HIV/AIDS has become one of the principal factors which seriously threatened the security of the human race since 80s,which draw worldwide attention.Given that Southern Africa is at present generally believed to be the epicenter of this pandemic,HIV/AIDS has come to represent an unprecedented threat to the human security of the region's states in particular.The article analyses the causes,and attributes the phenomenon to such factors as poor public health sector,the impacts of SAPs,the backward tradition and superstition,stigmatization,status of women and the adverse effect of urbanization.

Neuronal apoptosis is one of the important forms of neuronal death in ischemic stroke.N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitatory amino acid toxicity plays an important role in neuronal apoptosis. It is the initiator and executor of apoptosis in neuronal cells. NR2B is the major regulatory subunit of this receptor, its transmembrane segment M2 is a reflexed membrane loop region facing cytoplast toward intramembrane, forming the inner wall of ion channel, which determines the permeability of the NMDA receptor ion channel to calcium. Glutamate mediates cell injury mainly through calcium overload, therefore, NR2B subunit plays a vital role in the neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke.

Objective　 To investigate the causes and therapy　of inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy.　 Methods　21 cases with inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy, which were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 1980 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed.　 Results　Of 21 cases, 17 were male, 4 were female. Follow-up of 3 months to 2 years found no recurrence among the 13 cases receiving medical therapy. 8 cases underwent surgical excision (4 of which had been preoperatively misdiagnosed as carcinoma or tuberculosis) with pathology-proved diagnosis of inflammatory mass.　Conclusions　Afflicting mainly male youths, this disease is a kind of local chronic inflammatory hyperplastic entity, which subsides by medical therapy. Surgery is only indicated in cases when carcinoma or tuberculosis could not be excluded.

Objective　To study the effect of gadolinium chl oride hexahydrate (GDCL3) on the structure and lipid peroxide (LPO) of rat hep atocellular mitochondria during liver cold ischemia storage. 　Methods　Forty Wistar rats were randomized into 8 gr oups ( 5 in each group). Group 1～4 served as control. The other 4 groups were p retreated with GDCL3 (7mg/kg). The ultrastructures of hepatocellular mitocho ndria were observed by electron microscope and LPO of hepatocellular mitochondri a were investigated. 　Results　LPO o f hepatocellular mitochondria in group 1h, 2h, 3h pretreated with GDCL3 for 1、 2、 3 h were 1.0±0.3、1.7±0.2、2.0±1.0, LPO was suppressed sign ificantly compared with control group (2.2±1.0、2.8±1.0、3.5±1.0、 P<0.05). With time prclonging of liver storage, the damage of hepatocellular mitochondria ultrastructure became more severe and LPO of hepatocellular mitoch ondria increased significantly. Pretreated with GDCL3, the damage of hepatocel lular mitochondria ultrastructures were lessened and the elevation of LPO was s uppressed significantly (1 hour、 2 hours、3 hours，P<0.05). 　Conclusion　Mitochondria damage is one of the sensitive characters of liver cold ischemia injury, GDCL3 inhibits rat hepatoc ellular injury during liver cold ischemia storage.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of early diabetic nephrosis treated with Danhong injection and Losar- tan Potassium Tablets.Methods 60 patients were randomly divided into treatment group (n=30) and control group (n=30).Both grougs take orally medicine or insulin for normal blood sugar,the control group were treated with con- ventional treatment.On the basis of conventional treatment,the treatment group were treated with Danhong injection and Losartan Potassium.Results After treated for 28 days,the UAER,BUN,SCr and hemorheology were significantly improved in the treatment group than in the control group (P

Objective To investigate the role of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX 2) in the forming of portal hypertension and whether a selective COX 2 inhibitor can reduce the portal hypertension or not. Methods Cirrhotic Sprague Dawley rat was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) intraperitoneally for 8 weeks. The animals were divided into three groups: 10 normal rats served as control group; the other 15 rats, which received CCl 4 intraperitoneally twice a week and rofecoxib (10 mg/kg) by gavages daily, served as treatment group; another 15 rats, which were induced cirrhosis by CCl 4 but given placebo (saline solution ) instead of rofecoxib, served as placebo group. After 8 weeks of CCl 4 induction, portal pressure was measured, and the levels of thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2), and prostaglandin (PG)E 2 in the liver tissues were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Furthermore, liver histopathological analysis was performed in H E and Masson's trichrome staining sections. Results Portal pressure in the rats of rofecoxib group was significantly decreased compared to that in the placebo group [(11.95?1.05) mm Hg vs. (13.45?1.15) mm Hg; P

OBJECTIVE:To establish an ion-pair RP-HPLC method for determination of the concentration of netilmicin sulfate in human serum.METHODS:The determination was performed on Luna C18 column with column temperature set at 40℃;the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water (15∶85,pH 2.0,containing 10 mmol?L-1 sodium heptanesulfonate) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 205 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of netilmicin was 2～20 mg?L-1(r=0.997 6) with a recovery rate of 93.66%～96.05%.The intra-day and inter-day RSD were both less than 10%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The method is sensitive and simple with accurate and reliable results,and it is able to satisfy the requirement for the determination of serum concentration of netilmicin.

Clinical data of 40 cases of advanced schistosomiasis complicated with liver cancer were analyzed in this paper.

Objective:To explore if there was a correlation between TNFAIP8 and gastric tumor drug resistance. Methods:We collected 47 cases of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and detected the expression of TNFAIP8 in their tissues before and after surgery by im-munohistochemistry. Compared the expression of TNFAIP8 between SGC7901 cell and its cisplatin resistance cell SGC7901-DDP by Western blot,and then we used siRNA technology to decreased its expression,continued to test the susceptibility to cisplatin through MTT. Results:The expression of TNFAIP8 between pre-neoadjuvant and after-neoadjuvant had no difference, but the expression of chemotherapy effectiveness was lower than chemotherapy invalidness(P<0. 05);the expression of SGC7901-DDP cell was also higher than SGC7901 cell; the expression of TNFAIP8 decreased apparently through plasmid transfection of SGC7901-DDP cell, MTT test showed the fewer expression of TNFAIP8 could increase the susceptibility to cisplatin(P<0. 05). Conclusion: TNFAIP8 was involved in chemotherapy resistance of gastric carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the causes and therapy of inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy.Methods21 cases with inflammatory abdominal mass after appendectomy, which were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 1980 to 1998, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of 21 cases, 17 were male, 4 were female. Follow up of 3 months to 2 years found no recurrence among the 13 cases receiving medical therapy. 8 cases underwent surgical excision (4 of which had been preoperatively misdiagnosed as carcinoma or tuberculosis) with pathology proved diagnosis of inflammatory mass.[WT5”HZ]Conclusions Afflicting mainly male youths, this disease is a kind of local chronic inflammatory hyperplastic entity, which subsides by medical therapy. Surgery is only indicated in cases when carcinoma or tuberculosis could not be excluded.