Objective To study the clinical effects of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) C677T gene mutation on mild vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods The prospective study was conducted in 180 patients with atherosclerotic acute cerebral infarction hospitalized from June 2015 to May 2016.180 patients were divided into normal homocysteine(Hcy)group (Hcy 5.46～16.20 μmol / L,n=130)and high Hcy group(Hcy＞16.20 μmol / L,n=50).MTHFR C677T genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction endonuclease fragment length polymorphism.The VCI state and risk factors for VCI were analyzed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale(MoCA)and Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)score in patients with acute cerebral infarction on admission and 14 days,30 days and 90 days after admission.Results MMSE and MoCA scores at 14 days,30 days,90 days after admission were lower in high Hcy group than in normal Hcy group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).MMSE and MoCA scores were lower in T/T genotype than in C/C genotype(P＜0.05)at 14 day after admission,and lower in C/T genotype than in C/C genotype at 30 day and 90 day follow up(P＜0.05or P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that Hcy may be independent risk factors for mild VCI(OR =1.274,95％CI:1.027～1.264,P=0.018).Conclusions MTHFR C677T gene mutations may cause hyper-homocysteinemia,and promote the emergence of VCI in patients with cerebral infarction.MTHFR C677T gene mutations may be a genetic susceptibility factor for VCL

Objective To investigate significance and correlation of free fetal DNA (fDNA) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) in circulation in pregnant women with high-risk of Down's syndrome (DS). Methods Pregnant women with a male fetus at second trimester screening for Down's syndrome were chosen, including 5 women with a trisomy 21 fetus (DS group), 21 women with DS high-risk pregnant women (DS high-risk group) matched with 22 normal pregnant women as control group. Free fDNA in maternal plasma were extracted. Male DYS14 gene was labled as fDNA, real-time PCR was used to detect fDNA expression. The concentration of β-hCG in maternal serum was detected by chemiluminescence immune assay. The relationship between level of free fDNA and β-hCG concentration was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results (1) The mean level of free fDNA was (127±58 ) GE/ml in DS group, which was significantly higher than (78±28) GE/ml in DS high-risk group and (48±21 ) GE/ml in control group,respectively (P<0.01). When compared the level of free fDNA between DS high-risk group and control group, it reached statistical difference (P<0.01). (2) The mean concentration of β-hCG was (97±43) kU/L in DS group, which was significantly higher than (58±25) kU/L in DS high-risk group and (38±19) kU/L in control group, respectively (P<0.01). The level of β-hCG in DS high-risk group was also significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). (3) The positive relationship between the level of free fDNA in maternal plasma and β-hCG concentration in maternal serum was observed amongthree groups (r=0.83,P<0.05;r=0.76,P<0.01;r=0.86,P<0.01). Conclusions Free fDNA in maternal plasma might be a candidate marker used for prenatal DS screening. However, its clinical value need to be evaluated because of positive correlation between free fDNA and β-HCG in maternal circulation.

Objective To study on glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes of Antarctic ice microalgae.Methods Glutathione(GSH) content,glutathione produce ability(GPA) and glutathione reductase(GR) activity in 24 kinds of Antarctic ice microalgae were assessed using the spectrophotometer methods.Results GSH content of Cyanophyceae B-1 was highest.Total GSH yields of Antarctic ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp.ICE-L and Berkeleya rutilans GJ01 were in the top two positions.GPA in most Antarctic ice microalgae was higher than that in mesophilic green algae,and only in two ice microalgae was lower than that in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.GR activities of Antarctic ice microalgae Berkeleya rutilans GJ01 and Chlamydomonas sp.ICE-L were greater than that of the control microalgae.Conclusion It is possible that Antarctic ice microalgae will become a new resource of GSH.

Objective To study on quenching free radical substances in antarctic ice alga.Methods Antarctic ice alga Berkeleya rutilans H-15 used as material,complete experiment of preparation free radical scavenging substances was established.All of these include the extraction of active substances by methanol,then pursuing and determination of the separation effect and change of active substances by DPPH and Godin method;the primary separation and purification by silica gel 60 column chromatogram;the farther purification by Sephadex LH column chromatogram and the purity determination of compound by HPLC.The type of compound and functional group of high pure compound were determined by the IR spectrum,HPLC-MS.Results One pure compound with strong activity was obtained from Berkeleya rutilans H-15,and it was confirmed to belong to phenol derives by analysis of IR spectrum and HPLC-MS.Conclusion It was completely feasible to find and acquire quenching free radical substances in antarctic ice alga,which initiated a new way to obtain natural antioxidant active substances from antarctic microorganism.

BACKGROUND:Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Buyang Huanwu Decoction could expand blood vessels,improve microcirculation,decrease oxidative stress,Inflammation and platelet activation,so protect and improve the function of endothelial cells.But its certain mechanism is still unclear,especially for its impact on the restenosis of the coronary artery after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA).OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction on vascular stenosis and oxidative stress after balloon injury of rabbit iliac artery.METHODS:New Zealand rabbits,were randomized and divided into three groups,control group,model group and drug group respectively.Rabbits of control group were fed with common forage,but model group and drug group fed with high fat diet.Two weeks later,the iliac arteries were injured by balloon for model group and drug group.Meanwhile drug group were fed with Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction after the operation,2 mL/kg per day.Control group underwent sham operation control.At the end of4 weeks,serum samples were stored to assay the levels of cholesterol,activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and levels of malondialdehyde(MDA).Injured iliac artery was fixed by neural formalin to observe the endothelial hyperplasia by light microscope,and the results were analyzed by picture analysis system.Differences of measurement were compared with one-way analysis of variance as well as repetitive measurements analysis of variance.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Iliac artery intima was thin,with Intact structure,without arteriosclerosis In the control group.The vascular lumina were narrower,intima was thicker and there were more enormous arteriosclerosis plaques in model group rabbits.The plaque thickness was reduced and stenosis was mild in drug group.TotaI cholesterol,triglyceridemia,low-density lipoprotein of cholesterol(LDL-C)and MDA levels were significantly lower in the drug group compared with the model group.whereas high-density lipoprotein of cholesterol(HDL-C)and serum SOD levels were significantly greater than the model group(P<0.05).The results showed that Jiawei Buyang Huanwu Decoction has significant preventive effect on intimal hyperplasia and the development of artherosclerosis in rabbits with iliac artery injury,and the mechanism of which may be related to modifying lipid metabolism and cleaning oxygen free radical anti-oxidative stress.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of excessive inlet view in fluoroscopy-assisted placement of sacroiliac screws.Methods:Included for this prospective study were 47 patients with unstable pelvic fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Xi'an Honghui Hospital between January 2020 and January 2021. There were 30 males and 17 females, with a mean age of 39.4 years (from 25 to 66 years). By the Tile classification, 21 fractures were type B and 26 ones type C. The inlet view and the angle of excessive inlet view were measured before operation. The intraoperative placement of sacroiliac screws was assisted by C-arm fluoroscopy navigation in the excessive inlet view. The positions of sacroiliac screws were verified by CT or O-arm fluoroscopy after operation. The screw placement time, fracture reduction quality, fracture healing time, and pelvic function at the last follow-up were recorded.Results:A total of 67 screws were implanted in the 47 patients, including 56 sacroiliac screws. The insertion time for each screw averaged 19.9 min (from 9 to 31 min); the angle of excessive inlet view averaged 17.38° (from 12.1° to 24.8°). Verification by O-arm fluoroscopy or CT revealed that all sacroiliac screws were located in the sacral canal without dislocation or breaking through the cortical bone. By the postoperative Matta scoring, the reduction was excellent in 22 cases, good in 17, acceptable in 6, and poor in 2, giving an excellent to good rate of 83.0%(39/47). The average follow-up time for the 47 patients was 9.5 months (from 5 to 15 months); fracture healing time averaged 10.5 weeks (from 7 to 16 weeks). By the Mejeed scoring at the last follow-up, the pelvic function was excellent in 26 cases, good in 15 and acceptable in 6, giving an excellent to good rate of 87.2% (41/47).Conclusions:Fluoroscopy in the excessive inlet view is a simple and easy intraoperative technique. It can improve accuracy and safety of sacroiliac screw placement because it allows clear identification of the posterior border of the sacrum and effectively avoids iatrogenic injury to the sacral nerve caused by screws breaking through the bone cortex.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of Geju Hugan tablets on the liver of mice with alcohol-induced liver injury， and explore the underlying mechanism based on nuclear factor-κB p65 （NF-κB p65） and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）/Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） signaling pathways. MethodAccording to the body weight， 60 SPF-grade male ICR mice were randomized into normal， model， Compound Yiganling tablets （0.16 g·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （0.2， 0.4， 0.8 g·kg^-1， respectively） Geju Hugan tablets groups. The drugs were administrated at the corresponding doses by gavage， and the normal and model groups with equal volume of pure water once a day for 28 consecutive days. On day 29， the mice in other groups except the normal group were administrated with liquor （53% Vol） by gavage twice a day at the doses of 20， 10 mL·kg^-1 and with the interval of 6 h. Samples were harvested on day 30. The histopathological changes in the liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and the ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of malonaldehyde （MDA）， reduced glutathione （GSH）， and triglycerides （TG） in the liver tissue and the levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in the serum. Western blotting was employed to determine the protein levels of NF-κB p65， phosphorylated p-inhibitor kappa B alpha （p-IκBα）， Bcl-2， and Bax in the liver tissue. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed increases in the ALT， AST， MDA， and TG levels， a decrease in the GSH level， and increases in the liver injury scores evaluated based on the HE， oil red O， and transmission electron microscopy （P<0.01）. Moreover， the model group showed up-regulated expression of NF-κB， p-IκBα， and Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01） and down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.05） in the liver tissue. Compared with the model group， Geju Hugan tablets of all the doses lowered the ALT， AST， MDA， and TG levels and elevated the GSH level （P<0.01）. The liver injury scores assessed based on HE staining and transmission electron microscopy in the medium- and high-dose Geju Hugan tablets groups were lower than those in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose Geju Hugan tablets down-regulated the protein levels of NF-κB， p-IκBα， and Bax （P<0.01） and all doses of Geju Hugan tablets up-regulated the protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. ConclusionGeju Hugan tablets protect mice from alcohol-induced liver injury by down-regulating NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate inflammation in the liver tissue and down-regulating the expression of Bax and up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 to inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis.