomes in our patients.The edema and pain in the lower limbs were relieved quickly after the operation, the difference between the circumferences of the two legs decreaed from a median of 5.5 cm (thigh) and 4.0 cm (crus) to 1.5 cm and 1.0 cm (Z=-5.345,P=0.000 and Z=-5.461,P=0.000),respectively,32 of the patients received re-examination 6 months postoperation,none of them showed recurrent thrombosis.Conclusions Femoral vein thrombectomy is feasible and safe for serious acute deep vein thrombosis in the iliac and femoral veins.Patients can recover quickly after the operation.

To investigate the effect of the disequilibrium of calcium homeostasis on the apoptosis of MDCC-MSB1 cells induced by lanthanum chloride(LaCl3 ), MDCC-MSB1 cells was conventionally cultured in RPMI1640, which was tured for 24 h, MTT was utilized to detect the cell multiplication inhibition ratio,DNA ladder and TUNEL to detect apoptosis,the Fura-2/AM as the probe to detect the [Ca2+]i within cells. The results indicated when LaCl3 concen and [Ca2+]i also increased,and presented a dose-effectiveness relationship. LaCl3 could restrain the proliferation of MDCC-MSB1 cells,suggesting their apoptosis induced by changing [Ca2+]i.

Objective To investigate the influences of imatinib on Survivin gene expression in bcr-abl-transformed leukemia cells.Methods Firstly,PCR and Western blot were carried out to detected Survivin expression with imatinib treatment in 32Dcl3 and 32D-bcr-abl cell lines.Then the luciferase reporter plasmids containing human Survivin promoter as well as its deletion and site-directed mutation were constructed to identify the essential responsive elements for suppressing Survivin promoter activity by imatinib.Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed to confirm the binding of c-myc to Survivin promoter.10058-F4,a small molecule c-myc inhibitor,was used to disrupt c-myc activity and evaluate its anti-leukemic effect combined with imatinib.Results Both of mRNA and protein level of Survivin in bcr-abl-transformed cells were downregulated upon imatinib treatment.The decrease of Survivin expression was controlled at the transcriptional level through a mechanism in which imatinib repressed survivin promoter activity by disturbing the interaction between c-myc and E-box elements.Interruption of c-myc activity by 10058-F4 exerted an anti-leukemia effect with enhancing the sensibility of K562/G01 cells to imatinib.Conclusion Imatinib down-regulates Survivin expression through c-myc-mediated transcription and interference with c-myc might be a potential utility for treatment of imatinib resistant leukemia.

Objective To understand the blood pressure level of the aged in longevous area of Yunnan Province. Methods According to the forth census information,typical multistaged sample-survey was used for 15 counties (cities) with centenarians over 1/100 000 and the 3 counties (cities) with centenarians under 1/100 000. The blood pressure of people aged 60 and over were measured and the investigation questionnaire was filled in. Results The overall level of the blood pressure was systolic pressure (130.8?24.6) mm Hg and diastolic pressure (81.7?14.6) mm Hg. The systolic pressure increased in slow slope with the age growing, ranged 126.2-137.6 mm Hg, and higher in male than in female. The diastolic pressure was not affected by age growing. The difference of blood pressure in nationality was mainly affected by the latitude and the elevation. Conclusions With the age increasing, the blood pressure level of the aged people gradually increases.

SUMMARY Tuberculous aneurysm of the aorta is a very rare disorder. There have been only 50 reported cases of tuberculous aneurysm since 1895 till now, of which 88% were false aneurysms with majority being single in number. And only four were found to have multiple tuberculous aneurysms. The mean ages of the patients were 50?16 years. Treatment of tuberculous aortic aneurysm must be a combined medical and surgical approach. Once tuberculous aneurysm is identified, surgery must be performed promptly. The size of the aneurysm does not influence the need for surgery. A 70-year-old male with intermittent episodes of abdominal pain after receiving an inappropriate antitubercular therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed as multiple false tubercular aneurysm of abdominal aorta. An aneurysm of base 3.3 cm and greatest diameter 5 cm?6 cm was seen just above the opening of Coeliac trunk. Also at the dorsal aspect of abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery junction and ventral aspect of renal artery false aneurysms were seen, each with the size of 1 cm in diameter. Apart from antitubercular and antimicrobial treatment, first line surgery Endovascular Exclusion of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm was performed for ruptured false abdominal aortic aneurysm. Even before the second line surgery, smaller abdominal aortic aneurysms got ruptured and the patient ’s party gave up further treatment. Finally the patient died of gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the effects of isoflurane anenthesia on myocyte enhancer factor 2(MEF2) signaling pathway in neonatal rat hippocampus. Methods Twenty-four 5-day-old SD rats of both sexes,weighing 10-13 g, were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 12 each): control group (group C) and isoflurane group (group I). In group I, 1.5% isoflurane in 100% O2 was inhaled for 6 h. Group C received no treatment.Three rata in each group were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 h of isoflurane anenthesia and 24 h after isoflurane anenthesia (T1-4), and the hippocampi removed for determination of MEF2 mRNA, synGAP Ⅰ mRNA, Arc mRNA and synapsinⅠ mRNA expression (by PT-PCR) and synapsin Ⅰ protein expression (by Western blot).Results Compared with group C, the expression of MEF2 mRNA, synGAP Ⅰ mRNA, Arc mRNA and synapsin Ⅰ mRNA at T1-3 and synapsin Ⅰ protein at T2-4 was up-regulated in group I ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Inhalation of anaesthetic concentration of isoflurane may affect synapse formation during the development of central nervous system by actirating hippocampal MEF2 signaling pathways in neonatal rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of melatonin on isoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.Methods Seventy-five male SD rats,aged 18-20 months,weighing 350-400 g,were randomly assigned into 5 groups(n =15 each):control group(group C),1.5％ isoflurane group(group Ⅰ),melatonin 5 mg/kg group(group M1),melatonin 10 mg/kg group(group M2)and melatonin 20 mg/kg group(group M3).Group G inhaled a gas mixture of oxygen and air for4 h and group 1 inhsled 1.5％ isoflurane for4 h.Melatonin 5,10 and 20 mg/kg(in normal saline containing 1％ DMSO)were injected intrsperitoneally at 15 min before anesthesia and 3 h after the beginning of anesthesia in groups M1,M2 and M3 respectively,and then the animals inhaled 1.5％ isoflurane for 4 h.At the end of anesthesia,5 rats in each group were chosen and blood samples were taken to perform arterial blood gas analysis and to detect the blood glucose level and expression of phosphorylated Tau(p-Tau)protein in hippocampus.Ten rats in each group were chosen at 14 d after the end of anesthesia and Morris water maze was performed 3 times a day for 5 consecutive days to assess the cognitive function.Then the animals were sacrificed and hippocampi were removed for detection of p-Tau expression by Western blot.Results There were no significant differences in the parameters of arterial blood gas analysis and blood glucose level among the 5 groups(P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group C,the escape latency at 3-5 d was significantly prolonged,the probe time was significantly shortened,and the expression of p-Tau protein was up-regulated in groups I and M1(P ＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the indexes mentioned above in groups M2 and M3 (P ＞0.05).Compared with groups 1 and M1,the escape latency at 2-5 d was significantly shortened,the probe lime was significantly prolonged,and the expression of p-Tau protein was down-regulated in groups M2 and M3 (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the indexes mentioned above between groups I and M1,and between groups M2 and M3(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Melatonin(10 and 20 mg/kg)can improve isoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunclion in aged rats,which nay be related to inhibition of hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effect of melatonin on ketamine-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of fetal rats.Methods Sixteen to eighteen day pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized.The fetal rats were obtained under sterile condition and decapitated.The hippocampal neurons were isolated and primary cultured for 5 days.The primary cultured neurons were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C),ketamine group (group K),and 1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L melatonin groups (groups M1-3 respectively).Ketamine with the final concentration of 1 000 μmol/L was added to the culture medium and the neurons were incubated for 3 h in group K.In groups M1-3,1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L melatonin were added to the culture medium,respectively,at 60 min before the addition of ketamine,and the neurons were incubated for 3 h.While the equal volume of normal saline was added instead in group C.The neuronal viability during the developmental phase was assessed by MTT assay.The mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm) was measured by flow cytometry.The expression of cAMP response element binding protein phosphorylation (p-CREB (Ser133)),Bcl-2,Bax,and cytochrome C was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the neuronal viability and Ψm were significantly decreased,and the expression of p-CREB and Bcl-2 was down-regulated,while the expression of Bax and cytochrome C was up-regulated in group K (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group K,Ψm was significantly increased in groups M2 and M3,and the neuronal viability was significantly increased,the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated,while the expression of Bax and cytochrome C was down-regulated in groups M1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Melatonin can protect the hippocampal neurons of fetal rats from apoptosis triggered by ketamine via regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax,stabilizing Ψm,inhibiting the release of cytochrome C from mitoehondria,and preventing apoptosome formation.