Objective To investigate the usage of antibacterial drug in the department of operation in our hospital for improving the management and proper clinical utilization.Methods 1366 operational cases from our hospital were randomly collected from June 2004 to June 2005 and a comprehensive analysis of the usage of antibacterial drugs was conducted.Results All of the cases were given antibacterial drugs.The rate of preventive usage was 89.0%,among which those given in the period in 1h before operating was only 30.6%,and the other's was given after operating.The therapy time of antibacterial drugs were ranged from 1 to 63 days in different case and the preventive usage were 1 to 16 days.The therapy time of surpass 3 days was 94.7% and surpass 7 days was 53.5% in preventive usage.Prescriptions of more than one kind drug was widespread very much and 2～3 kinds were 87.5%.The wide-table,new-style and high-efficiency antibacterial drugs were the most frequently used in prescription.Conclusions The use of the antibacterial drugs in operational case in our hospital has some problem,especially in scope,opportunity moment,therapy time and union of usage.The management and education about rational usage of antibacterial drugs must be strengthened in order to improve the level of rationality in the clinical application.