Objective To investigate the preventive effects of lidocaine administered through different routes on cardiovascular stress responses during anesthesia tracheal intubation. Methods Total 120 patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups: intravenous injection group （group IV）, throat spray group （group LJ）, and control group （group CT）, with 40 patients in each. Group IV received 50 mg of lidocaine via intravenous injection 1 minute before tracheal intubation. Group LJ received 50 mg of lidocaine sprayed into the pharyngeal cavity, glottis, and subglottic area. Group CT did not receive any treatment, and the remaining procedures were performed following the routine general anesthesia induction protocol. Heart rate （HR）, systolic blood pressure （SBP）, diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, and mean arterial pressure （MAP） were recorded at four time points: T₀ （before tracheal intubation）, T₁ （immediately after tracheal intubation）, T₂ （3 minutes after intubation）, and T₃ （5 minutes after intubation）. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results There were no significant differences in HR at various time points within the group LJ. The changes in HR in the group IV and group CT were different statistically from those in the throat spray group. The blood pressure of patients in all three groups increased to varying degrees immediately after tracheal intubation, with the group CT showing particularly significant changes that differed significantly from both the group IV and the group LJ. The group LJ rapidly returned to levels close to those before intubation. Conclusion The preventive effects of lidocaine on stress responses during tracheal intubation were different depending on the route of administration. The inhibitory preventive effect of the throat spray method was superior to that of intravenous lidocaine, especially in preventing changes in heart rate.

The prevalence of periodontitis in China is as high as 74.2%, making it the leading cause of tooth loss in adults and severely impacting both oral and overall health. The treatment of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration are global challenges of significant concern. GE Shaohua' s group at School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University has focused on the key scientific issue of "remodeling the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment and optimizing tissue repair and regeneration". They have elucidated the mechanisms underlying the persistence of periodontitis, developed bioactive materials to enhance stem cell regenerative properties, and constructed a series of guided tissue regeneration barrier membranes to promote periodontal tissue repair, leading to the establishment of a comprehensive technology system for the treatment of periodontitis. Specific achievements and progress include: (1) Elucidating the mechanism by which key periodontal pathogens evade antimicrobial autophagy, leading to inflammatory damage; developing intelligent antimicrobial hydrogels and nanosystems, and creating metal-polyphenol network microsphere capsules to reshape the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment; (2) Explaining the mechanisms by which nanomaterial structures and electroactive interfaces regulate stem cell behavior, developing optimized nanostructures and electroactive biomaterials, thereby effectively enhancing the regenerative repair capabilities of stem cells; (3) Creating a series of biphasic heterogeneous barrier membranes, refining guided tissue regeneration and in situ tissue engineering techniques, stimulating the body' s intrinsic repair potential, and synergistically promoting the structural regeneration and functional reconstruction of periodontal tissues. The research outcomes of the group have innovated the fundamental theories of periodontal tissue regeneration, broken through foreign technological barriers and patent blockades, established a cascade repair strategy for periodontal regeneration, and enhanced China' s core competitiveness in the field of periodontal tissue regeneration.
Humans ; Stem Cells/physiology* ; Periodontitis/therapy* ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal/methods* ; Regeneration ; Biocompatible Materials ; Tissue Engineering/methods*

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Objective: To investigate the effects of usnic acid(UA) on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy of lung cancer cells A549 and NCI-H358. Methods: The CCK-8 method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of UA on two kinds of lung cancer cells proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle arrest effect of UA on two types of lung cancer cells. The fluorescence amount of UA-induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) in two kinds of lung cancer cells were detected by DCFH-DA probe assay and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis related proteins Bax, Caspase-3, Cleaved-Caspase-3, and autophagy related proteins LC3-Ⅰ and LC3-Ⅱ in two types of lung cancer cells after treatment with UA and UA+ROS inhibition. Results: (1) Usnic acid reduced the survival rates of two types of cells and had a stronger ability to inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells than NCI-H358 cells.(2) Usnic acid blocked A549 cells in the G0/G1phase, while NCI-H358 cells in the G2/M and S phases.(3) Usnic acid induced an increase in ROS content in two types of cells. Compared to A549, NCI-H358 cells showed a greater increase in ROS, and the ROS inhibitor reduced the intracellular ROS increase induced by UA.(4) Usnic acid induced high expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 and increased the ratio of autophagy-related proteins LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in both lung adenocarcinoma cells, and its pro-apoptotic and autophagic effects were stronger in A549 than in NCI-H358. After ROS inhibition, the expression levels of Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 and the LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio of both lung adenocarcinoma cells decreased, and the decrease was greater in NCI-H358 cells. Conclusion Usnic acid inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer A549 and NCI-H358 cells, induces cell cycle arrest, and induces apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. The inhibitory and killing effect of UA on A549 cells is stronger than that on NCI-H358 cells. In this case, the induced cell ROS are involved in the action of UA in two types of lung cancer cells. In contrast to A549 cells,ROS might play a more significant role in mediating the apoptosis and autophagy induced by usnic acid in NCI-H358 cells.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the bias risk and applicability of short-term mortality risk prediction models within 30 days after stroke, providing a basis for selecting or developing standardized risk prediction models.Methods:Research on short-term mortality risk prediction models within 30 days after stroke was electronically retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biomedical Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and CINAHL. The search period was from database establishment to December 5, 2023. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and quality evaluation.Results:Twelve studies were included, and a total of 31 models were internally validated, with 7 models undergoing external validation based on internal validation. 26 models reported discriminative power, and 18 models reported calibration methods. The most frequent predictors of modeling were age, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes and admission Glasgow Coma Scale score. Due to methodological problems such as insufficient sample size, improper handling of missing variables, and inadequate reporting of modeling information, all included studies were rated as high risk of bias.Conclusions:The research on short-term mortality risk prediction models for stroke patients is still in the development stage. Although it has good applicability, the risk of bias is relatively high. Future research should be designed and reported based on prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST) and transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD) to avoid common problems summarized in this study and reduce the risk of bias.

Objective To investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of Chuan Xiong Rhizoma(CR)on brain metastasis of melanoma B16F10 cells in mice.Methods C57BL/6J mouse models of brain metastasis of melanoma were established by ultrasound-guided intraventricular injection of Luc-labeled B16F10 cells,and brain tumor growth was monitored by in vivo imaging.The mouse models were then randomized for daily gavage of saline or aqueous extract of CR(equivalent crude drug concentration of 1 mg/g).Behavioral tests were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of CR in the tumor-bearing mice,and the changes in proteins associated with blood-brain barrier integrity,neuronal cell proliferation and apoptosis,and microglial cell apoptosis and activation were observed using immunofluorescence assay.The efficacy of CR combined with temozolomide(25 mg/kg)against brain metastases of B16F10 cells was observed by in vivo imaging.Results CR-treated mouse models did not show obvious progression of brain metastases and had a reduced rate of body weight loss and lowered protein expressions of ZO-1,claudin-5,occludin,P-gp,TNF-α,AQP4 and PDGFRβ.In the behavioral tests,the CR-treated mice showed prolonged stay on the wooden stick with a shortened time of sticky stick removal.Immunofluorescence assay showed increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of neuronal cells and microglia in CR-treated mice.CR treatment significantly increased the levels of CD86,CD206,IL-4 and IL-10 and decreased the levels of CD163 and IL-1β in the microenvironment of brain metastases.The mice receiving combined treatments with CR and temozolomide showed significantly lower intensity of fluorescent signals in the brain than those treated with temozolomide alone.Conclusion CR does not promote brain metastasis of melanoma while inducing opening of the blood-brain barrier,and its combined use with TMZ results in enhanced inhibition against brain metastasis of melanoma B16F10 cells in mice.

Objective This study aims to compare and analyze three types of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)and explore their application value and existing problems in the field of stomatology in the Chinese context.Methods A total of 36 questions were designed,covering all the professional areas of stomatology.The questions encompassed various aspects including medical records,professional knowledge,and translation and editing.These questions were submitted to ChatGPT4-turbo,Gemini(2024.2)and ERNIE Bot 4.0.After obtaining the answers,a blinded evaluation was conducted by three experienced oral medicine physicians using a four-point Likert scale.The value of GAI in vari-ous application scenarios was evaluated.Results Gemi-ni scored 45,ERNIE Bot scored 38,and ChatGPT scored 33 for clinical documentation and image production.For research assistance,Gemini achieved 45,ERNIE Bot had 39,and ChatGPT scored 35.Teaching assistance capabilities were rated at 54 for ERNIE Bot,50 for Gemini,and 48 for ChatGPT.In patient consultation and guidance,Gemini scored 78,ERNIE Bot scored 59,and ChatGPT scored 48.Over-all,the total scores were 218,190,and 164 for Gemini,ERNIE Bot,and ChatGPT,respectively.Among GAI applica-tions,the top scoring categories were article translation and polishing(26),patient-doctor communication documentation(23),and popular science content creation(23).The lowest scoring categories were literature search and reporting(13)and image generation(12).Conclusion In the Chinese context,the application value of GAI is the highest for Gemini,followed by ERNIE Bot and ChatGPT.GAI shows significant value in translation,patient-doctor communication,and popular science writing.However,its value in literature search,reporting,and image generation remains limited.

Objective To investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of Chuan Xiong Rhizoma(CR)on brain metastasis of melanoma B16F10 cells in mice.Methods C57BL/6J mouse models of brain metastasis of melanoma were established by ultrasound-guided intraventricular injection of Luc-labeled B16F10 cells,and brain tumor growth was monitored by in vivo imaging.The mouse models were then randomized for daily gavage of saline or aqueous extract of CR(equivalent crude drug concentration of 1 mg/g).Behavioral tests were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of CR in the tumor-bearing mice,and the changes in proteins associated with blood-brain barrier integrity,neuronal cell proliferation and apoptosis,and microglial cell apoptosis and activation were observed using immunofluorescence assay.The efficacy of CR combined with temozolomide(25 mg/kg)against brain metastases of B16F10 cells was observed by in vivo imaging.Results CR-treated mouse models did not show obvious progression of brain metastases and had a reduced rate of body weight loss and lowered protein expressions of ZO-1,claudin-5,occludin,P-gp,TNF-α,AQP4 and PDGFRβ.In the behavioral tests,the CR-treated mice showed prolonged stay on the wooden stick with a shortened time of sticky stick removal.Immunofluorescence assay showed increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of neuronal cells and microglia in CR-treated mice.CR treatment significantly increased the levels of CD86,CD206,IL-4 and IL-10 and decreased the levels of CD163 and IL-1β in the microenvironment of brain metastases.The mice receiving combined treatments with CR and temozolomide showed significantly lower intensity of fluorescent signals in the brain than those treated with temozolomide alone.Conclusion CR does not promote brain metastasis of melanoma while inducing opening of the blood-brain barrier,and its combined use with TMZ results in enhanced inhibition against brain metastasis of melanoma B16F10 cells in mice.

Objective To understand the epidemic status of biological stings on an island and the knowledge about environmental emergencies of personnel stationed on the island.Methods With convenience sampling,we investigated 270 personnel using a self-designed anonymous questionnaire based on clinical treatment situation and on-the-spot investigation of the island.Results A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed,and 254 valid questionnaires were returned,with an effective rate of 94.07％.A total of 164(64.57％)personnel had a history of stings,with median times of 2(0,5).The main clinical symptoms were local swelling and pain(142 cases,86.59％)and pruritus(110 cases,67.07％).The personnel scored 14(11,17)for the first aid knowledge about island environmental emergencies(the full score was 26).The vast majority of personnel(227 cases,89.37％)believed that it was necessary to learn the knowledge about island environmental emergencies,and the majority of personnel(186 cases,73.23％)hoped to learn through centralized teaching.Conclusion The environmental emergencies represented by biological stings are becoming increasingly serious,so it is necessary to carry out multiple prevention and environmental control measures,and to carry out regular and long-term training for personnel stationed on islands.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of research on the self-advocacy of adult cancer patients to identify their self-advocacy needs, behaviors, strengths and weaknesses, so as to provide guidance for future research in this field.Methods:Using the scoping review guidelines of Joanna Briggs Institute in Australia as a methodological framework, relevant literatures were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, CINAHL, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from establishment of the databases to December 2023, and the results were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, and self-advocacy needs included six types of needs, such as symptom management, communication, interpersonal support, disease information, decision-making and emotional management. Self-advocacy included four aspects, including seeking information, self-decision-making, strengthening contact with the outside world and effective communication.Conclusions:Adult cancer patients have diverse types of self-advocacy needs and certain self-advocacy behaviors. Future research should pay attention to self-advocacy needs assessment, develop corresponding tools, focus on self-advocacy behaviors, leverage the advantages of self-advocacy and explore strategies to achieve effective self-advocacy support.