AIM　To study the active constituents of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C.Chen. in the commercial dragon blood. METHODS　Various column chromatographies with Sephadex L-20 gel, MCI gel and silica gel were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures of compounds were elucidated by spectral analysis. RESULTS　Nine chalcones were isolated from the commercial dragon's blood which was made of D.cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C.Chen.. By means of spectral data, they were identified as 1-［5-(2,4,4′-trihydroxydihydrochalconyl)］-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propane (1), 2′-methoxysocotrin-5′-ol (2), socotrin-4′-ol (3), 2-methoxy-4,4′-dihydroxydihydrochalcone (4), 2,4,4′-trihydroxy-dihydrochalcone (5), 2,4,4′-trihydroxy-6-methoxydihydrochalcone (6), 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-chalcone (7), 2-methoxy-4,4′-dihydroxychalcone (8) and 2′-methoxy-4′,4-dihydroxychalcone (9). CONCLUSION　Compound 1 is a new chalcone dimer and named as cochinchinenin. Compounds 2-9 were isolated from D.cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C.Chen. for the first time.

Objective To evaluate the value of high-frequency ultrasound for diagnosing Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Methods Eighty-one cases with Duchenne muscualr dystrophy were divided into four groups according to their age,age 3-7(13 cases),age 7-10 (30 cases), age 10-13 (30 cases),age 13-14 (8 cases). Twenty cases of healthy children, aged from 1 to 11 were chosed as controls. In all groups' buttock muscle,thigh and leg muscle were observed by high-frequency ultrasound longitudinally and horizontally.Results Gluteus atrophy and subcutaneous fat thickening were seen in age 3 patients,progressive subcutaneous fat thickening and progressive muscular atrophy of buttock,thigh and leg with age were proved.There were significantly differences among groups ( P

Objective Cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) can induce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury , which is bad for cardiac function recovery .The aim of the study was to evaluate the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury effect of breviscapine intravenously injected before CPB in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB . Methods 40 patients scheduled for cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into two groups :control group and breviscapine group ( n=20).Normal saline 15 mL and breviscapine 0.75 mg/kg was administered with pump within 30 mins after the induction of anesthesia in control group and breviscapine group respectively .Blood samples were taken from jugular vein at each of the five time points: before surgical incision (T0) and at 30mins, at 6, 12, 24h after aortic unclamping (T1-T4) for determination of plasma concentration of car-diac troponin-I (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results Compared with T0, the cTnI and CK-MB in both groups significantly increased at T 1-T4 and peaked at T 2 , the SOD in both groups significantly decreased at T 1-T4(P<0.05).Compared with control group, cTnI and CK-MB significantly decreased, while SOD activity significantly increased at T1-T4in breviscapine group (P<0.05). Conclusion The intravenous infusion of breviscapine 0.75 mg/kg before the staring of CPB can relieve myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB , and the mechanism may be related to the anti-oxidative stress effect .

Object To study the active constituents of Sanguis Draxonis made form Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour ) S C Chen in China * Methods Various column chromatographies with Sephadex L 20 gel, MCI gel and silica gel were employed for the isolation and purification The structures of compounds were elucidated by spectral analysis Results Twelve compounds were isolated from the commercial product available on the market By means of spectral data, they were identified as 26 O ? D glucopyranosyl furostan 5,25 (27) diene 1?,3?,22?,26 tetrahydroxy 1 O ? L arabinopyranoside (Ⅰ); 3, 4 dihydroxy allylbenzene 4 O ? D glucopyranoside (Ⅱ); 7 hydroxy 3 (p hydroxyphenyl) chroman (Ⅲ); 7, 4′ dihydroxy 3′ methoxyflavan (Ⅳ); 3, 4 dihydroxyallylbenzene (Ⅴ); resveratrol (Ⅵ); 7, 4′ dihydroxy flavanone (Ⅶ); di (p hydroxyphenyl) methane (Ⅷ); acanthoside B (Ⅸ),p hydroxybenzoic acid (Ⅹ); hydroquinone (Ⅺ) and protocatechualdehyde ( ⅩⅡ ) Conclusion Compound Ⅰ and Ⅱ are new natural glycosides, and Ⅴ and Ⅵ are isolated from D cochinchinensis for the first time

Objective To investigate the relation between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level and endothelial function before and after living donor kidney transplantation in uremic patients.Methods A total of 38 renal transplant patients (21males and 17 females) and 36 healthy controls (20 males and 16 females) were enrolled. Plasma ADMA, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (SeGSHPx), C-reactive protein (CRP) were mea-sured before transplantation and on Days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 posttransplantation. The brachial artery flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was studied before transplantation and on the 28th day after the transplantation. Results Serum levels of ADMA,SDMA,MDA and CRP were significantly increased, and the activities of nitric oxide (NO) and SeGSHPx were decreased in uremic patients compared with age matched healthy subjects (all P＜0.01). Serum levels of ADMA,SDMA,MDA and CRP decreased while the activities of NO and SeGSHPx increased significantly at the first day after the transplantation (all P＜0.01). The decrement of plasma SDMA normalized on the 28th day (P＞0.05). The FMD was lower in the patients than the control group (P＜0.01) and improved significantly on the 28th day of posttransplantation (P＜0.05). Serum levels of ADMA were positively correlated with MDA (r=0.412, P＜0.01;r=0.342,P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with the values of SeGSHPx (r=-0.345, P＜0.01;r=-0.315, P＜0.01) and FMD (r=-0.452,P＜0.01;r=-0.416,P＜0.01) both before and after kidney transplantation. Conclusion The level of serum ADMA is associated with endothelial function improvement in uremic patients both before and after kidney transplantation.

Based on the Clinical Medical Research Information Sharing System ( CMRISS ) , this article took thedisease-syndrome-herb study on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) as a model to explore the establishment of disease-syndrome-herb study method on many types of diseases for the guidance of Chinese medicine clinical practice. The CMRISS of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which contained 5000 format electronic medical records from August 2011 to March 2013 , was used as the database . Data preprocessing , crystal reports and complex network were used in data mining to receive the frequency relation of AECOPD disease-syndrome-herb in order to analyze medica-tion features of different Chinese medicine clinical syndromes of AECOPD . The results showed that three syn-dromes, which were phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs, phlegm-stasis obstructing the lungs, and qi-yin deficien-cy, have corresponding Chinese herbs of licorice, orange peel and earthworm. The treatment of syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs contains herbs to clear heat, remove phlegm and activate blood circulation. The treatment of syndrome of qi-yin deficiency contains herbs to benefitqi , nourish yin as well as to activate blood circulation and remove phlegm. It was concluded that the application of CMRISS is able to process a large amount of clinical data. The data mining results can be used to guide clinical practice. It provided a better plat-form for the scientific research of Chinese medicine clinical practice .

Purpose:To study the efficacy of preoperative selective intra arterial chemotherapy in advanced gastric carcinoma. Methods:Between August 1999 and November 2001, a total of 98 hospitalized patients with advanced gastric carcinoma who underwent selective intra arterial regional chemotherapy prior to surgery were recruited in this study. 60 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma on whom surgery were performed did not receive any preoperative regional anti cancer drugs between 1997 and 1998 and served as controls. The surgical resection rate and histologic investigations were compared. Results:The resection rate was 78% in regional chemotherapy group and 68% in control group. Tumor cell necrosis was investigated by postoperative pathological study and revealed that the response rate in regional chemotherapy group was 67%. Only 8 cases in control group showed mild focal necrosis. Conclusions:Preoperative regional chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma may enhance resection rate and destroy large numbers of tumor cells vigorously. The preliminary results are satisfying.

Objective To explore the risk and treatment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) in patients with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis.Methods To summarize the clinical data of 28 patients with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis.The patients were repeated right upper quadrant pain,including 4 cases of gallbladder neck stones incarcerated,gallbladder effusion.Among them,there were 20 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis,5 cases of schistosomiasis cirrhosis,3 cases of alcohol.Results There were 6 patients with hemorrhage during operation.Among them,5 patients were treated with gelatin sponge,hemostatic gauze and bio-glue spray to stop bleeding,1 case was transferred to open surgery because of bleeding.The remaining 27 cases of LC were successful.Complications occurred in 8 patients,3 cases of increased liver function abnormalities,1 case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding,1 case of mild hepatic encephalopathy,2 cases of significant ascites formation,1 patient underwent subtotal resection of the gallbladder with Hartmanns bag,and bile was found in the ascites after surgery,but the bile disappeared after five days.All patients with complications after symptomatic treatment were cured,no death,no major bleeding and liver failure,bile duct injury,severe biliary fistula and other serious complications.Conclusion Although the risk of LC in patients with liver cirrhosis is higher than that in the general population,with the help of current high-tech surgical instruments,we can safely accomplish this with an improved surgical procedure.As these patients require high technical requirements of surgery,surgeons must have a wealth of experience and familiar laparoscopic liver and gallbladder anatomy.

Objective To analyze effects of thoracoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected diaphragmatic injury after thoracoabdominal stab wound.Methods Sixty-eight patients who received thoracoscopic diagnosis and management of diaphragmatic injuries due to thoracoabdominal stab wounds from April 2000 to October 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Occult diaphragmatic injuries were found in 11 patients.Seven patients underwent thoracoscopic suture,of which five had synchronous laparotomy for inspected abdominal organ injuries.Pulmonary parenchymal lacerations occurred in 15 patients who received thoracoscopic repair or resection.Coagulated hemothorax in 13 patients were removed.Postoperative complications included pleural effusion in one patient,pneumonia in two and pulmonary atelectasis in one.Hospital stay was(7.9±13.5)days,without ICU stay.The length of drainage,operation time and intraoperative blood loss were(3.3±1.5)days,(45.6±78.1)minutes and(57.8±24.3)ml respectively.There was no conversion to thoracotomy.Thoracic CT scan was performed six months postoperatively,without hernias.The accuracy of thoracoscopy in diagnosing diaphragmatic injury was 100％.Conclusion Thoracoscopy should be performed for the thoracoabdominal stab wounds with stable hemodynamics,with definite significance especially for the diagnosis and treatment of wounds at the 7-9th intercostal spaces.

Objective To examine the effect of fibronectin connecting segment-1 (CS1) peptidefacilitated blockade of inflammatory cells-fibronectin adhesion on a rat liver transplantation model of prolonged ex vivo cold ischemia.Methods A model of liver transplantation in Wistar→Wistar rat was established.The donors of the CS1 treatment group received CS1 peptides through the tail vein for 3 days before operation.Another two doses of CS1 peptides were administered into the liver intraportally during procurement and before transplantion.Recipients received an additional 3-day course of CS1 peptides after transplantation.Rats in control group received scrambled peptides.Rats were sacrificed at 6,24 and 72 h after transplantion,and plasma transaminase activity and hepatic pathological changes were studied.The inflammatory cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells were visualized histochemically.Real-time PCR was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in the liver.Results The plasma transaminase activity and hepatic necrosis areas in CS1 treatment group were significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.05).CS1 peptides treatment significantly decreased the number of Kupffer cells after transplantation and greatly inhibited the recruitment of neutrophils to the graft liver as compared with control group (P＜0.05).After prolonged cold ischemia,only a few hepatic endothelial cells exhibited positive staining of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell biomarker SE-1.Lots of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells positive for SE-1 staining could be detected in CS1 group at 72 h after transplantation,while much less SE-1 positive cells presented in the control goup.Prolonged cold ischemia caused a significant increase of TNF-α,IL-1β and VEGF mRNA expression in the graft liver of control group after transplantation.The expression of TNF-α mRNA at 6 and 24 h and VEGF mRNA expression at 24 h were significantly lower in CS1 group than in control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Peptide-mediated blockade of inflammatory cells-fibronectin interaction decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines,prevented hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells from injury and subsequently protected against severe ischemia/reperfusion injury of the graft liver after transplantation.