Objective To study the related factors of leukoaraiosis (LA). Methods 480 elderly patients examined with cranial CT or MRI were investigated retrospectively. A single-factor and multi-Logistic regression analysis were performed. A rank correlation analysis was performed between the severity of LA and age as well as the course of hypertension. Results The prevalence of LA was 35%. The age (t=3.243，P=0.0013) and the incidence of hypertension (χ2=9.8941，P=0.0017) were higher in LA group than in non-LA group, the incidence of diabetic were lower (χ2=4.4193，P=0.0355). The age (OR=1.06，95%CI：1.027～1.103，P=0.0006), hypertension (OR=1.15，95% CI：1.065～1.236，P=0.0003), and diabetes (OR=0.85，95% CI：0.726～0.994，P=0.0421) were correlated with LA. Neither age (r=0.1553，χ2=4.9701，P=0.5477) nor the course of hypertension (r=-0.0758，χ2=1.9076，P=0.7527） were correlated with the severity of LA. Conclusion The age and hypertension was independent risk factors for LA, but the severity of LA was not correlated with age or course of hypertension.

Objective:To analyze the immune function regulation and clinical effect of dust mite drops desensitization treatment on children with allergic rhinitis.Methods:80 patients with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy treated in our department from January 2012 to June 2014 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group.Control group was treated with ebastine and levocabastine treatment, the experimental group was treated with sublingual containing Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops on the basis of control group.The level of IL-2,IL-6,house dust mite specific IgE (sIgE),dust mite IgE (T-IgE),house dust mite specific IgG4 ( sIgE in) ,blood addicted eosinophile cells ( EOS) ,and induced sputum EOS level were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 2 years treatment.Results:The level of IL-2 in the two groups was significantly higher than that before treatment,the level of IL-6 was significantly lower than that before treatment ( P<0.05 ) .After treatment, the level of IL-2 in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the level of IL-6 was significantly lower than that in the control group( P<0.05 ).After treatment, the level of sIgE, T-IgE, blood EOS and induced sputum EOS in the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment,the level of sIgG4 were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05).After the treatment,the level of sIgE, T-IgE, blood EOS and induced sputum EOS in experimental group were significantly lower than control group,and the level of sIgG4 was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05).After treatment,the asthma symptom scores and nasal symptom scores of the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05),and those index of experimental group after treatment were significantly lower than control group ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: Combine the basis of conventional therapy plus with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy children can effectively regulate the immune function of the patients,has good clinical efficacy.

Objective To establish a method for determining the content of ceram ide in skin epidermis. Methods Epidermal lipids of mice were extracted by routin e method,separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC),and shot by BIO-RAD Ge lDoc system. Epidermal ceramide content was determined by Software of Quantity O ne. Results A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.416～2.08 ?g (r=0.9 95 3). The precision of the same plate was good,RSD=1.09 %;and the precision of different plates was also good,RSD= 2.10 %. The stability of control soluti on and sample solution was good within 2 h. The reproducibility was good,RSD= 3 .03 %,and the mean recovery rate was 99.58 %and RSD=1.46 %. The RSD of simpl e determination was 3.10 %. Conclusion This method can be used to determine the content of ceramide in skin epidermis.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the affordability of essential medicines in public health and medical institutions of Shanghai Qingpu district after the implementation of the national essential medicines,and provide the basis for subsequent formula-tion and improvement of relevant policies. METHODS:Based on the WHO/HAI standardized approach,a survey on the affordabili-ty of 30 essential medicines was conducted in public health and medical institutions of Shanghai Qingpu district in aspects of equip-ping staffing,drug availability and the relativity in different levels of public health and institutions for investigation and evaluation. RESULTS:The equipping rate of 30 essential medicines in Shanghai Qingpu District varied from 53.33%-86.67%,while the date of original drugs varied from 16.67%-53.33%,the equipping rate in secondary and tertiary hospitals was high. The availability of 30 essential medicines with Approved Drug Names in secondary and tertiary hospitals (77.78%) was generally higher than that in community health service center(63.00%),while the availability of original drugs was relatively low. The essential medicines with more than 50% relativity in community health service center and tertiary hospitals were only 6 kinds of drugs. CONCLUSIONS:The equipping rate and availability of essential medicines in primary health and medical institutions are lower than that of second-ary and tertiary hospitals in Qingpu district,as well as the relativity. It is suggested to further improve equipping policy for essential medicines from the relativity to improve match rate of production place;while further study and improvement for generic drugs from bioequivalence to improve its bioequivalence with original drugs and ensure clinical efficacy.

lusionsThe CEUS findings are different between benign and malignant gallbladder adenomas. The enhancement pattern and speed are useful for differentiating benign from malignant adenomas.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Yiqi Huatan prescription in the treatment of patients with systolic hypertension ( qi -deficiency and phlegm type ) .Methods 120 patients with systolic hypertension (qi-deficiency and phlegm type) were selected,and they were randomly divided into observation group and control groupaccording to randomized,double-blind method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group received conventional western medicine treatment , the observation group was given compound Qima capsule combined with conventional western medicine .After treatment , the treatment effect was evaluated , and the levels of inflammatory factors were observed.Results The total effective rate between the two groups had no statistically significant difference (χ2 =0.565,P>0.05).The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the observation group after treatment were (129.77 ±5.56)mmHg,(79.48 ±4.83)mmHg,respectively,which were significantly lower than before treat-ment [(171.15 ±18.81)mmHg,(94.42 ±8.71)mmHg] and those in the control group after treatment [(135.48 ± 7.81)mmHg,(83.81 ±5.29)mmHg] ( t=6.223,8.936,12.365,8.114,all P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CRP,IL-6,TNF -in the observation group were (3.07 ±0.28) mg/L,(0.08 ±0.04) ng/L and (5.08 ± 1.03)ng/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than before treatment [(5.24 ±0.49) mg/L,(0.22 ± 0.05)ng/L,(9.42 ±2.49)ng/L,t=6.248,9.246,8.335,5.234,5.012,6.214,all P<0.05] and those in the control group after treatment [(4.18 ±0.19)mg/L,(0.12 ±0.05)ng/L,(6.11 ±2.07)ng/L,t=9.246,5.112, 5.012,all P<0.05].Conclusion Yiqi Huatan prescription in the treatment of systolic hypertension of qi -deficiency and phlegm type can achieve good therapeutic effect , the mechanism may be related with reducing inflammatory factors.

Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Epidemiology

OBJECTIVE: Explore the model of universal NICU newborns' hearing screening in high-risk neonates, preliminary understanding factor of hearing damage. METHOD: Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and automatic auditory brainstem response (AABR) were used to detect newborns' hearing in 13 315 objects, that is newborns' hearing screening in NICU with TEOAE test who not pass, 42 days after will use AABR rescreening. Children's Hearing Center of Guangxi Child Health Hospital will diagnose the newborns that did not pass in 3 months. RESULT: In these 13 315 newborns, 5 151 subjects who did not pass the initial screening, 1910 subjects who also did not pass after 42 days, 1167 subjects cannot pass the rescreening after 3 months, 642 subjects were diagnosed congenital hearing impairment by Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential Test, the rate is 4.82%. CONCLUSION TEOAE and AABR are the suitable model of universal newborns' hearing screening in high-risk neonates.
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Male ; Neonatal Screening

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and activation of p50 subunit of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kappaB) in mucosa of seasonal allergic rhinitis. METHOD: The expression of p50 subunit of NF-kappaB in the mucosa from 16 patients (6 patients with symptom, 10 patients without symptom)and 10 normal subjects were detected by immunohistochemistry. The activation of DNA-binding proteins which was labeled with 32P-radiolabeled oligonucleotide probe for NF-kappaB was detected with electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSA) in mucosa. RESULT: The expression of p50 subunit of NF-kappaB was observed in the nasal mucosa of SAR and normal samples. The expression of p50 subunit of NF-kappaB was positive in the cytoplasm and some nuclei of the mucosal epithelia, inflammatory cells, glandular epithelia, and vascular endothelia in nasal mucosa. The Rate of nucleus positive staining of p50 was (41.83 +/- 4.43)% and(37.19 +/- 3.93)% in SAR with symptom and SAR without symptom patients,respectively. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The Rate of nucleus positive staining of p50 in nasal mucosa of normal samples was (8.89 +/- 1.32)%. The difference of p50 subunit of NF-kappaB expression between SAR group and normal group was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The DNA-binding proteins activity of samples from patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis was stronger than that in normal subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION p50 subunit of NF-kappaB was activated in healthy nasal mucosa to some extent. The expression and DNA-binding proteins activity of p50 subunit of NF-kappaB was enhanced in seasonal allergic rhinitis. It indicated that p50 subunit of NF-kappaB may be involved in nasal mucosa physiological function and may have an important role in maintaining the chronic inflammation in seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; metabolism

Objective To understand the molecular epidemiology of norovirus from 5 outbreaks of gastroenteritis during Dec.2012 to Jan.2013 in Guangzhou.Methods Epidemiologic data and specimens were collected from 5 gastroenteritis outbreaks in Guangzhou.274 specimens were detected for norovirus by RT-PCR methods and PCR products were sequenced.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed by using Clustal X 1.83 and MEGA 5.05 programs.Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0 program.Results The total positive rate of norovirus was 20.07％ (55/274).The positive rate was 8.70％ (2/23) in University A,36.36％ (8/22) in Kindergarten B,36.07％ (22/61) in University C,100％ (5/5) in community health service center D,11.04％ (18/163) in University E.The positive rate was 100％ (6/6) among age group ≥ 60 years old,47.37％ (9/19) among 10-19 age group and 36.36％ (8/22) among age group ＜ 10 years old.Phylogenetic analysis showed that 33 samples were infected by the new variant-Sydney 2012 of norovirus GⅡ.4.Conclusion Norovirus was one of the main pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis outbreaks and GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 variant was identified as the predominant strain in Guangzhou.