Object To study the chemical constituents from the fruits of Juniperus formosana Hayata. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified on liquid-liquid, silica gel, and aluminium oxide column chromatography, their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods, such as GC-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR, especially 2D-NMR. Results Two new oxygenated diterpenoids, named labdatriene (Ⅰ) and labdadiene (Ⅱ), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract. Their structures were determined to be 19-carboxy-8(17)-13(16)-14-labdatriene and 15, 19-dihydroxyl-8(17)-13(E)-labdadiene, respectively. Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ are new diterpenoids.

AIM　To study the chemical constituents from the mycelia of Hypomyces sp. METHODS Silica gel column chromatography was employed for the isolation and purification. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. RESULTS and CONCLUSION　A new perylenequinone, named hypomycin B 1, was isolated from the mycelia of Hypomyces sp.

Object To study the chemical constituents in the mycelia of Hypomyces sp Methods The mycelia were extracted with acetone and the chemical constituents of the extract were isolated and purified on silica gel column Chemical and spectral methods were used to determine the structures of the isolated compounds Results Five compounds were obtained and identified as: hypocrellin A (Ⅰ),hypocrellin C (Ⅱ), elsinochrome C (Ⅲ), 1 phenazinecarboxylic acid (Ⅳ), and 1,8 dihydroxy 9,10 anthraquinone (Ⅴ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅱ～Ⅴ were obtained from the mycelia of Hypomyces sp for the first time

BACKGROUND:With the increasing of aging, the incidence and mortality of osteoporotic hip fracture wil rise. It is of great significance to study the pathogenesis and preventing method. At present, finite element analysis can be used to judge fracture, only for the distribution trend of fracture failure in the starting point or section view, but it cannot completely reflect actual situation of fracture. OBJECTIVE:To build the fracture model of the femoral neck fracture caused by fal ing-induced external force based on the finite element analysis LS-DYNA software, and to evaluate the effect of rupture. METHODS:CT image data of one case of elderly femoral neck fracture were col ected. Using Mimics software, region growth of the contralateral area, cavity fil ing, editing, rebuilding the contralateral proximal femur model were conducted. Data were imported in Hypermesh and LS-DYNA software for meshing, and defining material properties. The failure parameters and interfacial properties were set. The load and force boundary constraints simulating the fal ing were simulated. The model of femoral neck fracture was calculated. Rupture effect was evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The validity of contralateral proximal femur three-dimensional model was verified. Based on the finite element analysis software LS-DYNA, the femoral neck fracture model matched the actual fracture line to a degree of close to 83%. (2) Above results confirmed that based on the finite element analysis, LS-DYNA software can wel simulate the femoral neck fracture, which provides experimental basis to the exploration of femoral neck fracture classification mechanism caused by different fal ing-induced external forces.

Objective To analyze the feasibility of body surface electrodes instead of multipair esophageal electrodes for the evaluation of neural respiratory drive in patients with COPD. Methods Diaphragm electromyo-gram(EMG)from body surface electrodes and multipair esophageal electrodes,was recorded in 29 patients with stable COPD recruited from outpatient clinic. Changes of neural respiratory drive of two kinds of electrodes during resting and maximal isocapnic ventilation (MIV) were observed before and after inhalation of bronchodilators. Results Ventilation significantly improved ,RMS-sur and RMS-eso significantly decreased after the inhalation of bronchodilators during resting and MIV. RMS-sur and RMS-eso were significantly correlated(r=0.660,P<0.01). Conclusion EMG from the surface electrodes may be a useful and noninvasive technique to evaluate neural respi-ratory drive in patients with COPD.

BACKGROUND:Medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy is an effective procedure for preserving the knee joint in patients with medial compartmental osteoarthritis.Previous studies have demonstrated that the forgotten joint score provides a lower ceiling effect and consistency of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy outcomes compared to traditional assessment tools. OBJECTIVE:To identify predictive factors associated with the occurrence of a forgotten joint after medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy. METHODS:117 patients with medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy who were treated at First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were selected,including 35 males and 82 females,with an average age of 61 years.They were followed up for at least 2 years.Patients were divided into a forgotten joint group(n=28)and a non-forgotten joint group(n=89)by evaluating whether they achieved forgotten joint after surgery.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with preoperative patient characteristics and surgery-related factors as potential predictors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There were significant differences in the proximal medial tibial angle between the two groups before surgery(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the forgotten joint score,Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score,knee society knee score,function score,and patients joint perception between the two groups after surgery(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the hip-knee-ankle angle and the medial proximal tibial angle after operation(P<0.05).(2)Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the medial proximal tibial angle had a significant influence on the forgotten joint before operation[OR=0.755,95%CI(0.635-0.897),P<0.001].There were significant effects on the forgotten joint of hip-knee-ankle angle and medial proximal tibial angle[OR=1.546,95%CI(1.242-1.924),P<0.001;OR=0.815,95%CI(0.713-0.931),P=0.003].(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative K-L grade 1 was a favorable factor for obtaining forgotten joints.Preoperative medial proximal tibial angle and postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle were independent predictors of forgetting joints,and they had a curvilinear relationship with the probability of achieving forgetting joints.When preoperative medial proximal tibial angle increased by 1°,the probability of achieving a forgotten joint decreased by 27.7%[OR=0.723,95%CI(0.593-0.882),P<0.001].Conversely,when postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle increased by 1°,the probability of achieving a forgotten joint increased by 46.4%[OR=1.464,95%CI(1.153-1.860),P=0.002].(4)The results showed that patients with preoperative knee osteoarthritis K-L grade 1,small medial proximal tibial angle(<85.5°),and large postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle(>176.0°)were predictors of forgotten joint.

BACKGROUND: Obtaining synovial fluid for diagnostic test of periprosthetic joint infection is invasive and painful to patients. Platelet count is a regular blood test which has been used as a possible predictor of several infectious diseases. Presumably, it could be one of the indicators of periprosthetic joint infection. OBJECTIVE: To identify the accuracies of platelet combined with white blood cell, erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. METHODS: Patients undergoing revision arthroplasty from March 2013 to December 2018 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were retrospectively enrolled. A diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection was confirmed in 77 patients according to the criterions from the Musculoskeletal Infection Society; the remaining 137 patients were confirmed as aseptic cases. White blood cell, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or C-reactive protein and platelet count were compared between the two groups. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The platelet values were significantly increased in periprosthetic joint infection cases. Sensitivity and specificity of the platelet for periprosthetic joint infection were 64.94％ and 86.13％, respectively. Platelet demonstrated a higher accuracy when compared to erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. In such cases, the platelet shows a certain reference value in confirming the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. Platelet was enough used as adjunct diagnostic tool in patients suspected with periprosthetic joint infection.

Objective:To explore the expression level of miR-769-3p in bladder cancer tissues, and observe the effect of silencing miR-769-3p on the migration ability and cell cycle of J82 cells by down-regulating the expression level of miR-769-3p in bladder cancer J82 cells.Methods:The OncomiR database was used to analyze the expression differences of miR-769-3p in bladder cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. J82 cells were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent and divided into si-miR-769-3p group (transfected with miR-769-3p small molecule interference fragments) and control group (transfected with meaningless sequences). quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the relative expression level of miR-769-3p after transfection. The cell scratch test and flow cytometry were used to compare the migration ability and cell cycle differences between the two groups of J82 cells. The bioinformatics software MicroRNAdb was used to predict the target gene of miR-769-3p. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the complementary binding of miR-769-3p to the target gene. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of miR-769-3p target gene. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and t-test was used for comparison between two groups. Results:The expression of miR-769-3p was significantly increased in bladder cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The relative expression of miR-769-3p in the si-miR-769-3p group (1.02 ± 0.16) was significantly lower than that of the control group (4.50 ± 0.60), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The cell migration rate of the si-miR-769-3p group [(26.67±3.98)%] was significantly lower than that of the control group [(61.86±4.70)%], the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The proportion of cells in the G 0-G 1 phase in the si-miR-769-3p group [(57.66±5.74)%] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(31.26±3.24)%], the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that endothelin 3 ( EDN3) was the target gene of miR-769-3p. The relative expression of EDN3 mRNA in J82 cells in control group and si-miR-769-3p group was 1.99 ± 0.66 and 6.98 ± 0.76, compared with the control group, the EDN3 mRNA relative expression level of the si-miR-769-3p group was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Low expression of miR-769-3p can inhibit the migration of bladder cancer J82 cells and block the J82 cell cycle by promoting the expression of EDN3 gene.