Objective The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus in schizophrenia patients were significantly higher than normal people.The study examined the glucose metabolism in first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia. Methods Case-control study was employed.According to the 4th edition of American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 58 first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in our hospital were collected for the study.Brief psychiatric rating scale, Hamilton depressive scale and assessment of abnormal involuntary movement were used to assess the mental state and the degree of illness.Meanwhile, 60 hospitalized Han patients in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University were selected as the control group. Fast plasma glucose (FPG) were detected in the morning on each patient along with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Measure-ments were also made on height, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, as well as WHR and body mass index (BMI). Results No significant difference was found in gender, age, diet habit, activity, BMI and the number of education years between the groups(P>0.05).The average FPG of the patient group was higher than that of the control group(5.29 ±0.83 mmol/L vs 4.37 ±0.54 mmol/L);postprandial 2 hour glucose of the patient group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( 6.89 ±0.98 ) mmol/L vs 5.97 ±0.82 mmol/L, P<0.05).Statistical difference in the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance( IGT) was found between the two groups, 8 paitents in patient group(13.8%), 2 in control group(3.3%) (χ2 =4.25,P<0.05).Patients with normal and ab-normal glucose tolerance showed no difference in mental state and illness degree(P>0.05). Conclusions First-episode, drug-na-ive patients with schizophrenia have more impaired fasting glucose tolerance than normal people.In order to identify and intervene the abnormal glucose metabolism of schizophrenia patients, it is of great importance to measure relation index to glucose metabolism, espe-cially the oral glucose tolerance test.

Objective To report a case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis ( PAM) in Peking Union Medical Col-lege Hospital and to summarize the clinical features and genetic characters .Methods The clinical features , ima-ging results , pathology findings and SLC34 A2 gene mutation was analyzed and reported .Results The patient was a 35 years old male, presenting with cough and sputum for 10 years and worsen with short of breath for 3 weeks. Computed tomography of lung and pathology findings support the diagnose of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis .And a heterozygous mutation c .A910 T in exon 8 of SLE34 A2 gene was discovered through genetic testing .Conclusions Since to the treatment is non-specific in this rare disease , it's significantly important to recognize this disease through early non-specific clinical features but typical imaging findings .And the finding that c .A910 T is more common in Asia population may provide us a potential target for screening and possible genetic engineering therapy .

AIM: To study a method of determing ginsenoside Rg_1 and Rb_1,notoginoside R_1 contents in Xuesaitong Enteric Dripping Pill. METHODS: HPLC was used to determine gingsenoside Rg_1 and Rb_1 notoginse-(noside) R_1 contents. RESULTS: The average recoveries were 100.35% for ginsenoside Rg_1(RSD=1.34%),(102.01%) for ginsenoside Rb_1(RSD=1.48%),100.13% for notoginsenoside R_1(RSD=1.78%),n=6),respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,senstive and precise.It could be used for the determination of ginsenoside Rg_1 and Rb_1,notoginsenoside R_1 contents in Xuesaitong Enteric Dripping Pill.

AIM: To study a method of determining ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1,notoginsenoside R1 contents in Tiaojing Yangyan Capsule(Radix Astragali,Fructus Ligustri Lucidi,etc.). METHODS: HPLC was used to determine ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1,notoginsenoside R1 contents. RESULTS: The average recoveries were 99.03% for ginsenoside Rg1(RSD=1.59%),98.95% for ginsenoside Rb1(RSD=1.40%),99.18% for notoginsenoside R1(RSD=1.97%) respectively n=6. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,sensitive and precise.It can be used for the determination of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1,notoginsenoside R1 in Tiaojing Yangyan Capsule.

AIM: To investigate the effects of fluvas-tatin on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits with hyper-lipidemia. METHODS: 30 rabbits which were gastric perfusion administered intralipid were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n - 10 in each) : IR ( ischemia-reperfusion) group, S (sham-operation) group and F (fluvastatin 10 mg?kg-1 ) group. Electrocardiography and cardiac function were recorded during the experiment. At the end of reperfusion, ischemic area and infarct size were defined by Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression of ICAM-1 in myocardium was measuredby RT-PCR. RESULTS: After ischemia-reperfusion, the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial and infarct size decreased and cardiac function significantly improved in F group compared with IR group. CONCLUSION: The increase of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial may be one of the important factors in inducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The myocardial protective mechanism of fluvastatin maybe attribute to its effect on decreasing the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial .

Rhubarb is a traditional Chinese medicines which possess laxative, lipid-lowering, and weight-loss activities, but the active compounds of lipid-lowering and underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet clear. This study aims to explore the effects of chrysophanol on the mRNA expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) and lipid metabolism in human liver carcinoma Huh-7 cells, which is one of the active compounds obtained from Rhubarb. A reporter gene assay was used to test the transcription of SREBP. The intracellular triglyceride and total cholesterol contents were measured by using commercially available test kits. The SREBPs target genes expressions were measured by Quantitative Real-Time PCR. Cell viability was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8. As the results shown, chrysophanol (40 μmol · L(-1), 16 h) could notably inhibited human SRE promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner and decrease intracellular cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of SREBPs target genes were significantly downregulated by chrysophanol treatment. However there are no significant differences on cell viability when compared with the control group. These results suggested that chrysophanol might improve lipid metabolism through suppressing the mRNA expressions of SREBPs target genes to attenuate intracellular lipid accumulation.

AIM:To investigate the specific anti-tumor effects of mature dendritic cells ( DCs) transfected with amplified mucin 1 ( MUC1) mRNA in vitro.METHODS:DCs separated and purified from the peripheral blood mononu-clear cells were induced in vitro and then identified by flow cytometry .pcDNA3.1(+)-MUC1 plasmid was constructed and was able to transcribe MUC1 mRNA in vitro.The MUC1 mRNA was transfected into DCs by electroporation .MUC1-trans-fected DCs were used to induce T cells to be cytotoxic T-lymphocytes .Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to assess MUC1 mRNA expression in transfected DCs .The proliferation of T cells was examined by MTT assay .The proportion of CD8 +cells in the T cells was determined by flow cytometry and the specific cytotoxicity was measured by LDH assay .The secretion of IFN-γwas detected by ELISA .RESULTS: The marker gene expression in the DCs transfected with MUC 1 mRNA was significantly increased compared with control group , peaking at 24 h.The transfection group showed the higher capacity to stimulate the proliferation of T cells compared with control group when the ratio of DCs to T cells was 1∶10.The proportion of CD8 +cells in transfection group was higher than that in control group .The lethal effect of special cytotoxic T-lymphocytes on target cells in transfection group was stronger than that in control group .The level of IFN-γin the cell su-pernatant of transfection group was higher than that in control group .CONCLUSION:DCs plus MUC1 mRNA by electri-cal transfection induces specific anti-tumor effects , which provides an experiment evidence of using MUC 1 as a target for immunotherapeutic strategy against non-small cell lung cancer .

Objective To assess the vitro susceptibility to 6 antimicrobial agents and genotypes of clinical isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) from Guangzhou region. Methods Ct was isolated from clinical specimens by using McCoy cell culture and subjected to propagation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 6 antimicrobial agents (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, ofloxacin) against Ct isolates were determined in McCoy cell culture. Nested PCR was performed to amplify the outer membrane protein 1 (omp1) VS1-2 gene followed by sequencing. Results Seventy-six Ct strains were isolated from 346 urogenital specimens, and 40 strains met the require ments for susceptibility testing after serial propagation. The MIC50/MIC90 of clarithromycin, azithromycin, roxi thromycin, doxycycline, tetracycline and ofloxacin were as follows: 0.008/0.032, 0.080/0.160, 0.125/0.500, 0.032/0.064, 0.250/0.500 and 0.500/1.000 mg/L. Seven genotypes were observed. The most prevalent geno types in decreasing order were E (14, 35%), J (10, 25%)and F (6, 15%). The MIC50 was consistent for azithromycin among the 7 genotypes, but varied by 1 - 4 folds for doxycycline, ofloxacin and roxithromycin. Conclusions Clarithromycin, doxycycline and azithromycin exhibit an excellent activity against Ct, and the activity of azithromycin is consistent among the 7 genotypes of Ct.

BACKGROUND:Studies have reported that the superfamily of transforming growth factors exert a role in the mineralization of various stem cells, but the combination effects of transforming growth factorβ3 and heparin on proliferation and mineralization ability of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth remains to be studied. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of transforming growth factorβ3 on odontoblast-like differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. METHODS:Human deciduous teeth were col ected using enzyme digestion. The 3rd cells were incubated with 25μg/L recombinant human transforming growth factorβ3, 10 U/mL heparin or their combination. The dentin sialophosphoprotein mRNA and dentinsialoprotein expressions were detected by Q-PCR and western blot assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity was determined using alkaline phosphatase kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth grew wel after induction. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the transforming growth factorβ3, heparin and control groups (P<0.01). After combination induction, the cells were strongly positive for alizarin red staining. Results fromα-PCR and western blot assay showed that the expressions of dentin sialophosphoprotein were both remarkably increased at mRNA and protein levels. In summary, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells under the induction of transforming growth factorβ3 plus heparin.