AIM: To explore the effects of ethanol on replication and expression of HBV, so as to effectively guide the anti HBV treatment in clinic. METHODS: 2.2.15 cells were cultured in vitro. Ethanol of different concentrations was added into the supernatant and 3TC was used as the positive control. And there was no drug added in the negative control group. Effect of ethanol on HBV expression and replication was examined and the expression of antiviral gene MxA was also tested. RESULTS: Ethanol promoted the expression of intracellular HBsAg, HBeAg and intracellular HBcAg. But 3TC revealed no significant effect on all of them. Southern blotting showed that ethanol at 200 mmol?L -1 enhance the replication of HBV DNA, but 3TC inhibited the replication of HBV DNA at 2 ?mol?L -1 .Ethanol at 40 mmol?L -1 promoted the expression of MxA, while 3TC at 2 ?mol?L -1 also stimulated the expression of MxA. CONCLUSION: Ethanol can induce the overexpression of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAg, and enhance the expression of antiviral gene MxA which may increase the activity of enzymes of synthetic metabolism. Ethanol can promote replication of HBV DNA, but the mechanism is unclear and need to be studied.

This paper deals with the problems existing in the making of textbooks in our universities in our country,and proposes the solutions and feasible measures to the problems

To investigate whether insulin enhances canine myocardial GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake during ischemia in vivo, physiological parameters of myocardial metabolism were measured with an autoanalyzer, and GLUT4 distribution was assessed by immunoblot analysis and immunofluorescence. The results showed insulin significantly increased ischemic myocardial sarcolemmal GLUT4 content, and it was associated with up regulation of myocardial glucose uptake. Insulin increased coronary arterio venous difference by 4 fold in ischemic region. It suggested that insulin enhances ischemic myocardial GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake. Insulin might contribute to increase myocardial glucose uptake and utilization during ischemia.

Objective To investigate the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation in repairing injured intestinal mucosa of acute pancreatitis.Methods MSCs were harvested and cultured from femurs of male SD rats.Twenty female SD rats were divided into three groups,and serve acute pancratitis (SAP) model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine (2 g/kg) twice.Twelve hours after SAP model established,MSC transplantation group (n=8) were injected MSCs (5 × 106 cell/rat) through tail vein for three days,and SAP group (n=6) were injected the same volume of saline through tail vein as control.Control group (n=6) were only injected the same volume of saline without any treatment.All the rats were sacrificed at 72 hours after model established.The small intestinal tissues were taken for HE staining and pathological score,the TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA expression level in small intestine and pancreas were tested by RT-PCR.Y chromo-some (Sry) gene in pancreatic and intestinal tissue was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The relative expression quantity of TNF-a mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in pancreas was significant higher in SAP group and MSC transplantation group than in control group (7.22 ± 1.99,3.46± 1.75 vs 1.32 ± 1.04 ; 2.71 ± 0.56,1.92 ± 0.28 vs 0.61 ± 0.45 ),the difference was statistically significant (F=18.375,F=22.701; P＜0.05).Compared with SAP group,the expression quantity of TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in pancreas was significantly decreased in MSC transplantation group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The relative expression quantity of TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in small intestine was significantly higher in SAP group and MSC transplantation group than in control group (3.93 ± 1.08,2.13 ± 0.53 vs 0.68 ± 0.42 ; 2.44 ± 1.54,1.02±0.44 vs 0.60±0.14),the difference was statistically significant (F=21.772,F=6.132; P＜0.05).The expression of TNF-αmRNA and IL-1β mRNA in MSC transplantation group was lower than that in SAP group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Compared with SAP group,pathological score indicated that small intestine injure was slighter in MSC transplantation group (3.83±0.28 vs 2.83±0.56),the difference was statistically significant (F=12.013,P＜0.05).Sry gene could be detected in the pancreatic and intestinal tissue of MSC transplantation group.Conclusion Allogeneic MSC transplantation group can inhibit Pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in acute pancreatitis,relieve the intestinal mucosa injury and may involve in the intestinal tissue repair.

Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Logistic Models ; Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo observe the dynamic changes of blood perfusion and hypoxic status by CT perfusion imaging and hypoxia imaging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment with recombinant human endostatin (RHES). MethodsA total 15 patients with NSCLC were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 10) and control group (n = 5). The patients in treatment group continuouly received the treatment with RHES (7.5 mg/m2) by intravenous infusion for ten days, and CT perfusion imaging and hypoxia imaging were performed at day 1, 5 and 10,respectively. The time window' was observed with the blood perfusion status and hypoxic changes.ResultsIn the treatment group, capillary permeability surface (PS) and tumor to normal tissue (T/N) were firstly decreased, and then increased. Their lowest points occurred at about the fifth day. PS showed statistical significance compared with the first day (q1.5 = 12.05, P＜0.01 ) and no significance compared with the tenth day(q10.5 = 2.79, P=0.69), while T/N showed a significant difference between above time points (q1.5 = 73.81, q10.5 = 20.6, P = 0.00).Blood flow (BF) was firstly increased, and then decreased.Its highest point appeared at about the fifth day with statistical significance compared with the first and tenth day (q1.5 = 12.29, q10.5 = 10.48, P＜0.01 ). All the PS,BF and T/N between the fifth day in treatment group and the control group showed statistically significance (all P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The time window of recombinant human endostatin improving blood perfusion and hypoxic status in non-small cell lung cancer is within about one week after administration.

It is now clear that continued stimulation o f the neurohormonal system in heart failure (HF) has serious deleterious effects on the heart. The increase of circulating catecholamines exerts direct toxic ef fect on cardiac myocytes, increases membrane permeability and myocardial fibrosi s; lead to aggravation of HF. β-blockers are commonly used in the treatment of HF including propranolol, metoprolol, bisoprolol, bucindolol and carvedilol. These drugs are used in combination with ACEIs, digitalis and diuretics. Genera lly, the benefits of β-blockade therapy in HF include improving symptoms, decr easing morbidity, mortality, elevating need for hospitalization and quality of l ife. β- blockade therapy arrests and reverts LV remodeling and improves the ri sk of life threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. A few serious adver se effects include hypotension, heart blocks, bradycardia and fluid retention.

Objective: To observe the effects of angina pector is on severe ventricular arrhythmia and QTd in patients with first acute myocard ial infarction(AMI). Methods: One hundred and eight-four cases of first AMI were divided into 2 groups: PA group, angina pectoris occurred with in 24 h before AMI onset (n=58), NPA group, no preceeding angina pectori s occurred (n=126). Occurrence of complications and QTd were investigated du ring hospitalization. Results: The basic clinical characteristic s, coronary risk factors, medication before infarction, treatments after admissi on with antiarrhythmic agents, site of infarction, successful rate of thrombolys is and peak CK, CK-MB were not statistically different. Early QTd in PA group and NPA group were (56.22±18.40) ms vs (84.45±21.90) ms, respectively, P <0.05, late QTd in PA group and NPA group were (50.67± 16.34) ms vs (64.1 8(16.41) ms, respectively, P<0.05. Comparison with NPA group, incidence of severe ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure, cardiogenic shock and rate of car diac mortality in-hospital was lower in PA group. Conclusion: P reinfarction angina pectoris can significantly reduce the incidence of severe ve ntricular arrhythmia and QTd in the patients with first AMI, sugges ting that these favorable effects might be associated with protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on myocardium and ventricular pump function and improv ement of repolarizative asynchronism in ventricular myocardium.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of naftopidil on patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Methods: A prospective, open study was performed in patients with hyp ertension. Forty patients were administered naftopidil for 8 weeks. Results:BP decreased significantly 2 weeks after administration an d reached to its trough at week 4. The magnitudes were 2.28 kPa (17.1 mmHg) and 1.43 kPa (10.7 mmHg) for SBP and DBP, respectively. The effect lasted to the end of experiment. HR had no change.The total effective rate was 82.05%.There was n o significant change in liver and renal function and electrocardiograph. Conclusion: Naftopidil has a stable hypotensive effect and the complia nce is good.

Objective To explore the effect of prevention of hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with hyperhydration, forced diuresis and alkalinizing plus infusion mesna. Methods 32 cases of patients receiving HSCT were included in this study. 2 cases of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) received total body irradiation (TBI)+cyclophosphamide(CTX)(TBI-CTX) regimen,and the remaining 30 patients were using the classic busulfan+CTX (BU+CTX) regimen. All patients were treated with mesna combined with hydration, forced diuresis and alkalization to prevent HC. Ganciclovir and acyclovir were used to prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) and other viral infections and monitor CMV-IgM levels of the blood. Encourage patients to urinate every hour, testing urine pH value and the calculation of urine output, every 6 h review and testing of urine routine,central venous pressure (CVP), each of 8 h of serum electrolytes. Results Only 1 patient at 6 months after transplantation appeared delayed grade Ⅱ HC after hydration, alkalization, diuretic, hemostatic, anti-graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and ganciclovir antiviral therapy. The HC patients cured at 35 d. The remaining patients did not suffer HC. Adverse effects such as acid-base balance disturbance did not appear clear. Conclusion Mesna joint hydration, forced diuresis and alkalization was effective and safe to prevent HC.