Objective To explore the effect of maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism on radial artery calcification and arteriovenous fistula( AVF) function.Methods The specimens of radial artery and cephalic vein were collected from the 35 cases of MHD patients at the first time of arteriovenous fistula operation.The specimens were collected again when AVF loss function more than 2 years.Specimens of the arteries were examined histologically for calcification with von Kossa staining.According to the parathyroid hormone levels,the patients were divided into three groups,as mild secondary hyperparathyroidism group (iPTH<300pg/L) of 16 cases,moderate secondary hyperparathyroidism group (iPTH≥300pg/L,<800pg/L) of 7 cases,severe secondary hyperparathyroidism group ( iPTH≥800pg/L) of 12 cases.The pathological results were analyzed.Results The pathological results showed radial artery calcification and calcium salt staining positive significantly increased in the 35 cases of MHD patients[9cases(25.7%)vs 2cases(8.6%)],compared with the first time of arteriovenous fistula operation when AVF loss function (χ2 =5.290,P=0.020).The artery calcification was also located in the layer of medial smooth muscle cells.The radial artery specimens with calcium salt staining positive increased significantly in severe hyperparathyroidism patients group[12cases(25.7%) vs 1case(6.3%)],compared with mild secondary hyperparathyroidism patients(χ2 =5.168,P =0.012).Conclusion Calcification risk of radial artery in AVF is increased in MHD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.And hyperparathyroidism may be one cause of AVF failure.

Objective To investigate dilatancy effect of the Hypertonic Sodium Chloride Hydroxythyl Starch 40 injection (HSH) for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.Methods 70 cases with trauma induced hemorrhagic shock were randomly divided into two groups:Hypertonic Sodium Chloride Hydroxythyl Starch 40 injection group (H group), Ringer's group (R group), 35 cases in each group.Patients of H group were infused HSH10ml/kg within 30 minutes, the R group were infused Ringer's 10ml/kg at the same time.Central venous pressure (CVP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored before the infusion, after the infusion and finished 30 minutes separately.Na+、Cl-、K+ were examined before infusion and after infusion respectively.Results The CVP、SBP、DBP、HR and SpO2 in both groups were improved than before infusion, but those in H group is much better than R group, with statistical significance (p<0.05).The potassium was reduced moderately and sodium ions and chloride ions were increased in H group than in R group, but it was still within normal range.Conclusion Appling HSH (10ml/kg) to patients with hemorrhagic shock can be better than the compound prescription of sodium lactate.

Objective To investigate the expression changes of nuclear factor(NF)-κB and activator protein (AP)-1 in oxazolone induced colitis in mice and their mechanisms. Methods Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into normal group and model group with 12 each. Experimental colitis was induced with skin sensitization of 3% oxazolone for 5 days, then rectal administration of 0.15 ml of 0. 5% oxazolone solution in mice. All mice were sacrificed on day 3. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), spleen mononuclear cells (SMC) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) were isolated from the colon tissues. Expression of NF-κB and AP-1 in SMC, LPMC and PBMC were determined by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The colitis was evaluated histologically. Results The expressions of NF-κB and AP-1 in SMC, LPMC,PBMC of model groupwere significantly higher than those in normal group(NF-κB : 5.62±0.78 vs. 3.16±0.59,5.46±0.38 vs. 3.18±0.58, 5.65±0.56 vs. 3.36±0.59, P＜0.01; AP-1; 5.61±0.54 vs. 3.22±0.50, 5.50±0.69 vs. 3.19± 0.40,5.67±0.44 vs. 3. 27±0.41, P＜0.01). Conclusion The activation of NF-κB and AP-1 are involved in the mechanisms of ulcerative colitis.

0.05).ANH average artery pressed to descendobviously after hemodilution(P

This article describes the physical, technical, and dosimetric aspects of total body irradiation (TBI) that was carried out by using 6MV X-Ray from Varian 2300 C/D Linear Accelerator at a distance of 450 cm from target to the treatment table and at a gantry angle of 270°.The dose to lung tissue was limit by setting the individual lead compensators customized before, and using DPD-510 to monitor the absorbed dose of the reference point the absorbed dose in depth of half of body will be (Din+Dout)/2 after taking treatment in both AP position and PA position.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adults in rural areas of Ningxia Hui autonomous region.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 639 adults enrolled with a multistage method from Jingyuan County.The MS was identified according to Chinese type 2 diabetes prevention guide (2013).Results Among all the subjects, 17.4% of them met the MS definition with the standardized prevalence of 14.7% after adjustment of sex and age.The prevalence and standardized rate of MS in men were 19.9% and 17.3%, and in women were 15.3% and 13.5%.The prevalence of MS in men was higher than that in women(P<0.001) and increased with aging in both genders.The prevalence and standardized rate of abdominal obesity,hyperglycemia,hypertension,high triglycerides,and low HDL-C were 19.5% and 16.7%, 15.0% and 12.9%, 42.0% and 37.1%, 25.8% and 23.1%, 28.5% and 27.7%,respectively.The rate of abdominal obesity was higher in women than in men (20.5% vs 18.2%, P=0.004), whereas the rate of hypertension, high triglycerides, and low HDL-C were higher in men than in women (all P<0.01).The prevalence of having one parameter of the MS was 68.4%.Conclusion The prevalence of MS is higher in rural areas of Ningxia Hui autonomous region, suggesting that a series of comprehensive prevention measures should be carried out to prevent and control the MS so as to improve the public health conditions in rural areas.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid dysfunction in southern mountainouss areas of Ningxia.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 10 639 adults in Jingyuan county with a population proportionate sampling method.High-resolution ultrasound was used to examine the thyroid and fasting blood specimens were collected in the morning for measurement of TSH,FT4,FT3.Chi-square test and spearman rank correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 29.08％,the sex-and age-adjusted rate was 27.17％.The prevalence of thyroid nodules was higher in women than in men (32.68％ vs.24.88％,x2=76.029 2,P＜0.001) and age was positively associated with thyroid nodules (r=0.272,P＜0.001).The rate of thyroid dysfunetion,subclinical hypothyroidism,subclinical hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism,hyperthyroidism were 17.39％,13.00％,0.42％,0.96％,3.01％,respectively.The prevalence of thyroid nodules was higher in abnormal TSH group than in normal TSH group (39.44％ vs.27.24％,x2=95.624 0,P＜0.001).The level of THS,FT3,FT4 in thyroid nodules group differed fromn control group (Z=-9.144,P＜0.001;Z=-6.140,P＜0.001;Z=-1.997,P=0.046).Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid dysfunction were higher in southern mountainous areas of Ningxia.The relationship between thyroid nodules and thyroid function needs further research.We should pay attention to the early screening and diagnosis of thyroid nodules in mountainous areas.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular basis for a CD36 deficiency individual and distribution of CD36 gene mutation in Guangxi population.

METHODSA female individual was studied. CD36 phenotype was detected by monoclonal antibody immobilization of platelet antigens assay (MAIPA) and flow cytometry (FCM). The coding regions of the CD36 gene were sequenced. A DNA-based polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) assay was used to verify the identified mutation. Cell lines expressing the mutant and wild-type CD36[CD36(MT) and CD36(WT)] were established, with the expression of CD36 determined by Western blotting. The distribution of CD36 gene mutation was investigated among 1010 unrelated individuals with the PCR-SSP assay.

RESULTSBoth MAIPA and FCM assays showed that the patient had type II CD36 deficiency. DNA sequencing showed that she has carried a heterozygous mutation T538C (Trp180Arg) in the exon 6 of CD36. Sequencing of cDNA clone confirmed that there was a nucleotide substitution at position 538 (538T>C). Western blotting also confirmed that the CD36 did not express on the CD36(MT) cell line that expressed the 538C mutant, but did express on the CD36(WT) cell line. The novel CD36 mutation T538C was further verified with 100% concordance of genotyping results by DNA-based PCR-SSP assay and 1010 unrelated individuals. No CD36 538C allele was detected among the 1010 individuals.

CONCLUSIONThis study has identified a novel CD36 mutation T538C(Trp180Arg)(GenBank: HM217022.1), and established a genotyping method for the novel sequence-specific primer PCR. The novel mutation is rare in Guangxi and can cause type II CD36 deficiency.

Base Sequence ; Blood Platelet Disorders ; genetics ; Blood Platelets ; cytology ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; CD36 Antigens ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; genetics ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mutation, Missense ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To investigate the prevalences of the obesity and hypertension in southern mountain regions of Ningxia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 10 639 adults using questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood pressure measurement in southern mountain areas with a population proportionate sampling method. Results The prevalences of overweight,obesity,central obesity,high percentage of body fat,and hypertension were 33.53%,10.71%,19.50%,27.69%,and 31.57% respectively, which were 30.31%,9.62%,16.70%,24.90%,and 27.61% after age-adjustment in rural areas of Ningxia,and increased with aging(Ptrend<0.05). The prevalences of overweight,obesity,and hypertension were higher in males than those in females(P<0.05),and that of central obesity was higher in females than in males(P=0.003).The prevalences of hypertension in subjects with overweight, obesity, central obesity, high percentage of body fat were 38. 14%, 53.75%,52.69%,and 48.90%,respectively. Body mass index,waist circumference,and percentage of body fat were positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure(P<0.05). The multivariable logistic model revealed that the risk of hypertension in different types of obesity increased about 1.5 times. Conclusion There is high prevalence of obesity and hypertension among the adults in southern mountain areas of Ningxia. The prevalence of hypertension in obesity,central obesity,and high percentage of body fat is closed to or more than half of the population investigated.

Objective To investigate the correlation between iodine nutritional status and thyroid diseases in some areas of Ningxia. Methods The physical examination, questionnaire survey, and measurement of urine iodine, thyroid function, thyroid associated antibodies were performed, with thyroid ultrasonography in Jingyuan County, Xingqing District and Guyuan City, Ningxia Yinchuan City, totally including 2827 adults. Results The median urinary iodine of all subjects was 258. 7(76. 6-1506. 4) μg/L. The average level of urinary iodine in rural areas [203.3(64. 6-1154)μg/L] was lower than that in cities[340. 7(114. 8-1726. 1)μg/L, Z=19. 514, P>0. 01]. The average urinary iodine level was lower in people over 65 years old[234. 2(58. 9-2285. 4) μg/L, x2=6.449, P=0. 040]. Subjects in hypothyroidism group [232. 5(69. 2-1682. 3) μg/L] had the lowest average urinary iodine level, while hyperthyroidism group[331. 9(102. 4-1862) μg/L] turned to be the highest group( x2=15. 432, P>0. 01). Compared with the normal group, TPOAb and TGAb increased group had similar median levels of urinary iodine (P>0. 05). If compared with single nodule, multiple nodules group and the normal group's median levels of urinary iodine also had no significant difference(P>0. 05). Conclusion Iodine excess was found in the studied population in these areas of Ningxia.