Objective To determine the optimal injection dose of ozone for the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.Methods A total of 240 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion were randomly and equally divided into four groups,with 60 patients in each group.Under CT guidance intervertebral injection of ozone was performed.The injection dose of ozone(50 ug/ml)used for patients in group A,B,C and D was 10 ml,20 ml,30 ml and 40 ml respectively.Immediately after the procedure CT scanning was made to check the result. A follow-up lasting 6-12 months was carried out.Clinical observation,including the ablation degree of the nucleus puiposus,the therapeutic results and the adverse reactions,was conducted.The results were statistically analyzed and compared among the four groups.Results A significant difference in the therapeutic effect existed between group A(10 ml)and other three groups(P＜0.05),while no significant difference in the therapeutic effect existed among group B(20 ml),group C(30 ml)and group D(40 ml),with P＞0.05.The occurrence of complications was increasing with the injection dose used.Conclusion The optimal injection dose of ozone for the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion is 20 ml.

Objective To investigate the effects of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431.Methods Three small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were constructed targeting the AQP3 and PLD2 genes separately,and transfected into A431 cells using liposomes.Then,fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to find the most efficient siRNAs.Western blot was conducted to detect the protein expression levels of AQP3 and PLD2 in A431 cells after transfection with the selected AQP3-siRNA and PLD2-siRNA.Some A431 cells were divided into five groups:normal control group without any treatment,transfection reagent group treated with the oligofectamine reagent only,negative control group transfected with the negative control siRNA,AQP3-siRNA group transfected with the selected AQP3-siRNA,PLD2-siRNA group transfected with the selected PLD2-siRNA.After additional culture,cell counting kit-8 assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of A431 cells,flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis of A431 cells after annexin V-fluorescein isocyanate/propidium iodide double-staining.Statistical analysis was carried out by the paired t test.Results The transfection with AQP3-siRNA and PLD2-siRNA induced a significant decrease in the mRNA and protein expressions of AQP3 and PLD2 respectively in A431 cells when compared with the untransfected cells.Compared with the negative control group,the proliferation of A431 cells was significantly decelerated at 24,48 and 72 hours after transfection in the AQP3-siRNA group (t =24.10,11.00,9.54,respectively,all P ＜ 0.01) and PLD2-siRNA group (t =30.47,7.02,8.73,respectively,all P ＜ 0.01).A significant increase was observed in the apoptosis of A431 cells at 48 and 72 hours after transfection with AQP3-siRNA (t =11.36,20.91,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),and at 72 hours after transfection with PLD2-siRNA (t =4.86,P ＜ 0.05) compared with the negative control group.Conclusion The down-regulation of AQP3 and PLD2 expressions by siRNA can inhibit the proliferation,but induce the apoptosis,of A431 cells.

Objective To study the bowel-cleansing efficacy, patient security and mucosal injury of low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid regimen. Methods Five hundred patients referred for colonoscopy were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. Group A received low-volume PEG regimen, Group B received sodium phosphate (NaP) regimen for bowel preparation. Patients of the two groups drank solution 5 h before colonoscopies, serum creatinine and electrolyte were monitored at 5 h and 3 h before colonoscopies. The bowel-cleansing efficacy was rated during colonoscopy. All mucosal injuries observed during colonoscopy were biopsied and histopathologically reviewed. Results The patients of group A completed bowel preparation of 233 cases, completed colonoscopy 226 Cases, group B completed bowel preparation 238 cases, completed colonoscopy 210 cases. There was no significant difference in bowel cleansing between the groups (P > 0.05). Group A reported less incidence rate of the mucosal injuries than Group B. Group A reported better patient security than Group B at the same time. Conclusion Compared with sodium phosphate (NaP) regimen low-volume Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) plus ascorbic acid regimen exhibited equivalent bowel-cleansing efficacy and less incidence rate of the mucosal injuries and better patient security.

Objective To assess differential expression profiles of microRNAs(miRNAs) in HaCaT human keratinocytes before and after p53 gene silencing,and to make a functional analysis of target genes.Methods Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) was used to silence p53 gene in HaCaT cells.Total RNA was extracted using Trizol reagent.Then,miRNAs were isolated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and subjected to fluorescent labeling using T4RNA ligase followed by hybridization to a mammalian miRNA chip.Microarrays were scanned by a GenePix 4000B microarray scanner and fluorescence ratios were determined with the GenePix Pro 6.0 software.The TargetScan software was used to predict target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs (＞2-fold difference in expression level),and the top 20 target genes with the highest enrichment score were selected for each miRNA and subjected to functional analysis and pathway analysis through the KEGG signaling database.Results Totally,53 differentially expressed miRNAs,including 12 down-regulated and 41 up-regulated miRNAs,were identified in HaCaT cells after p53 silencing as compared to those before p53 silencing.Of these 53 differentially expressed miRNAs,5 (hsa-miR-141-3p,hsa-miR-15a-5p,hsa-miR-27a-3p,hsa-miR-130b-3p,hsa-miR-19a-3p) showed a more than 200-fold increase in expression,and 4 (hiv1-miR-TAR-3p,hsa-miR-630,hsa-miR-1246,hsa-miR-1275) experienced a more than 4-fold decrease in expression in HaCaT cells after p53 silencing.Functional analysis and pathway analysis revealed that some target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway,metabolic pathways,and tumor invasion.Conclusion Nine miRNAs,including hsa-miR-141-3p,may be involved in p53-mediated molecular regulation.

Objective To assess the effect of low-dose cytarabine and aclarubicin in combination with gran-ulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) protocol (CAG) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML),and to understand the potential factors affecting the outcome of CAG induction therapy, therefore to find the optimum pa-tients for CAG therapy. Methods Twenty-one AML patients were enrolled in the current study. All patients were treated with CAG regimen including cytarabine (10 mg/m~2, subcutaneously, every 12 h, days 1 - 14), lacinomycin (5～7 mg/m~2,intravenously,every day, days 1 -8) ,and G-CSF (200 μg/m~2,subcutaneously, every day,12 h be-fore Ara-C was given) priming. Results The overall complete remission (CR) rate of the 21 AML patients was 66.7% (14/21). The CR rates was 87.5% (7/8) in patients older than 60 yrs,60.0% (9/15) in the refractory or relapsed patients,83.3% (5/6) in the MDS transformed AML patients. The CR rates for patients with hyperprolif-erative BM and median to poor proliferative BM were 33.3% and 91.7% ,respectively(P =0.009). The median o-verall survival (OS) time of the 21 AML patients was 450 days. Two-year survival rate estimated by Kaplan-Meier Method was 30.6%. The overall median disease free survival (DFS) was 165 days. The median OS time for those refractory or relapsed was 435 days. The median OS time for those with poor cytogenetic state or standard or good cytogenetic state was 140 days and 620 days, respectively (P = 0.001). The median OS time for patients with hyperproliferative BM and median to poor proliferative BM was 321 days and 620 days, respectively (P = 0.05). The median recovery time of granulocytes above 1.0×10~9/L was 8 days. The median duration of fever was 3.5 days. The rate of infections exceeding WHO grade Ⅱ was 42.9%. No early death occurred. Conclusions The CAG induction therapy may have a higher CR rate in patients with refractory or relapsed AML, elderly AML and secondary AML from MDS transformation, and extend the median overall survival time in refractory or relapsed patients. CAG therapy can not improve the outcome of patients whose BM was in high grade proliferation state or whose cytogenetic state was poor. CAG therapy can shorten the duration of agranulocytosis and decrease the inci-dence of serious infection. Therefore, CAG therapy is worth recommending to patients who can not endure the rou-tine intensive chemotherapy.

The tumor multidrug resistance reversal effect of NPB304, a novel taxane, was studied. MTT assay was used to determine the IC50 of chemotherapy drugs. Western blotting assay was applied to analyze the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The effect of compounds on the P-gp function and P-gp ATPase activity was determined by rhodamine 123 (Rh123) accumulation assay and analysis kit, respectively. Molecular docking was employed to predict the binding force between compounds and P-gp. Transmembrane transport of NPB304 was analyzed using MDCK II and MDR1-MDCK II cell model. NPB304 displayed multidrug resistance reversal effect on KBV cells and MCF-7/paclitaxel cells, NPB304 collaborative with P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors verapamil enhanced the reversal activity, specifically, 10 μmol x L(-1) verapamil in combination with paclitaxel reversed resistance by 56.5-fold, while combined with NPB304 increased the reversal fold; NPB304 synergistically increased Rh123 accumulation in the resistant cells when combined with verapamil, and NPB304 at 0-1 μmol x L(-1) enhanced the ATPase activity activated by verapamil was observed. NPB304 existed the hydrophobic interactions with the TM regions of P-gp, and the binding force between NPB304 and the A chain of the TM region was stronger. P-gp ATPase activity assay demonstrated NPB304 at lower concentrations (0-1.5 μmol x L(-1)) could activate the P-gp ATPase, playing a role on inhibition of P-gp function. However, NPB304 did not have an obvious feature of P-gp substrate. NPB304 exerted itself and synergy with verapamil activity on reversing tumor resistance via inhibiting the P-gp function.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with FLAG sequential busulfan/cyclophosphamide(Bu/Cy) conditioning regimen for refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Methods: From February 2012 to June 2017, 21 patients with refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia underwent allo-HSCT with FLAG sequential Bu/Cy conditioning regimen. Transplantation-related complications and clinical outcome were retrospectively analyzed. Results: After conditioning, no hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and grade Ⅲ hemorrhagic cystitis occurred. 76.2% (16/21) patients had fever with 4 septicemia. One patient died of septic shock before engraftment. Twenty patients achieved neutrophil engraftment with a median time of 13 days (range, 10 to 21 days). Seventeen patients achieved platelet engraftment with a median time of 18 days (range, 9 to 25 days). The cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was 39.5%, and 3 patients developed grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD. Of 19 patients who survived more than 100 days after transplantation, 4 had local chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Of 21 patients, the median survival time was 15 months (range, 0.5 to 67 months) post-transplantation. Transplantation-related mortality rate was 28.7%. Leukemia relapse occurred in 4 patients with a median time of 4 months (range, 3 to 8 months) after transplantation. The cumulative relapse rate at 1 year was 21.4%. The 1-year and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 60.7% and 54.9% respectively. Log-rank analysis revealed that bone marrow blasts ≥ 20% or extramedullary leukemia before transplantation, poor platelet engraftment and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD were significantly related to shortened OS (P<0.05). Conclusions Allo-HSCT with FLAG sequential Bu/Cy conditioning regimen in patients with refractory/relapsed myeloid leukemia has acceptable transplantation-related risk and relapse rate. The 1-year and 3-year OS rates are comparable with those in remission patients.

Objective:To compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopy and laparotomy for 5-10 cm intermediate-risk gastric stromal tumor, and to evaluate whether there was evident benefits of postoperative adjuvant treatment with imatinib.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 72 patients with moderate risk gastric stromal tumors (5-10 cm in diameter) who received operation in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2010 to July 2020. There were 28 cases in the laparoscopy group and 44 cases in the laparotomy group. The clinical features, pathological data, perioperative results and hospitalization costs were compared between the two groups. The survival rates of postoperative adjuvant therapy with or without imatinib were analyzed and compared.Results:There was no significant difference in clinicopathological features between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidences of postoperative complications in the laparoscopy group and the laparotomy group were 32.1% (9/28) and 52.3% (23/44) respectively, showing no significant difference ( P=0.094). Compared with the laparotomy group, both the hospital stay (12.5±3.2 days VS 15.0±3.5 days, P=0.004) and the median postoperative hospital stay (7.5 days VS 9.0 days, P=0.006) in the laparoscopy group were significantly shorter, and the first exhaust time was significantly shorter ( P=0.003). During the median follow-up period of 58 months (13-129 months), there was no tumor-related death. Two cases died of breast cancer and heart disease in the laparotomy group, and 1 case died irrelevant to gastric stromal tumor in the laparoscopy group. Of the 72 patients, 40 received postoperative imatinib adjuvant therapy, 22 cases (50.0%) in the laparotomy group and 18 cases (64.3%) in the laparoscopy group, with no significant difference in the proportion ( χ2=1.414, P=0.234). There was significant difference in the overall survival rate between the group treated with imatinib and the group without imatinib ( P=0.015). Conclusion:Laparoscopic resection is safe and effective for intermediate-risk gastric stromal tumor of 5-10 cm. Taking imatinib adjuvant treatment does not increase overall survival rate of patients with intermediate-risk gastric stromal tumors (5-10 cm), and there is no tumor-related death, recurrence or metastasis for those who did not accept imatinib adjuvant treatment after R0 resection.

Objective:To compare the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR) and cap-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR-C) in the treatment of small gastric stromal tumors (≤1.5 cm) in the elderly (≥60 years old).Methods:Data of elderly patients with small gastric stromal tumors who received EFR (41 cases) or EFR-C (25 cases) at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from May 2012 to August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinicopathological characteristics, the procedures, intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative efficacy and economic benefits were compared between the two groups.Results:The R0 resection rates of the EFR group and the EFR-C group were 95.1% (39/41) and 100% (25/25), respectively. The operation time [45.0 (32.5, 66.5) min VS 30.0 (20.0, 42.5) min, U=259.500, P=0.001] and resection time [30.0 (20.0, 50.5) min VS 9.0 (6.5, 16.5) min, U=127.000, P<0.001] of the EFR group were significantly longer than those of the EFR-C group. The rate of hot clamp use in the EFR group was higher than that in the EFR-C group [75.6% (31/41) VS 12.0% (3/25), χ ２=25.159, P<0.001]. The postoperative white blood cell count [8.3 (6.6,10.4)×10 9/L VS 6.3 (5.0,7.7) ×10 9/L, U=271.000, P=0.001] and postoperative neutrophil percentage (77.6%±8.8% VS 73.0%±6.8%, t=2.256, P=0.027) in the EFR group were higher than those in the EFR-C group. The postoperative antibiotic day in the EFR group was longer than that in the EFR-C group (2.8±2.0 days VS 1.0±2.0 days, t=3.625, P=0.001). The hospitalization costs in the EFR group were significantly higher than those in the EFR-C group (20 595.0±3 653.3 yuan VS 13 209.0±4 458.9 yuan, t=7.323, P<0.001). There was no recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up period. Conclusion:EFR and EFR-C are safe and effective for the treatment of small gastric stromal tumors in the elderly. Compared with EFR, EFR-C needs shorter operation time and lower medical costs, yields less postoperative inflammation, and is more suitable for the treatment of small gastric stromal tumors in the elderly.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept in the treatment of proliferatived diabetic retinophathy (PDR) complicated with vitreous hemorrhage by minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery.Methods:Prospective clinical study. A total of 50 patients with PDR complicated with vitreous hemorrhage clinically diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital who needed vitrectomy were recruited in this study. According to the principle of informed consent, the patients were divided into two groups: postoperative injection group and the control group. Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients in each group were examined before operation. No significant proliferative changes in the posterior pole and traction retinal detachment were observed. There was significant difference of age between two groups ( t=-24.697, P=0.030), but no significant difference of sex ( χ2=0.330, P=0.564), duration of diabetes ( t=-1.144, P=0.258), logMAR BCVA ( t=-0.148, P=0.883), lens state ( χ2=0.397, P=0.529), panretinal laser photocoagulation ( χ2=1.333, P=0.248). The postoperative injection group was treated with intravitreous injection of 0.05 ml conbercept (10 mg/ml) immediately after 27G minimally invasive vitrectomy. The other treatment and follow-up were the same as those in the postoperative injection group except for conbercept injection. All patients underwent routine slit-lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscope and B-ultrasound examination before operation. The main outcome measure included the time of operation, the incidence rate of iatrogenic retinal holes and silicone oil filling. The recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage, BCVA, intraocular pressure, central retinal thickness (CRT), postoperative complications and progression were recorded 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after operation. Results:At 1 week and 1, 3, 6 months after operation, there was significant difference of logMAR BCVA between the two groups ( t=-4.980, -4.840, -4.892, -5.439; P<0.001). At 3 and 6 months after operation, the recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage in the postoperative injection group was lower than that in the control group, but there was no statistical difference between two groups ( χ2=3.030, 4.153; P=0.192, 0.103). At 1 week and 1, 3, 6 months after operation, the CRT in the postoperative injection group was lower than that in the control group, the difference was significant ( t=-2.622, -2.638, -3.613, -3.037; P=0.012, 0.010, 0.001, 0.004, 0.005). There was no complications such as choroid detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinal detachment, iris redness and neovascular glaucoma in all the eyes after operation. Conclusions:Intravitreal injection of conbercept in the treatment of PDR after operation is safe and effective. It can reduce the recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage after vitrectomy, improve the BCVA.