Objective To investigate the changes of distribution and expression of NADPH\|d positive neurons and Fos like immunoreactive(Fos\|LI) neurons in the rats medullary visceral zone(MVZ) following different time course after global cerebral ischemia reprefussion. Method Fifty adult SD rats were divided into three groups,normal control group( n =2),sham operation group( n =12) and ischemia group( n =36).The 4 brain vessel of ischemia group rats were occluded for 30?min,then reperfused for 2?h,4?h,8?h,12?h,24?h and 48?h respectively.The sections of medulla oblongata were divided into three series.The first and second series were reacted with NADPH\|d histochemical and anti\|Fos immunohistochemical methods respectively,and the third series were double stained with the other two methods mentioned above. Results NADPH\|d neurons and Fos\|LI neurons were distributed in bilateral MVZ(in NTS and VLM predominately).The number of NADPH\|d neurons and Fos\|LI neurons of ischemia group rats were significantly increased than that of control group at 2\|12?h.Approximately 15\|20 percent NADPH\|d/Fos\|LI double labeled neurons were found in MVZ.Conclusion\ The results indicated that NADPH\|d neurons and non\|NADPH\|d neurons could sensitively respond to brain ischemia reperfsion and might associate with regulation of stress and defence responese.

Abstract A new method was established to determine the free inorganic cadmium ion ( Cd2+) in marine bivalves using high performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( HPLC-ICP-MS) . The free Cd2+ in shellfish was ultrasonic extracted for 40 min by 10 mmol/L Tris buffer solution ( with 0. 1 mol/L NaCl, pH=7. 5), and the separation of Cd2+ was achieved using an IonPac CS5A analytical column with an IonPac CG5A guard column. The mobile phase consisted of 50 mmol/L C2 H2 O4 and 95 mmol/L LiOH. The new method had a good linear relationship with the correlation coefficient of 0. 999 and the standard recoveries of Cd2+ were all above 84. 6%. The free Cd2+ content in several kinds of marine bivalves was determined using the method and the results showed that the percentage of free inorganic Cd2+ to the total Cd content in samples with high Cd content was higher than those with low Cd content.

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious chronic condition with a global impact. Symptoms of COPD include progressive dyspnea, breathlessness, cough, and sputum production, which have a considerable impact on the lives of patients. In addition to the human cost of living with COPD and the resulting death, COPD entails a huge economic burden on the Chinese population, with patients spending up to one-third of the average family income on COPD management in some regions is clinically beneficial to adopt preventable measures via prudent COPD care utilization, monetary costs, and hospitalizations. METHODS: Toward this end, this study compared the relative effectiveness of six indices in predicting patient healthcare utilization, cost of care, and patient health outcome. The six assessment systems evaluated included the three multidimensional Body mass index, Obstruction, Dyspnea, Exercise capacity index, Dyspnea, Obstruction, Smoking, Exacerbation (DOSE) index, and COPD Assessment Test index, or the unidimensional measures that best predict the future of patient healthcare utilization, cost of care, and patient health outcome among Chinese COPD patients. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression models were created for each healthcare utilization, cost, and outcome including a single COPD index and the same group of demographic variables for each of the outcomes. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the DOSE index facilitates the prediction of patient healthcare utilization, disease expenditure, and negative clinical outcomes. Our study indicates that the DOSE index has a potential role beyond clinical predictions.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Body Mass Index ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Cough ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dyspnea ; Health Expenditures ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Sputum

Kidney cancer is a common malignant tumor in urinary tumor system. Invasion of blood vessels is one of the important ways of metastasis. Tumors will involve the renal vein and inferior vena cava, leading to the formation of venous tumor thrombi. In recent years, the Da Vinci Robotic Surgical System has developed rapidly. Robotic surgery improves the accuracy of the operation. This article reviewed the related literature in recent years to summarizes indications, preoperative preparation, surgical skills, surgical efficacy and complications of renal cancer vena cava thrombectomy with Robotic.

Urinary malignancy is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. Early detection, diagnosis, treatment response and prognosis can significantly improve patients' quality of life. The development of non-invasive liquid biopsy represents a major innovation in the field of precision medicine, opening up a new era for precision medicine and individualized treatment of cancer. Circulating biomarkers have shown a great potential utility in the diagnosis, treatment response, and prognosis of urinary tumors. This paper reviews the recent progress of liquid biopsy in urinary neoplasms.

Previous studies believe that oligometastasis has unique biological characteristics. Early active treatment for patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer can delay disease progression and improve survival. However, the current definition of oligometastasis is still unclear, and its optimal treatment is still a major concern of the medical community. This article reviewed recent research progresses in term of the definition and comprehensive treatment strategy of oligometastatic prostate cancer.

The latest epidemiological data suggests that the situation of adult diabetes in China is severe, and metabolic diseases have become significant chronic illnesses that have a serious impact on public health and social development. After more than six years of practice, the National Metabolic Management Center(MMC) has developed distinctive approaches to manage metabolic patients and has achieved a series of positive outcomes, continuously advancing the standardized diagnosis and treatment model. In order to further improve the efficiency, based on the first edition, the second edition guideline was composed by incorporating experience of the past six years in conjunction with the latest international and domestic guidelines.

Carcinogenesis ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Organoids ; YAP-Signaling Proteins