Objective To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) on the T lymphocytes-mediated immune function in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Methods Totally 79 AIDS patients were randomly divided into enteral nutrition ( EN ) group ( supported with EN daily in addition to conventional treatment; n = 46) and control group (underwent conventional treatment only; n = 33 ). T lymphocytes including CD3, CD4, and CD8 cells as well as blood biochemical parameters including alanine aminotransferase ( ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose ( Glu ), total protein (TP), albumin ( ALB ), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) , Cr, and prealbumin (PA) were determined immediately before management (T0) and on the 30th day(T1). Results ALT, AST, Glu, TP, ALB, BUN, Cr, and PA showed no significant differences between these two groups before management ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ). The levels of TP ( P = 0. 015), ALB ( P = 0. 007 ), and PA ( P =0. 022 ) were significantly higher in EN group than those in control group at T1. The cell counts of CD3, CD4, and CD8 were not significantly different at T0, while the cell count of CD4 was significantly higher in EN group than that in control group at T1 ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion EN can improve the nutritional status and T lymphocytesmediated immune function in AIDS patients.

Objective To compare the effects of three kinds of fixative solutions on paraffin section of mouse lens tissue and optimize the fixing?method of paraffin section in mouse lens tissue. Methods Three kinds of conventional fixatives were selected for the test ,including the conven?tional Davison’s solution,modified Davison’s solution and 10%neutral buffered formalin. Mice eyeball tissues were fixed with three different fixa?tives,embedded,sliced and then stained with HE method. The paraffin slices were observed under the light microscope. Results The structures of lens and retina fixed in conventional Davison ’s fixative solutions were clear and intact ,and the cells were arranged regularly and compactly. There was no eyeball distortion,contraction and retinal detachment in the eyeballs fixed in modified and conventional Davison’s fixative solution. However,the ones fixed in 10%neutral buffered formalin showed eyeball distortion and contraction,space and spherules. Conclusion The mice lens slides made from tissues fixed by conventional Davison ’s fixative solution are better than fixed by modified Davison ’s fixative solution and the 10%neutral buffered formalin fixed ones.

Aim To observe the neuroprotective effect of different doses of propofol on ischemic fetal rat brain.Methods Eighteen healthy pregnant SD rats were randomly allocated into the following six groups with three rats in each.Group S: sham operation group, Group IR: ischemia/reperfusion group, Group P1~P3: different doses of propofol groups, Group B: bicuculline group.In group S and group IR, 1 ml saline solution was administered via caudal vein.In group P1~P3, 10, 30, 50 mg·kg-1 of propofol was administered via caudal vein respectively.In group B, when 50 mg·kg-1 propfol was administered via caudal vein, 5 mg·kg-1 bicuculline was injected intraperitoneally at the same time.Bilateral uterine ovarian arteries were clamped for 11 mins to make intrauterine distress model of the fetal rats.The brains of fetal rats were removed after 3 days of reperfusion.Brain sections(5 μm thick) were mounted and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin(HE).The profile of the hippocampus CA1 was evaluated under a light microscope and neuronal Lesion-index(LI) was calculated.MDA content of fetal rat brain was detected by thiobarbituric acid reaction method to determine the lipid peroxidation degree of brain.Results LI was (7.2±0.9) and MDA was (3.86±0.20) μmol·g-1 in group S.LI was 71.9±2.8 and the content of MDA was (9.10±0.45) μmol·g-1 in group IR, which increased significantly compared with those in group S(P<0.01).LI was (40.8±2.6), (21.4±1.4), (20.1±1.3) and the content of MDA was (7.32±0.41), (5.65±0.27), (5.44±0.28) μmol·g-1 in propofol groups, which decreased significantly compared with those in group IR(P<0.05).LI and the content of MDA was (51.2±2.3), (7.54±0.31) μmol·g-1 in group B,respectively, reversing partly the neuroprotevtive effect of propofl.Conclusion Propofol could protect the neurons in hippocampus CA1 region of fetal rat against intrauterine distress by reducing the concentration of MDA in the brain.

Molecular imaging technology, an advanced research area of imaging, can provide real-time, non-invasive image information of the target site in molecular level. The key of the molecular imaging technology is molecular probe. Aptamers are short oligonucleotides with high affinity and specificity to the target molecules. The targeting ability, stability and safety of aptamers are superior to traditional antibodies so that aptamers show prosperous usages in targeting drug delivery and disease diagnostics. Therefore, aptamers are considered to be an extremely ideal probes, which can guide quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles and ultrasound contrast agents on the targets and realize optical, magnetic resonance, ultrasonic multimodal and multifunctional imaging. All of the advantages can further promote the application of molecular imaging in disease treatment and diagnosis. In this paper, we review recent developments in the application of aptamers as molecular probes in major branches of molecular imaging.
Animals ; Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Molecular Imaging ; methods ; trends ; Molecular Probes ; SELEX Aptamer Technique

Objective To investigate the difference of effect between interventional treatments and intravenous therapy of lidamycin on VX2 rabbit liver cancer.Methods VX2 Carcinoma cells were surgically implanted into the left liver lobe of 12 New Zealand white rabbits to establish the VX2 rabbit liver tumor model.Tumor size was detected by type-B ultrasonic diagnostic instrument.The rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of six,respectively treated with the hepatic inter-ventional administration of lidamycin (LDM)(1 ml,0.05 mg/kg)under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA)(group A)and with the auricular intravenous administration of LDMat the same dose (group B).All the rabbits were sacrificed and anatomized on day 10 after treatment,whose liver tumor was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution and embedded in paraffin.Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)and CD34 expression in the sample sections of tumor tissue were assessed through immunohistochemical staining.The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT)and aspartate trans-aminase(AST)were detected by Cobas 8000.Finally,the inhibition of VX2 tumor was evaluated.Results The VX2 tumor volumes were all increased at 10 day after LDMtreatment.However,the tumors in group A were smaller than those of group B (P <0.05).The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the intervention therapy of LDM could further lower the expression of CD34 and PCNA compared to group B.Conclusion Hepatic interventional administration of LDM under the guidance of DSA produces a better effect on attenuating the tumor growth than the intravenous administration of LDM.

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance characteristics in HIV/AIDS patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Yunnan province, so as to guide the clinical medication. Methods We collected 278 cases of hospitalized patients with sputum,alveolar lavage specimen smear, culture, positive specimens from HIV/AIDS patients with lower respiratory infection in The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2008 to December 2012. Then we retrospectively analyzed the collected data. Results From 278 cases of sputum and alveolar lavage fluid specimens,we isolated a total of 127 strains of bacteria (45.7%), 53 strains of fungus (19.1%),50 strains of white candida,3 strains of aspergillus,49 strains of mycobacterium, 44 strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis,and the rest of atypical mycobacteria. Gram negative bacilli accounted for 64.6%,followed by pneumonia klebsiella bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa,e. coli,acinetobacter,sewer,e. coli, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 15.4%. Fungi accounted for 19.1%, and candida albicans was the common fungus. Mycobacterium tuberculosis accounted for 17.6%. Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to imipenem, ptilinum ketone/sulbactam and amikacin,gram-positive bacilli were sensitive to vancomycin, nitrofurantoin and imipenem. Conclusions The major pathogenic bacteria are gram-negative bacilli in HIV/AIDS patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Yunnan province,but fungal infection ratio is increasing year by year, and conditional pathogenic bacteria are the major pathogen,which have antimicrobial resistance with different degree,TB infection rate is high and multi-drug resistant TB appears. Antimicrobial agents should be rationally used to delay the appearance of pathogen resistance.

CMV,HHV-6,HHV-7 and HHV-8 DNA in unstimulated whole saliva from 245 HIV-infected subjects and 30 healthy controls were examined by nested-PCR assays.Prevalence of CMV,HHV-6,HHV-7 and HHV-8 in saliva of HIV-infected subjects was 34.7%, 83.3%,70.2% and 14.3% respectively,that of the controls 10.0%,56.7%,70.0% and 0% respectively(between 2 groups,P <0.01).There was no difference of detection rates of the four HHVs in saliva between HIV patients with HAART(n =100)and non-HAART (n =145)(P >0.05).Multi-infection was observed in all subject.

Objective To explore the increasing risk of herpes zoster and its possible mechanisms for hematologic disorders treated with arsenic trioxide (ATO). Methods The cases were divided into study group (with ATO) and control group (without ATO). The incidence rate of herpes zoster was compared between the two groups, and then the average cycles of chemotherapy were compared between the patients complicated with herpes zoster or not in study group. Results The rate of herpes zoster was significantly higher in study group than that in control group (χ2 =4.492, P =0.034). The rates of herpes zoster were 23.95 % (23/96) in study group and 7.89 % (3/38) in control groups. Patients in study group with herpes zoster had received 7.60 cycles and those without herpes zoster 7.72 cycles of chemotherapy on average (Z=0.976, P=0.296).Conclusion The risk of herpes zoster complication in hematologic disorders was increased after ATO treatment which probably activated varicella-zoster virus.

Objective To explore the association between plasma resistin levels and acute coronary syndrome. Methods Four hundred patients were divided into coronary heart disease (CHD) group（310）and control group（90）according to the coronary Angiography (CAG). And CHD group was divided into ACS subgroup（n＝217）and SAP subgroup（n＝93）according to the clinical information. 85 cases in CHD group were underwent 64-slice spiral computed tomography coronary artery imaging. The severity and extent of coronary lesions were analyzed by CAG and graded by means of Gensini coronary score system. Resistin level in plasma of all patients was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Resistin levels in CHD group［(889.1±248.2)pg/ml］ were significant higher compared with the control group［(261.6±111.9)pg/ml］ (P＜0.05), and resistin levels in ACS subgroup［(1260.0±368.0)pg/ml］ were much higher than that in SAP subgroup［(518.3±128.4)pg/ml］ (P＜0.05). Conclusions The resistin levels of patients with acute coronary syndrome increased significantly and might be associated with the vulnerable plaque. Resistin levels and 64 slice spiral computed tomography coronary artery imaging can be used to detect the vulnerable plaque in CHD patients.

Objective To study the imaging manifestations and clinical significance of simple cochlear nerve canal(CNC)stenosis. Methods The HRCT findings of 14 patients(1 7 ears)with simple CNC stenosis diagnosed sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)were retrospectively analyzed.The width of CNC and internal auditory canal was measured and compared with the normal ears,the data were statisti-cally analyzed by SPSS1 6.0.Thin-sliced MRI of internal auditory canal (axial and oblique sagittal position)was performed in 8 cases. Results HRCT displayed obvious CNC stenosis in all 14 patients(1 7 ears),2 ears with cochlear nerve canal atresia.Width of CNC and internal auditory canal was (0.5±0.3)mm and (4.6±1.0)mm,it was (2.1±0.2)mm and (5.1 ±1.3)mm in normal ears (1 1 ears),the width of CNC was of significant difference between normal ears and ears with SNHL,and there was no statistical sig-nificant difference in width of internal auditory canal.12 ears(from 1 7 ears with simple CNC stenosis)were lacking of fissure in the cribriform area,1 1 ears(normal ear)were existence of fissure in the cribriform area;cochlear nerves were not shown in 8 patients with MRI examination.Conclusion CNC stenosis can be isolated from internal auditory canal stenosis,MRI could display cochlear nerve dysplasia(CND).