Objective To compare the clinical effect of valsartan/amlodipine combination or irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ)combination in very elderly hypertensives.Methods After a 4-week placebo period,94 hypertensives,aged 75-89 years were random given valsartan 160 mg/amlodipine 5 mg or irbesartan 300 mg/HCTZ 12.5 mg for 24 weeks according to a rospective study.After 4 weeks,amlodipine or HCTZ was doubled in non-responders.Patients were checked every 4 weeks.At each visit,sitting,lying and standing blood pressure(BP),systolic BP(SBP)and diastolic BP(DBP)were measured. At the end of placebo period and treatment period,electrolytes and uric acid were evaluated.Results Blood pressure was significantly decreased in both treatment groups,however,there was no statistical significance between two groups.BP changes from lying to standing position were significantly greater in the irbosartan/HCTZ group(-17.2/-9.1 mmHg)than that in the valsartan/amlodipine group(-10.1/-1.9 mmHg,t=2.14,P＜0.05 for SBP and t=3.11,P＜0.01 for DBP vs.irbesartan/HCTZ).Potassium significantly decreased and uric acid significantly increased(-0.4 mmol/L,t = 2.33,P＜ 0.05 and+29.7μ mol/L,t =2.54,P＜0.05 vs.baseline,respectively)only in the irbesartan/HCTZ group.Conclusions Both combinations had similarly effective in reducing clinical BP in very elderly hypertensives.However,valsartan/amlodipine offered some advantage and less pronounced BP orthostatic changes and absence of metabolic adverse effects.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of valsartan/amlodipine combination with valsartan only in primary hypertension patients.Methods After 4 weeks wash-out,90 patients (18-65 years) with primary hypertension were randomized to valsartan 160 mg/amlodipine 5 ng or valsartan 160 mg for 24 weeks according to a prospective study.Patients were checked every 4 weeks.At each visit clinical sitting blood pressure (SeDBP) were evaluated.weeks.The primary endpoint was to evaluate the improvement of SeDBP at the end of 24-week treatment.There were 83 patients(the combination therapy group n =43,monotherapy therapy group n =40) completed the 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring which was included in the final efficacy analysis.Results The randomized,single-blind treatment for 24 weeks.the mean value of SeDBP reduction,the reaching target blood pressure rate and total successful response rate to the treatment (a SeDBP ＜90 am Hg or a decrease of 10 mmHg or more from baseline) were (12.3 ±5.9)mmHg,64.9％ and 87.8％ in the combination therapy group,respectively,and were (7.9 ± 6.2) mmHg,34.8％ and 64.5％ in the monotherapy group,respectively.There were statistically significant difference between the combination therapy and the monotherapy groups in all the 3 indexs (P ＜ 0.01).The combination significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values throughout the 24h,the trough to peak ratios of DBP/SBP in the combination and valsartan alone were 82.8％/75.7％and 85.4％/78.8％ (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Conclusion The combination therapy with valsartan/amlodipine was superior to valsartan monotherapy and was well tolerated in patients with essential hypertension and allowing a satisfactory BP control for 24 hours.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of gastrointestinal bleeding(GB) in secondary prevention patients with cerebral ischemic stroke(CIS).Methods A total of 616 patients were divided into bleeding group and control group according to the status (yes,no) of suffering GB during the 2years follow-up.Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of GB in CIS patients.Results The proportion of age≥65,a history of GB,gastric disease,renal insufficiency,sudden onset,NIHSS ≥12 and CIS ≥2 in the bleeding group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05) ; The proportion of combined with statins,proton pump inhibitors and gastric mucosal protective agent in the bleeding group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P ＜0.05) ; The Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥65,a history of GB,gastric disease,renal insufficiency,sudden onset,NIHSS≥12 and the times of CIS≥2 were risk factors of GB; however,combined with statins,proton pump inhibitors were protective factors.Conclusions Aging,a history of GB,gastric disease,sudden onset,higher NIHSS score and the times of CIS ≥ 2 were the risk factors of GB,combined with statins and proton pump inhibitors could reduce the risk of GB.

Objective To study the clinical effect of the treatment of cognitive dysfunction of acute cerebral infarction with ganglion glycosides.Methods 83 acute cerebral infarction patients with cognitive dysfunction were selected.83 patients were randomly divided into two groups:the conventional group (41 cases) and the intervention group (42 cases).The conventional group was given conventional control infection,anti platelet aggregation and control hemorrhage of digestive tract and routine rehabilitation training for the main therapy.The intervention group was given conventional treatment plus ganglioside 100mg + 0.9％ sodium chloride 250mL,1 time a day,treatment for 21 days.Observation index:(1) total effective rate;before and after treatment,the difference of MMSE score and Barthel index.Results The total effective rate of the intervention group was higher than that of the conventional group,there was statistically significant difference (95.24％ vs.75.61％,x2 =8.245,P ＜ 0.01);Before treatment,the MMSE score,Barthel index in the two groups had no significant differences (t =0.372,0.313;P =0.711,0.756).After treatment,the MMSE score,Barthel index of the intervention group improved more significantly compared with the conventional group,the differences were statistically significant(t =7.997,25.530,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The clinical effect of ganglion glycosides in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction with cognitive impairment is accurate,it can effectively reduce the patients'cognitive dysfunction,improve the ability of daily life,it is worthy of promoting.

BACKGROUND: Traditional repair for Achilles tendon rupture has disadvantages of long cast immobilization times, poor outcomes and many complications.OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and efficacy of early isokinetic rehabilitation training for patients after repair of Achilles tendon ruptures.METHODS: A total of 11 patients with Achilles tendon ruptures received treatments at the Department of Orthopedics, East District of Qingdao Municipal Hospital, from September 2007 to September 2009, were included. Nine of them underwent 8-week isokinetic exercises by using lsomed-2000 at 4 weeks after tendon repair. The evaluative indicators included Arner-Lindholm score, the ankle range of motion, and extensor-flexor peak torque.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The follow-up averaged 6 months, ranging from 3 to 12 months. The excellent and good rate of Arner-Lindholm score was 88.9%. The results showed a significant improvement in the ankle range of motion and extensor-flexor peak torque (P < 0.05). There were no infection or re-rupture cases. It is indicated that early isokinetic rehabilitation is safe and effective for patients with Achilles tendon ruptures at 4 weeks postoperatively. It provides evidence for early rehabilitation in patients with Achilles tendon ruptures.

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and the clinical outcome of locally recurrent rectal cancer after radical resection. Methods From April 2000 to April 2004, 105 patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer after radical resection were re-treated in Tianjin cancer hospital. Thirty-four patients were re-treated with surgery combined with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (group 1), 35 with surgery alone (group 2), and 36 with chemoradiotherapy (group 3). The impact of 17 clinicopathological factors and treatment modalities on the survival was analyzed. Results The follow-up rate was 95. 2%. The median survival time was 23 months. The 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates of patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer were 63% ,34% and 19%, respectively. The 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates were 79%, 55% and 32% in group 1 ; 68%, 40% and 14% in group 2; and 64%, 36% and 11% in group 3; respectively (χ~2 =7. 96,P =0. 019). The univariate analysis showed that the degree of differentiation, depth of tumor invasion, number of metastatic lymph nodes, initial TNM stage, recurrent location, time to recurrence, and surgery combined with adjuvant therapy were significant prognostic factors, with the last 4 being the independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy may improve the survival of patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects of early continuous renal replacement thempy(CRRT)for hyperlipoidemia severe acute pancreatitis (HLSAP)patients.Methods 32 HLSAP patients were randomly divided into control group and CRRT treatment group.The levels of serum triglyceride(TG),serum and urine amylase,the APACHEⅡscore,the incidence of mechanical ventilation were compared between the two groups.Results The levels of serum TG was significantly lower in CRRT group than that in the control group in day 3(t =2.885,P =0.003). The APACHE II score,incidence rate of mechanical ventilation,the fatality rate were significantly lower in CRRT group than those in the control group in day 3(χ2 =4.572,t =4.912,χ2 =4.043;P =0.032,0.027,0.044).There were no significant differences between late group than that early group in age,gender,APACHE II score(all P >0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in the levels of amylase in serum and urine in day 3(all P >0.05).Conclusion Early CRRT therapy can eliminate the level of TG in HLSAP patients,may improve the prognosis of HLSAP patients.

Objective To analyze the effects of dexmedetomidine(Dex) on levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods From April 2015 to April 2017,94 patients with acute exacerbations of COPD who received mechanical ventilation in Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College were randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table,with 47 cases in each group. Group A was given Dex,and group B was given midazolam. The levels of TNF - α,IL - 1, hs - CRP between the two groups were compared. Results There were no statistically significant differences in TNF - α,IL - 1,hs - CRP between the two group before treatment (all P > 0. 05). One day after treatment,the levels of TNF - α,IL -1,hs - CRP in group A were (92. 99 ± 15. 25)ng/ L,(68. 63 ± 14. 53)ng/ L,(15. 44 ± 4. 92)mg/ L, respectively,which in group B were (150. 63 ± 20. 78)ng/ L,(91. 13 ± 12. 58)ng/ L,(19. 35 ± 5. 17)mg/ L,respec-tively,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t = 2. 736,2. 503,2. 421,P = 0. 008, 0. 012,0. 015). Three days after treatment,the levels of TNF - α,IL - 1,hs - CRP in group A were (73. 37 ± 11. 01)ng/ L,(51. 52 ± 9. 16) ng/ L, (14. 82 ± 3. 29) mg/ L, respectively, which in group B were (123. 80 ± 19. 62)ng/ L,(73. 46 ± 17. 36) ng/ L, (18. 77 ± 4. 02 ) mg/ L, respectively, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t = 2. 184,2. 354,2. 098,P = 0. 031,0. 022,0. 039). Five days after treatment, the levels of TNF - α,IL - 1,hs - CRP in group A were (63. 54 ± 13. 06)ng/ L,(34. 04 ± 8. 13) ng/ L,(13. 84 ± 4. 13)mg/ L,respectively,which in group B were (76. 63 ±17. 39)ng/ L,(50. 66 ± 9. 17)ng/ L,(14. 27 ± 3. 95)mg/ L, respectively,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups( t = 1. 906,2. 082,1. 834,P =0. 067,0. 041,0. 081). Compared with group B,the ICU time in group A was significantly decreased[(9. 27 ± 1. 63) d vs. (7. 16 ± 1. 21)d,t = 2. 215,P = 0. 031](t = 2. 215,P = 0. 031). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome between the two groups at 5 days after treatment (χ2 =2. 286,P = 0. 132). Conclusion Dex can effectively inhibit inflammation cytokines of the mechanical ventilation COPD patients in acute exacerbation,and can reduce the ICU time.

Objective:To monitor the epidemiological characteristics of viral etiology in children with influenza-like illness and to guide the prevention and management of acute respiratory tract infections in childhood.Methods:Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the outpatient children seeking medical care in Children′s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai for influenza-like illness between January 2015 and December 2018. Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus (Flu), adenovirus (ADV), parainfluenza virus (PIV, type Ⅰ to type Ⅳ) and enterovirus (EV), and the epidemiological data were analyzed. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 2 271 patients with influenza-like illness were enrolled, age range from two months to 182 months old, 1 280 cases(56.4%) were positive for the target respiratory viruses tested on respiratory samples. The detection rates of FluA, FluB, PIV, EV, ADV, RSV were 15.1%(343/2 271), 12.5%(284/2 271), 8.4%(191/2 271), 7.8%(177/2 271), 5.1%(116/2 271) and 6.7%(152/2 271), respectively.The detection rates of influenza virus were statistically different among the age groups ( χ2=39.33, P<0.05), which showed an increasing trend with the increasing ages. The detection rate of RSV was 9.7%(35/361) in infant group from zero to 12 months old, which was higher than other age groups. Usually, FluA had two epidemic peaks during the winter and summer seasons, the epidemics of FluB and RSV peaked during the winter season, and EV and PIV were more prevalent in the summer season. Conclusions:Influenza virus remains the most common viral pathogen responsible for childhood influenza-like illness in Shanghai.Influenza virus has high incidence in winter.Widely influenza vaccination is highly recommended for the effective prevention the influenza outbreaks.Continuous monitoring the epidemic trend of viral respiratory infections is imperative for the prevention and control of diseases.