Medical staff's recognization of medical model will make important influence to the whole medical undertakings. The anthor has survevyed some medical staff who are from two triple hospitals,six second hospitals and eight grass-roos hospitals in Shanghai district, about modern medical model.Through analynzing and discussing,the anthor proposed some positive countermeasures to improve medical staff's conciouness of modern medical medel and adapt to its tranformation.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and risk factors associated with regional lymph node metastasis in colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 79 patients with colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm were retrospectively analyzed. The risk factors of regional lymph node metastasis were evaluated by multifactor Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of regional lymph node metastasis was 30.4% (24/79), among which para-intestinal lymph node metastasis was in 14 cases, mesenteric lymph node metastasis in 6 cases, and mesenteric root central lymph node metastasis in 4 cases. No patient was found to have skip metastasis and mesenteric root distant lymph node metastasis. The single factor analysis results showed that the tumor diameter, ulceration in mucous membrane, depth of invasion, pathological grading and invasion of lymphatic vessel were associated with regional lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (P<0.05). The multifactor Logistic regression analysis results showed that the tumor diameter, pathological grading and invasion of lymphatic vessel were was associated with regional lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (P<0.05). Conclusions The colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm patients with larger tumor diameter, G2 and G3 of pathological grading and invasion of lymphatic vessel have higher incidence of regional lymph node metastasis; the mesenteric lymph node and para-intestinal lymph node should be paid special attention to in radical resection.

Purpose To prepare streptavidin-tagged mouse interleukin-4(mIL-4-SA)bifunctional fusion protein and to study on its bioactivity.Methods The mIL-4 gene was cloned by RT-PCR and cloned into pET21 vector to get mIL-4-SA-pET21 expression plasmid.The mIL-4-SA fusion protein was expressed in BL21 (DE3)host bacteria and purified through the Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and refolded by dilution and dialysis.The effect of mIL-4-SA fusion protein on mouse thymocytes proliferation was evaluated by MTY.Flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect the mIL-4-SA fusion protein on the biotinylated B16F10 tumor cells.Results The mIL-4-SA-pET21 vector was successful by constructed and the mIL-4-SA fusion protein was expressed in BL21(DE3)at about 35%of total bacterial proteins.The purity of mIL-4-SA Was about 95% through Ni-NTA.The mIL-4-SA fusion protein exhibited bifunctional activities,i.e.,stimulative effect for mouse thymocyte proliferation and SA-mediated high-affinity binding to biotinylated cell surfaces(anchoring modified rate Was about 96.69%).Conclusion The mIL-4-SA fusion protein was expected to be developed for the treatment of tumors.

Neuron is the basic unit of the biological neural system. The Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is one of the most realistic neuron models on the electrophysiological characteristic description of neuron. Hardware implementation of neuron could provide new research ideas to clinical treatment of spinal cord injury, bionics and artificial intelligence. Based on the HH model neuron and the DSP Builder technology, in the present study, a single HH model neuron hardware implementation was completed in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The neuron implemented in FPGA was stimulated by different types of current, the action potential response characteristics were analyzed, and the correlation coefficient between numerical simulation result and hardware implementation result were calculated. The results showed that neuronal action potential response of FPGA was highly consistent with numerical simulation result. This work lays the foundation for hardware implementation of neural network.
Action Potentials ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Neurons ; cytology ; Synaptic Transmission

AIM: To observe the effect of microRNA-16 (miR-16) on the megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells, and to explore the potential mechanism.METHODS:miR-16 was over-expressed or silenced by transfection with miR-16 mimics or inhibitor in K562 cells.The level of miR-16 was detected by real-time PCR.The expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61, as megakaryocytic differentiation markers, was detected by flow cytometry.The effect of miR-16 on the expression of myeloblastosis oncogene ( MYB) was measured by Western blotting, and flow cytometry was performed to confirm whether the effect of miR-16 on expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61 was mediated by MYB.RESULTS:Transfection with miR-16 mimics dramatically elevated the level of miR-16 and the expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61 in the K562 cells.Transfection with miR-16 inhibitor decreased the level of miR-16 and the expression of CD41, CD42b and CD61 in the K562 cells (P<0.05).The expression of MYB was regulated by miR-16, and MYB silencing reversed the regulation of CD41, CD42b and CD61 induced by miR-16.CONCLUSION:miR-16 regulates the megakaryocytic dif-ferentiation of K562 cells by targeting MYB.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus vaginal intracavitary irradiation,neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone and vaginal intracavitary irradiation alone followed by radical hysterectomy in patients with stage Ⅰ b2 and Ⅱ a2 bulkly cervical carcinoma.Methods Between January 2000 and December 2009,224 patients with stage Ⅰ b2 and Ⅱ a2 bulkly cervical carcinoma ( tumor diameter ＞ 4 cm) received neoadjuvant therapy combined surgery in Cancer Hospital,Peking Union Medical College,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were respectively analyzed,and they were divided into 3 groups according to the preoperative neoadjuvant therapy,the neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined vaginal intracavitary irradiation group (chemotherapy combined irradiation group,n =86 ),the neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone group ( chemotherapy group,n =48 ),the vaginal intracavitary irradiation alone group ( irradiation group,n =90).The efficacy,postoperative risk factors,postoperative adjuvant therapy and survival were compared among the 3 groups.Results Among the chemotherapy combined irradiation group,chemotherapy group and irradiation group,the response rate (RR) were respectively 62％ (53/86),42％(20/48) and 37％ ( 33/90 ),and there was significant difference ( P =0.003 ).The comparison of deep stromal invasion,lymph node metastases,lympho-vascular space involvement(LVSI) and other risk factors among the 3 groups,which showed that there were no statistically significant differences ( P ＞ 0.05 ).In chemotherapy combined irradiation group,the percentage of stromal invasion ≥ 1/2 was lower than that in chemotherapy group [ 53％ ( 46/86 ) vs.73％ ( 35/48 ),P =0.027 ],and the percentage of lymph node metastases was significantly lower than irradiation group [ 17％ ( 15/86)vs.29％ (26/90),P =0.046],and the risk factors-free rate was significantly higher than chemotherapy group [ 44％ (38/86)vs.25％ ( 12/48 ),P =0.028 ].Among the chemotherapy combined irradiation group,chemotherapy group and irradiation group,the percentage of postoperative radiation therapy were respectively 47％ (40/86),67％ (32/48)and 62％ (56/90),and the differences were statistically significant (P =0.035).The five-year disease free survival (DFS) was 79％,75％ and 78％,respectively.The five-year overall survival (OS) was respectively 81％,78％ and 81％ among 3 groups,and there were no statistically significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).Among 224 patients,the five-year DFS of the patients with 0,1 and ≥ 2 risk factors after surgery were 90％,75％ and 57％,and OS were 95％,82％ and 65％,and there were no statistically significant differences( P ＜ 0.01,respectively).Of patients without postoperative risk factors,the five-year OS in those without receiving postoperative radiation therapy was 96％,while 89％ in received postoperative radiation therapy patients,there were no statistically significant differences ( P =0.263 ).Conclusion There are no differences of DFS and OS among the neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined vaginal intracavitary irradiation group,the neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone group and the vaginal intracavitary irradiation alone group patients with stage Ⅰ b2 and Ⅱ a2.Patients without risk factors after neoadjuvant therapies have better prognosis.

Purpose To investigate the expression of Beclin1, LC3 and mTOR in colorectal cancer ( CRC) and their significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time PCR were employed to detect the expression of Beclin1, LC3 and mTOR in CRC. Results The positive expression rate of Beclin1, LC3 and mTOR in 242 cases of CRC was 90. 50%, 87. 19% and 46. 28%, respectively, which were higher than that in adjacent tissues ( P<0. 05 ) . Moreover, the expression of LC3 in moderately and poorly differentiated CRC was higher than that in well differentiated CRC, and the positive rate of LC3 in CRC with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in CRC without lymph node metastasis. The overexpression of mTOR was related to lymph node metasta-sis (P<0. 05), but both differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis were not associated with Beclin1 (P>0. 05). The expres-sion of LC3 was positively correlated with Beclin1 and negatively correlated with mTOR in colorectal cancer (rs =0. 593, P<0. 01, rs= -0. 165, P<0. 01), and the expression of Beclin1 was not associated with mTOR (P>0. 05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis re-vealed that the five-year survival rate of patients without nodal metastasis, positive expression of Beclin1, LC3 and negative expression of mTOR was higher than those with nodal metastasis, negative expression of Beclin1 and LC3, and positive expression of mTOR. Cox survival analysis results revealed that LC3, mTOR and lymphnode metastasis were independent prognostic factors. The results of IHC, real-time PCR and Western blot in fresh CRC tissues indicated that the expression of Beclin1, LC3 and mTOR in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (P<0. 05). Conclusions The aberrant expression of Beclin1, LC3 and mTOR may be associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer. The simultaneous detection of Beclin1, LC3 and mTOR genes in colorectal cancer may be helpful for the evaluation of the progressive degree and the judgment of prognosis.

Objective To explore the expression of Speckle-type POZ protein-like(SPOPL)in human glioma tis?sues and its relationship with clinical pathological parameters and prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemical and west?ern blotting method were used to detect SPOPL expression in glioma tissues and tumor peripheral tissues in 68 cases of glioma patients including 32 cases of low grade gliomas (WHO I- II), and 36 cases of high grade gliomas (WHO III-IV). T test,χ2 test, Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox regression model were used to analyze the relationship between the expression and clinical indicators. Results The expression of SPOPL was significantly lower in gliomas than in tumor pe?ripheral tissues (t=-8.754, P<0.05), the expression of SPOPL was lower in high pathological grade tissues than in low grade of glioma tissues (t=-13.552, P<0.05). SPOPL expression was associated with pathological grade ( χ2=4.023, P<0.05). Cox regression model showed that the tumor pathological grade and different SPOPL protein expression were inde?pendent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with glioma. Conclusions SPOPL may be a biomarkers of human brain gliomas and can help to evaluate the prognosis of brain glioma.

Objective: To investigate the value of positron emission tomography/computerized tomography(PET/CT) with fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose(18FDG) for gastric carcinoma.Methods: Thirty-two patients(25 males,7 females,aged 31-82 years) suspected of gastric carcinoma underwent whole-body PET/CT after taking in 600 ml of water to distend the gastral cavity.The maximal standard uptake value(SUVmax) of the region of interest(ROI) in PET and the maximum width of the gastric wall in CT were analyzed.Pathological specimens were obtained from all the patients during surgery or gastroscopy.Results: 18FDG PET/CT found gastric carcinoma in 24 of the patients.The rates of positive and negative prediction and the accuracy of PET/CT in the diagnosis of the disease were 92.3%,100% and 93.8%.SUVmax was positively correlated with the maximum width of the gastric wall,but they exhibited no statistically significant differences between the patients with involved lymph nodes and those without.Based on the PET/CT findings,the 24 gastric carcinoma patients were clinically classified as follows: 9 in stage Ⅰ,1 in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ,3 in stage Ⅱ,1 in stage Ⅲ and 10 in stage Ⅳ.Conclusion: 18FDG PET/CT is highly valuable for gastric carcinoma in its diagnosis,the evaluation of its biological behavior and determination of its treatment strategies.

Objective:To investigate hemodynamic characteristics of the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) with the preservation or ligation of ductus arteriosus (DA) based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), thus to help preoperative surgery design and postoperative prediction.Methods:A patient with pulmonary atresia and patent ductus arteriosus was included. Patient-specific three-dimensional model was reconstructed and virtual surgeries of shunt insertion and ductus ligation or preservation were performed via computer-aided design (CAD). CFD was utilized to analyze hemodynamic parameters preoperatively and postoperatively based on patient-specific anatomy and physiologic data.Results:The preservation of DA competitively reduced the shunt flow but increased total pulmonary perfusion. The shunt flow and ductal flow collided with each other, causing large and complicated turbulence in pulmonary artery where lower wall shear stress and higher oscillatory shear index were distributed, as well as higher energy loss.Conclusion:The preservation of DA is riskier in hemodynamics which may lead to pulmonary over-perfusion, inadequate systemic perfusion and heavier cardiac burden, thus increasing the risk of heart failure and it seems to bring no benefit in terms of reducing risks of thrombosis.