Objective To examine the effect of family environment and family function on suicide behavior in schizophrenic patients.Methods 53 schizophrenic patients with suicidal behavior in the last month were selected for the schizophrenic suicide group.53 schizophrenic patients and 53 normal controls matched with the schizophrenic suicide group were selected for the schizophrenic no suicide group and normal control group.All of them completed family environment scale and family assessment device.Results The cohesion factor,the expressiveness factor,the active-recreational orientation factor and the control factor of family environment scale in the schizophrenic suicide group were significant lower than those in the schizophrenic without suicide group(separately 5.70 ± 1.29 vs 6.62± 1.23,4.77 ± 1.49 vs 5.96 ± 1.11,3.94 ± 1.63 vs 5.68 ± 1.98,2.68 ± 1.68 vs 4.40 ± 1.81,P＜ 0.05),but the conflict factor in the schizophrenic suicide group was higher than in the schizophrenic without suicide group(3.55 ± 1.60 vs 2.81 ± 1.52,P ＜ 0.05).The affective responsiveness factor,the affective involvement factor and the behavior control factor of family assessment device in the schizophrenic suicide group were significant lower than those in the schizophrenic without suicide group(separately 16.05 ± 2.57 vs 14.53 ± 3.38,19.13 ± 4.09 vs 16.58 ± 2.82,23.35 ± 3.52 vs 21.60 ± 3.25,P ＜ 0.05).Multiple liner regression analyses showed that the expressiveness factor,the active-recreational orientation factor,the control factor,the affective involvement factor and the behavior control factor were important factors for schizophrenic suicide(F=21.583,P=0.000,adjusted R 2 =0.519).Conclusion Attempted suicide patients with schizophrenia have some deficiencies at family function and family environment.

AIM: To establish a quick,accurate,sensitive method for analysis of theophylline,prednisone acetate and dexamethasone acetate illegally added into traditional Chinese medicinal preparation for antitussive and antiasthmastics by UPLC-MS. METHODS: The UPLC-MS/MS method was used.Electrospay ionization(ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive and negative ion mode.Theophylline,prednisone acetate and dexamethasone acetate illegally added into traditional Chinese medicinal preparations were identified. RESULTS: Both theophylline and prednisone acetate were found in formulations. CONCLUSION: The method is selective and sensitive and can be used to detect the theophylline,prednisone acetate and dexamethasone acetate illegally added into traditional Chinese medicinal preparations.

Objective To summarize the experience of laparoscopic operation in the treatment of ovarian cysts. Methods Clinical data of 386 patients with ovarian cysts treated laparoscopically from July 1999 to December 2004 in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Laparoscopic operation was successfully performed in 384 cases, while a conversion to open surgery was required in 2 cases because of previous operation history or pelvic adhesions. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 20.6 ml (range, 10~60 ml) and the mean operating time, 55 min (range, 20~140 min).The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3 days(range,2~5 days).In a follow-up for 1~60 months (mean, 24 months) in 194 cases, pelvioscopy and B-ultrasonography examinations revealed normal findings. Conclusions Laparoscopic operation for ovarian cysts is an effective and safe method. It is characterized with minimal invasion, quick recovery and short hospitalization.

Objective To explore the relationship of autoantibodies against G protein coupled angiotensin Ⅱ-1 receptor (AT1 R),α1-adrenergic and β1-adrenergic receptors (α1 R and β1 R) with thyrotoxicosis heart disease (THD).Methods The epitopes of the second extracellular loop ofAT1 R (165-191),α1 R (192-218),and β1 R(197-222) were synthesized for screening autoantibodies from 277 participants by ELISA.237 patients with thyrotoxicosis were subdivided into thyrotoxicosis treatment group (n =148) and thyrotoxicosis recovery group (n =89),or into THD group (n =46) and simple hyperthyroidism group (n =191).40 healthy subjects were served as control group.Results (1) The positive rates of autoantibodies against AT1 R,α1 R and β1 R in thyrotoxicosis patients were higher than those in the control subjects (31.6％ vs 12.5％,27.8％ vs 10.0％,and 23.6％ vs 7.5％,all P＜0.05).The positive rates of the three autoantibodies in the patients with Graves' disease were higher compared with thyrotoxicosis caused by other reasons (36.3％ vs 19.7％,32.2％ vs 16.7％,and 28.1％ vs 12.1％,all P＜0.05).(2) In thyrotoxicosis treatment group,the positive rates of autoantibodies against AT1 R and α1 R were higher than those in the hyperthyroidism recovery group (40.5％ vs 16.9％ and 33.1％ vs 19.1％,both P＜0.05).(3) The incidence of autoantibodies against AT1 R and α1 R in THD were significantly higher compared with simple hyperthyroidism (52.2％ vs 26.7％ and 43.5％ vs 24.1％,both P＜0.05).Conclusions Autoantibodies against AT1 R,α1 R,and β1 R may play important roles in the pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism,which may be involved in the progression of THD.

Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Books ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature

Objective:To determine the differences of age, eruption sequence and gender of permanent teeth in children and adolescents in Xi'an, China. Methods:Cross-sectional data on permanent teeth eruption were collected from children aged 3~15 in pre-school, primary and secondary school. The subjects were drawn by multistage random sampling from the school registers. There were 6 712 subjects involved in present survey, including 3 604 boys and 3 108 girls. The data were subjected to probit regression analysis. Results:The median age of tooth eruption in girls was earlier than that in boys. Although the range of years during which the permanent teeth erupted was similar in both sexes, i.e. 6~12 years, the sequence of the tooth eruption was differed. All mandibular teeth, with the exception of first and second premolars in both males and females, tended to erupt earlier than their maxillary counterparts. Conclusion:The findings seem to be different from earlier studies done in the other parts of China.

BACKGROUND:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an important mitogen and an indispensable regulator during normal hair cell development. Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is also expressed in mammalian vestibular organs.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of the expression and the distribution of IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and ERK1/2 in guinea pig's vestibular epithelium following gentamycin injury.DESIGN: A randomly controlled study.SETTING: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Twenty healthy and adult guinea pigs, weighing 300 to 350 g, provided by the Experimental Animal Center,Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, were randomly divided into four experimental groups and a control group with 4 in each group.METHODS: The experiment was performed at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Research Laboratory of Xijing Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2002 to May 2002. In the experimental groups,gentamycin was intraperitoneally administered daily (80 mg/kg) for 10 consecutive days. For the control group, 1 mL of 0.9% sterile saline was administered in the same way. The guinea pigs, in which unsteady gait or nystagmus appeared,could be involved in the further experiments. Before being sacrificed, the animals' gait, nystagmus and the amount of food-intake were observed every day. The animals were anesthetized deeply with 50 mg/kg pentobarbital 1, 7, 14 or 21days after the last gentamycin administration and then decapitated. Bilateral otic vesicles were harvested and immersed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Then the specimens were decalcified in 10% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA),thereafter embedded in OCT gel and serially sectioned at a thickness of 10 μm in the cryostat. The behavioral changes of guinea pigs were observed. The morphological changes of vestibular epithelium were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The expression and distribution changes of IGF-1/1R and ERK1/2 were investigated immunohistochemically. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The behavioral, morphological, expression and distribution changes of IGF-1/1R and ERK1/2 of guinea pigs in each group.RESULTS: Twenty involved guinea pigs entered the stage of final analysis. ① All the guinea pigs' vestibular functions were impaired after gentamycin treatment, then partially restored without any pharmaceutical treatment. ②Morphological injury was obvious after gentamycin treatment, and improved 1 week later. ③The expression of IGF-1/1R was low in the control group, and in the 1-day group it increased significantly to its maximum. After that, its expression decreased gradually, but was still higher in the 21-day group than that in the control group. There were significant differences in the expression of IGF-1/1R among different groups (F =51.8,45.7,P ＜ 0.05). The expression changes of IGF-1 and its receptor were similar. ④The expression of ERK1/2 was low in the control group, and increased gradually after gentamycin toxicity. In the 7-day group, the immunoreactivity reached its maximum. Then the levels of ERK1/2 decreased gradually, but were still higher in the 21-day group than that in the control group. There were significant differences in the expression of ERK1/2 among different groups (F =103.7,106.4, P ＜ 0.01), but no significant differences existed in the expression between ERK1 and ERK2 among different groups (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of IGF-1/1R and ERK1/2 in vestibular epithelium increased after gentamycin treatment,and IGF-1 may play an important role as an endogenous mitogen through a paracrine or autocrine manner in the early stage of hair cell self-repair of guinea pigs. ERK1/2 may play an important role in signal transduction during vestibular hair cell self-repair after gentamycin toxicity in guinea pigs.

Objective To obtain a simple method to treat segmental vitiligo. Methods The grafting was carried out as following: the epidermal cellular suspension was obtained from leg skin by razor blade after trypsinization. The suspension of epidermal cells were injected into depigmented lesion blisters which were produced by freezing with nitrogen. Results All of the patients which received treatment had successful repigmentation. Conclusion This technique is an effective and simple method for treating patients with segmental vitiligo.

Objective To evaluate the value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of truncus arteriosus communis(TAC)and associated intracardiac malformations. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients with TAC, their datum of clinical and echocardiographic diagnosis were studied during the period of January 2006 to May 2014 in Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University. Results Based on Collet Edwards method, these 30 TAC patients included 10 cases of typeⅠ, 7 cases of typeⅡ, 5 cases of typeⅢ, 8 cases of typeⅣ. The most common associated intracardiac malformation was ventricular septal defect in 24 cases, 16 cases had arterial septal defect, 7 cases had patent ductus arteriosus, 6 cases had single ventricle, 3 cases had right aortic arch, etc. Among them, 8 cases were confirmed by surgery, 5 cases of typeⅠ, 3 cases of typeⅡ, and 1 case of typeⅠdied after operation;16 cases were confirmed by CT angiography (CTA) examinations, all of them died without operation within 6 months. Conclusion Echocardiography is a preferred and non-invasive method for TAC and the intracardiac malformations.

AIM: To establish a quick,accurate,sensitive method for analysing sildenafil citrate illegally added into traditional Chinese medicinal preparation. METHODS: The ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry method was used.Electrospay ionization(ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive and negative ion mode.The compound of sildenafil citrate illegally added into traditional Chinese medicinal preparations were identified according to the spectrum,chromatographic behavior and mass spectral data by comparison with those of reference substance. RESULTS: Sildenafil citrate was found in two formulations of three. CONCLUSION: The method is selective and sensitive and can be used to detect the sildenafil citrate illegally added into traditional Chinese medicinal preparations.