Objective To survey the Keshan disease conditions and its trend in the historical serious illness areas of the disease in Arong Banner,and to provide epidemiological evidence for scientific prevention and control of Keshan disease.Methods According to the requirements of National Keshan Disease Surveillance Program,two villages in 2 townships of Arong Banner were selected as monitoring sites in 2012,population in monitoring sites was conducted clinical examination and electrocardiogram (ECG) tracings;suspected cases of Keshan disease were conducted chest X ray and ultrasound heartbeat graph examination.At the same time,residents' income and staple food structure were investigated.Results The abnormal rate of ECG was 7.92％ (66/833).The detection rate of cardiac enlargement was 20.00％ (9/45) by chest X ray,in which a slight increase was 8.89％ (4/45),moderate increase was 4.44％ (2/45) and severe increase was 6.67％ (3/45).The detection rate of Keshan disease patients was 132.05/10 000 (11/833),including latent Keshan disease [72.03/10 000 (6/833)] and chronic Keshan disease [60.02/10 000 (5/833)].In the ECG abnormal changes of Keshan disease cases,ST-T change and right bundle branch block were common,accounting for 100.00％ (11/11) and 63.64％ (7/11),respectively;frequent ventricular premature contraction was 2 cases,accounting for 18.18％ (2/11),degree I ° atrioventricular block and complete left bundle branch block was both i case,accounting for 9.09％ (1/11).Annual per capita income in Arong Banner was 8 100 yuan;dweller staple food was rice,flour and other grain crops,rice accounted for 70％-80％,flour 15％-25％ and purchased non-local grain accounted for 95％.Conclusions Keshan disease has been under control at a lower level in Arong Banner,but new latent and chronic Keshan disease occur slowly,gradually and gradually accumulated;life quality and dietary structure have influence on the incidence.In the future,we should pay more attention to Keshan disease and do a good job on prevention and control of Keshan disease.

There is a considerable increase in incidence of proximal humerus fractures.Locking plates are widely applied in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures due to their superior advantages.However,they may still lead to a high incidence of complications,especially in complex proximal humerus fractures.Reconstruction of medial support for a proximal humerus fracture can reduce complications effectively.At present,there is no consensus on the optimal method for medial support.The methods commonly used for medial support as an auxiliary fixation of proximal humerus fracture include screw support,bone transplantation,bone substitute and dual plates,all of which are discussed in this review.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.