Objective To evaluate the practical value tumor from nasopharynxl and the base of nasal cavity . Methods 12 patients , among these 5 cases suffered from the tumor of the base of nasal cavity and 7 from nasopharynx , were treated from January 2001 to January 2005 . After general anesthesia the tumors were incised by hard palate approach , and the preoperative selective intraarterial embolization were used in three nasopharyngeal tumors, and The controlled hypotension were used during surgery ifnecessary.Results Two malignant tumors were changed the type of surgery after the operation quick freeze pathologic examination. The mucosal flaps of other 10 cases survived and the function of phonation、swallowing、respiration and mastication were normal. The patients remained free of disease after follow-up period of over 1 year. Conclusions The endoscopic managent of resection tumor of nasopharynxl and the base of nasal cavity by hard palate approach have great advantage to traditional hard palate approach.

Objective:Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) plays important roles in the maintenance and survival of motor neurons. This study attempted to explore the expression and distribution of CNTF mRNA and its protein in the ambiguous nucleus(Amb) motoneuron in order to clarify its functional state after long term laryngeal denervation. Methods: The recurrent laryngeal nerves were obtained from dogs. Brain stems were removed and sectioned for histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of CNTF. Amb motoneurons were identified by Nissl staining. The count and intensity of positive reactive motoneurons were measured by computer image processing system. Results: Transection of the laryngeal nerve led to a very marked reduction in the count and intensity of CNTF mRNA positive reactive motoneurons, and reached minimal levels at week 3. CNTF immunoreactivity increased rapidly and reached maximal levels also at week 3. At week 4, a significant increase in CNTF mRNA expression and decrease in CNTF immunoreactivity were observed. At week 6, both CNTF mRNA and its protein expression were significantly less than those of unlesioned contraletaral sides. Although a difference between week 6 and 12 was observed, the motoneurons were generally stable in the expression level of CNTF mRNA and its protein, and in the size and count after 12 weeks, with 78%, 84.4%, 80.9% and 83.7% respectively as compared with the unlesioned contralateral Amb. Conclusion: The results indicate that although degenerating changes occurre in the Amb motoneurons after long term laryngeal denervation, the ciliary neurotrophic factors activity of the lesioned motoneurons is still maintained at a certain level. [