An analysis of the characteristics of the facial fractures in children was performed in this paper by investigating the cases of the facial fractures in children.In the study,86 cases of facial fractures in children under 12 years from January 2000 to June 2008 were reviewed,who were treated by the Fourth Military Medical University. The information included the age,gender,time distribution of jury,type of fracture, nerve injury, and associated systemic injuries. The youngest age was 13 months, the ratio of male to female was 2.19∶ 1. The majority of fractures were occurred in summer. The most cases were caused by the traffic accidents, and the mandible fractures were higher than others. The number of conservative treatment were higher than operation,78% cases of condyle fractures were treated conservative, the operation of maxilla and zygomatic arch fracture were less than 50%. The males were higher than the females according to the facial fracture in children.Traffic accident was the main risk factor of condylar fracture. The mandibular fractures were occurred frequently and treated normally by conservative method.

Objective: To investigate the distraction osteogenesis technique in correction of severe retro-maxillary deformity following the repair of cleft palate. Methods:10 patients were included in the study. Orthodontic treatment was used as a regular procedure before operation. Distraction osteogenesis technique was used to correct the deformity and malocclusion. 4 of patients applied with the external distractor and others with internal distractor. Latency period was 7 days. Distraction rhythm is 0.8~1 mm/d,2~4 times/d. Consolidation period was 8~12 weeks. Orthognathic surgery was done after distraction finished when necessary. Results:The treatment process was smooth and no severe complication occurred. The maximum of distraction distance is 22 mm, and the minimum of distraction distance was 15 mm. No malunion or ununion occurred in all 10 patients. All the patients were satisfied with the results. Conclusion:Distraction osteogenesis is more suitable for correction of severe retro-maxillary deformity following the repair of cleft palate. Bone transplantation is unnecessary during the operation process with easier handling and lower risk.

Objective:To establish an animal model in goats for curved mandibular regeneration by distraction osteogenesis(DO).Methods:Four goats were used.Internally installed curved mandibular distractors were activated 6 days after mandibular osteotomy on the mandibular angles or mandibular symphyses at a rate of l mm/d for 25~34 days.The mandibles were examined by roentgenography.Results:The arched defects of the mandibles in the 4 goats were reconstructed by regenerated bone by the end of DO.Conclusion:Internally installed curved distractor may be used for osteogenesis in the repaire of the arched mandibular defects.

Objective:To design a new elastic implant-distraction apparatus. Methods:The implant-distraction apparatus consists of tow units, a TiNi shape memory alloy spring and an implant, made of pure titanium TA2.Spring was put into the hollow implant.After horizontal osteotomy, the implant-distraction device was placed into the partial edentulous area of mandible of 6 dogs to distract the alveolar bone.Results: The apparatus was manufactured.It could implement continual autodistraction and kept stable in the in vivo experiment. 10 weeks after application of the apparatus the transport bone segment was vertically augmented by 4.7 mm on average.Conclusion: The implant-distraction device is functional in distraction osteogenesis.

Objective To analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial injuries resulted in different causes. Methods A retrospective review was done of patients admitted to the Stomatology Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University from January, 1996 to July, 2003. Data was grouped by different causes. Results 1 188 patients were reviewed, the majority of victims caused by different causes were males, the ratio of male and female is 3.34∶1. Most industrial and sport injury occurred in men. Traffic accidents were the major cause of the midface fracture and mandibular fracture. While violence was the major cause of pure soft injure and alveolar bone fracture. Conclusions Traffic accidents and violence were the major causes of facial injury. The facial injury caused by traffic accidents, industrial accidents and fall was more serious than those caused by other causes. More emphasis should be put on the prevention and treatment of these injuries to minimize the maxillofacial malformation.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional X-ray inspection taking passive protection mode, this paper combines the automatic control technology, puts forward a kind of active protection X-ray equipment. The device of automatic detection of patients receiving X-ray irradiation part, intelligent adjustment in patients and shooting device between automatic tracking radiation protection device height. The device has the advantages of automatic adjustment, anti-radiation device, reduce the height of non-irradiated area X-ray radiation and improve the work efficiency. Testing by the professional organization, the device can decrease more than 90% of X-ray dose for patients with non-irradiated area.
Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Protection ; instrumentation ; methods ; X-Rays

Objective To assess the efficacy of combining vestibular rehabilitation with cognitive behavioral therapy in treating chronic subjective dizziness ( CSD) and the associated anxiety. Methods A total of 98 anxious CSD patients were randomly divided into an experimental group ( n=50) and a control group ( n=48) . All of the pa-tients′scores on the Hamilton anxiety scale ( HAMA) were no less than 14 and their scores on the Hamilton depres-sion scale ( HAMD) were less than 18. Systematic vestibular rehabilitation was given to the patients in the control group, while this was combined with cognitive behavioral therapy for the patients in the experimental group. All pa-tients were evaluated using a dizziness handicap inventory ( DHI) and the HAMA before treatment and in the 4th and 8th week of the treatment. Results Before the treatment there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in any of the assessments. After 3 weeks of treatment, the average HAMA score, DHI total score and its factor scores had decreased significantly. Four weeks later, the average HAMA score, DHI total score and its factor scores for som-atization, emotion and function had improved significantly in both groups compared with before treatment and the scores after 3 weeks. After 3 and 7 weeks of treatment, the average HAMA score, DHI total score and its factor scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion Cognitive behavioral therapy amplifies the effects of vestibular rehabilitation in treating persons with CSD, in part by significantly relieving their anxiety.

Objective To observe the effects of estradiol-17? (E 2-17?) on the induction of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT). Methods Ten-week old female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX). EAT of Wistar rats was induced by immunization with thyroglobulin (Tg) from SD rats in the presence of complete Freund′s adjuvant. Thyroiditis was pathologically evaluated by HE staining. E 2-17? and PRL levels were measured by RIA, anti-Tg antibody (TgAb) was detected by ELISA, and interferon (IFN)-?, interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA in thyroid were assayed by RT-PCR. Results The serum level of E 2-17? (17.60?1.02)pmol/L and PRL (2.45?0.15)?g/L were much lower in OVX rats than intact rats 〔(58.56?6.99)pmol/L and (3.22?0.17)?g/L, respectively〕 (both P

BACKGROUND:Cervical Open-door laminoplasty with unilateral mass screw fixation and laminectomy with bilateral mass screw fixation are both procedures that treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy by expanding the space available for the spinal cord. Effectiveness and safety of two operative methods remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biocompatibility of implant and host between open-door laminoplasty with unilateral mass screw fixation and laminectomy with bilateral mass screw fixation to treat multi-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy. METHODS: Data of 117 patients with multi-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy (≥ 3 segments) were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-five cases underwent open-door laminoplasty with unilateral mass screw fixation (laminoplasty group). Fifty-two cases underwent laminectomy with bilateral mass screw fixation (laminectomy group). Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system and by recovery rate. Cervical curvature index and cervical range of motion were assessed by X-ray films in both groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The average folow-up time was 28 months (range 12-59 months) in both groups. No C5 nerve root palsy occurred in the two groups. Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were greater during final folow-up than pre-fixation in both groups (P < 0.01). No significant difference in Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, recovery rate, and final folow-up cervical curvature index was detected in both groups (P > 0.05). Cervical range of motion was lower during final folow-up than pre-fixation in both groups (P < 0.01). Results confirmed that open-door laminoplasty with unilateral mass screw fixation and laminectomy with bilateral mass screw fixation have similar effectiveness in the improvement of neurological function, relieving pain and reducing complications, but wil greatly reduce the cervical range of motion.

Objective To investigate the relation between microembolic signals (MES) and vertebral basilar artery ste?nosis in patients with brainstem infarction. Methods A total of 156 patients with acute brainstem infarction, who were de?termined the cerebral infarction lesion and vertebral basilar artery stenosis by cranial magnetic resonance imaging and CT an?giography, and were monitored by transcranial Doppler via occipital window of basilar arterial MES monitoring in 7 days of the onset, were divided into microembolus signal negative group (n=136) and positive group (n=20). The clinical data were compared between two groups. The differences of different degrees of stenosis were analyzed in two groups. The differences of different locations of stenosis in patients with vertebral basilar artery stenosis were analyzed in two groups. Logistic regres?sion analysis was used to analyse the factors affecting MES. Results There were no significant differences in age, gender, history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus between the two groups (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the dif?ferent degrees of stenosis between two groups, no or mild stenosis was found in MES-negative group and severe stenosis in MES-positive group (P<0.05). There were 70 cases with no vertebral basilar artery stenosis, 86 cases with mild, moderate and severe stenosis, in which 14 cases were MES-positive and 72 cases were negative. There were significant differences in different locations of stenosis between the two groups. The proportion of multiple infarctions was significantly higher in MES-positive group than that of MES-negative group (P<0.05). The intracranial vertebral basilar artery stenosis and 75%of ver?tebral basilar artery stenosis were the independent risk factors of MES-positive. Conclusion Severe stenosis of the verte?bral basilar artery is more vulnerable to occur MES of posterior circulation, leading to cerebral infarction. Microemboli may be the cause of multiple infarctions in patients with vertebral basilar artery stenosis.