Suggestions to the safety protection of high frequency physiotherapy devices are given. The safety protection of high frequency physiotherapy devices are discussed in aspects of the categories of high frequency radiation, harm from high frequency, ultra high frequency and electromagnetic field to human body, etc.

Objective To investigate the roles of Thl7 cells in the immunological pathogenesis of vitiligo. Methods Forty patients with progressive or stable vitiligo and 20 normal human controls were included in this study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the level of serum IL-17, and SYBR Green I real-time RT-PCR to detect the mRNA expression of RORγt in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from these patients. The correlation of the above parameters with disease activity was assessed. Results The levels of serum IL-17 and ROR-yt mRNA in PBMCs were significantly higher in patients with progressive and stable vitiligo than in normal human controls (all P< 0.01). Conclusion Thl7 cells may be closely associated with the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and safety of the intratracheal instillation of sodium nitroprusside for treating persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) .Methods The intratracheal instillation of sodium nitroprusside was used to 19 cases of PPHN under the mechanical ventilation ,and the pulmonary arterial mean pressure(PAMP) ,arterial mean pressure(AMP) ,transcutaneous oxygen saturation(TcSaO2 ) of the right upper and left lower limb at the basic state ,30 ,60 ,120min after intratracheal instillation of sodium nitroprusside were respectively measured and compared .Results Among 19 cases of PPHN ,17 cases had the primary lung disease .Of 17 cases ,14 cases(82 .35% ) had significant decrease of PAMP after intratracheal instillation of sodium nitroprusside ,which was most significant at 30min after therapy and the difference was statistically significant compared with before therapy [(21 .30 ± 4 .200)mm Hg vs .(30 .30 ± 4 .20)mm Hg ,P<0 .05] ,but AMP between before and after therapy had no statistical difference [(56 .00 ± 3 .00)mm Hg vs .(55 .00 ± 6 .00)mm Hg ,P>0 .05] .Conclusion The intratracheal instillation of sodium nitroprusside is the safe ,effective and economic method for treating PPHN .

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect and causes of failure of vitreoretinal(VR) surgery in rbegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with choroidal detachment. METHOD: Reviewing the operative effects of the vitreoretinal surgeries in 61 patients(61 eyes) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment and PVR in this hospital. Vitrectomy, peeling of preretinal membranes, fluid/air echange and inert gas, silicone oil tamponade were used in these patients according to need. RESULTS: On discharge from the hospital, the postoperative effect obtained in 40 case(65.57%), and out of 35 eyes receiving the inert gas tamponade 26(74.3%)got ef fective pesults. Fourteen cases were followed up for 3 months(averge 9.5 months)and 10(7.4%)of them revealed stable. The factors of influencing VR surgery seemed to be the range of the choroidal detachments, number of opreative times, the inert gas tamponede and the time of corticosteroid application. The causes of failure of opreation might relate to severe and anterior PVR, and giant tears. CONCLUSIONS: The VR surgery was thought to be profitable in treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment and PVR.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of ketamine on the minimum alveolar concentration of scvoflurane for blunting adrenergic responses to skin incision (MAC_(BAR)) in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Methods Forty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 30-60 yr undergoing elective abdominal surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=22 each) : control group (group K_0) and ketamine group (group K_1). Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and fentanyl 3 μg/kg. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation (the initial end-tidal concentration 3% ). Ketamine at 14 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) was infused at the same time in group K,. The patients' response to skin incision was described as positive if MAP or HR increased by≥15%. If the response was positive, the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane for the next patient was increased by 0.5%, while if negative, decreased by 0.5% . ResultsThe MAC_(BAR) of scvoflurane was 3.25 % (95 % confidence interval 3.05%-3.45%) in group K_0, and 2.20% (95% confidence interval 1.96%-2.44%) in group K~1. The MAC_(BAR) of sevoflurane was significantly lower in group K~1 than in group K_0 (P<0.05). Conclusion Ketamine infusion at 14 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) can reduce MAC_(BAR) of sevoflurane and enhance the inhibitory effect of sevoflurane on the stress response.

BACKGROUND:With excelent biocompatibility and osteoconduction, calcium phosphate bone cement has been used in clinic, but the poor mechanical properties and lack of osteoinduction restrict its further use. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity of a novel drug-carrying composite of bone cement composed of chitosan microsphere, α-tricalcium phosphate and silk fibroin. METHODS:MC3T3-E1 cels were cultured in vitroin minimum essential medium alpha medium (α-MEM), which was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and 1% streptomycin sulfate, extract of the cement material at concentrations of 100% and 50%, and 6.4 mL/L phenol. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to measure cellproliferation and the cytotoxicity was assessed by the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. The MC3T3-E1 cels culturedin vitro were colected and seeded on the composite cement material, and cellmorphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The extract of composite cement material had no influences on the MC3T3-E1 cellproliferation, showing no obvious cytotoxicity. The scanning electron microscope image showed MC3T3-E1 cels adhered and proliferated wel on the composite cement material composed of chitosan microsphere, α-tricalcium phosphate and silk fibroin, and pseudopodia out of the cels were closely attached to the material surface. In conclusion, the cement composite was proved to have satisfactory cytocompatibility and no obvious cytotoxicity.

Objective To evaluate the influence of the placement of instant hand disinfectant in compliance and qualified rate of hand hygiene of clinicians.Methods Hand hygiene compliance of clinicians in departments of gyne-cology,obstetrics,and general surgery were observed after the placement of instant hand disinfectant at the door-way of wards,hand specimens were taken to check hand hygiene effectiveness.Results Before and after placement of instant hand disinfectant at the doorway of wards of above departments,hand hygiene behaviors of 300 person-times were observed.Hand hygiene compliance rate among clinicians in department of gynecology,obstetrics,and general surgery increased from 32.33% to 74.33%,33.67% to 85.67%,and 26.33% to 64.00%,respectively(all P <0.001).Each department selected 98 hand hygiene specimens,the qualified rate was 98.98%,100.00% and 94.90% respectively.Conclusion The placement of instant hand disinfectant at the doorway of each ward can effec-tively improve clinicians’hand hygiene compliance and hand hygiene effectiveness.

BACKGROUND:Calcium sulfate used in kyphoplasty and vertebrolplasty has good physical and chemical properties, exerts no toxic effects on human body and has the degradation performance. But its main drawback is rapid degradation.
OBJECTIVE:To develop a chitosan microsphere with silk fibroin/calcium sulfate cement to prepare drug carrier system.
METHODS:Chitosan microspheres were prepared by the emulsion method. Scanning electron microscopy, particle size analysis and swel ing rate were used to study the properties of the microspheres. Different silk concentrations (3%, 6%and 9%) and weight rates (0.5%,1%and 5%) of chitosan microspheres were used to determine the best formula which has the strongest mechanical properties. The composition of this composite bone cement was detected by using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When the concentration of silk fibroin was 6%and weight rate of chitosan microspheres was 0.5%, we could obtain the maximum compressive strength, which was (39.17±1.96) MPa. With this composition, the initial setting time was (12.99±1.63) minutes and the final setting time was (21.55±0.54) minutes. The results from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that the main phase composition was calcium sulfate, and silk and chitosan were also included. The composite chitosan microspheres exhibited a slightly wrinkled surface, but were stil intact in spherical shape, indicating the preparation of chitosan microspheres/silk fibroin/calcium sulfate cement was reliable and the product had good structures and properties.

Aim To establish the model of oxidative damage in brain of Parkinsons disease(PD)rats induced by levodopa(L-DOPA)with microdialysis technique.Methods PD model rats were induced by intracerebral injection of 6-hydroxyl dopamine(6-OHDA)and were perfused in brain with L-DOPA by using microdialysis technique.Salicylic acid can capture hydroxyl radicals in brain,then yield 2,3-dihydroxy benzyl acid(2,3-DHBA)and 2,5-dihydroxy benzyl acid(2,5-DHBA).Extracelluler dopamine(DA)and its metabolites,2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA in striatum of rats were measured by HPLC-ED before and after L-DOPA treatment.Results Both 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA in model group were significantly higher than those in control group at 6 and 7 time points respectively(P

Objective To discuss the changes of the S100B protein concentration in serum and cerebral spinal fluid(CSF) after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in rabbit model and their significance.Methods Rabbit SAH model was induced by the cisterna magna puncture and injection two times of autogeneic blood into the cisterna magna.The animals were divided randomly into SAH group,saline group,puncture group and blank group.The serum and CSF were taken in blank group after 3 days' breeding.At 1 h,3 d,5 d,7 d and 10 d after the first infusion,the serum and CSF of the other groups were taken.ELISA method was used to detect S100B protein concentration in serum and CSF.The result data was analyzed by software SPSS13.0.Results S100B protein concentration in serum and CSF of SAH group was much higher than that in the other three groups(P=0).S100B protein concentration in serum ascended from 1 h after SAH,reached the peak at 3～5 d after SAH,and then descended slowly.S100B protein concentration in CSF ascended from 1 h after SAH,then slightly descended,ascended and reached the peak at 5～7 d after SAH,and then descended slowly.S100B protein concentration in serum and CSF of saline group was higher than that in puncture group and blank group from 1 h after model establishment(P